Shape-memory-alloy-based smart knee spacer for total knee arthroplasty: 3D CAD modelling and a computational study
Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability pertaining to people aged 45 –65 years, and athletes, as reported in [1–4]. Recent studies [5–9] showed that people with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 were prone to knee osteoarthritis. The main cause of knee osteoarthritis is the asymmetric loading of the medial and lateral compartment of the knee joint owing t o a heavy body weight during different activities of daily life. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Arvind Gautam, Miguel A Callejas, Amit Acharyya, Swati Ghosh Acharyya Source Type: research
Simple and efficient thermal calibration for MEMS gyroscopes
Gyroscopes are now required for use in many high-volume applications such as connected objects, vehicle guidance and navigation, and motion control of robots and drones. In the medical field, gyroscopes can be found in inertial measurement units that are used to develop wearable systems dedicated to ecological human-movement monitoring. Such monitoring has many applications, including telehealth, patient follow-ups, and development of new devices (for example, exoskeleton and bionic prostheses and rehabilitation equipment). (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Alexis Nez, Laetitia Fradet, Pierre Laguillaumie, Tony Monnet, Patrick Lacouture Tags: Technical note Source Type: research
Encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells in chitosan/ β-glycerophosphate hydrogel for seeding on a novel calcium phosphate cement scaffold
The moldability, biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and resorbability of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) make this material an excellent candidate for the repair of orthopedic defects [1 –3]. CPC powder can be mixed with an aqueous liquid to form a thick paste that can then be used to precisely fill bone defects, even those with a complex shape. A biocompatible, microcrystalline hydroxyapatite is formed upon hardening of CPC, and this material is also resorbable, which allows for its replacement by newly formed bone within bone defects [4–6]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Tao Liu, Jian Li, Zengwu Shao, Kaige Ma, Zhicai Zhang, Baichuan Wang, Yannan Zhang Source Type: research
A patient specific finite element simulation of intramedullary nailing to predict the displacement of the distal locking hole
Intramedullary nailing is a common operative method for treatment of fractures of femoral and tibial shafts [1]. In this method, a metallic tubular rod or nail is inserted in the medullary canal to hold the bone fragments together. In order to provide a stable fixation, which is critical for the healing process, interlocking screws are used at the proximal and distal ends of the nail, to maintain the length, alignment and rotation of the bone. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Javad Mortazavi, Farzam Farahmand, Saeed Behzadipour, Ali Yeganeh, Mohammad Aghighi Source Type: research
Multifractal characteristics of external anal sphincter based on sEMG signals
Over last few decades, surface electromyography (sEMG), due to its non-invasive characteristics, has gained a wide range of applications for neuromuscular systems. This work is focused on an application of the sEMG concerning the diagnosis of the anal sphincter of the patients suffering from rectal cancer [1,2]. Rectal cancer remains to be one of the most frequent cancers in humans [3]. It requires complex multimodal treatment composed of surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy. All of those methods can cause significant stool continence-related problems hence proper assessment of anorectal innervation before and after the t...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Paulina Trybek, Michal Nowakowski, Lukasz Machura Source Type: research
Shape-memory-alloy-based smart knee spacer for total knee arthroplasty: 3D CAD modelling and a computational study
Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability pertaining to people aged 45 –65 years, and athletes, as reported in [1–4]. Recent studies [5–9] showed that people with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 were prone to knee osteoarthritis. The main cause of knee osteoarthritis is the asymmetric loading of the medial and lateral compartment of the knee joint owing t o a heavy body weight during different activities of daily life. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Arvind Gautam, Miguel A Callejas, Amit Acharyya, Swati Ghosh Acharyya Source Type: research
Simple and efficient thermal calibration for MEMS gyroscopes
Gyroscopes are now required for use in many high-volume applications such as connected objects, vehicle guidance and navigation, and motion control of robots and drones. In the medical field, gyroscopes can be found in inertial measurement units that are used to develop wearable systems dedicated to ecological human-movement monitoring. Such monitoring has many applications, including telehealth, patient follow-ups, and development of new devices (for example, exoskeleton and bionic prostheses and rehabilitation equipment). (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Alexis Nez, Laetitia Fradet, Pierre Laguillaumie, Tony Monnet, Patrick Lacouture Tags: Technical note Source Type: research
Encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells in chitosan/ β-glycerophosphate hydrogel for seeding on a novel calcium phosphate cement scaffold
The moldability, biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and resorbability of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) make this material an excellent candidate for the repair of orthopedic defects [1 –3]. CPC powder can be mixed with an aqueous liquid to form a thick paste that can then be used to precisely fill bone defects, even those with a complex shape. A biocompatible, microcrystalline hydroxyapatite is formed upon hardening of CPC, and this material is also resorbable, which allows for its replacement by newly formed bone within bone defects [4–6]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Tao Liu, Jian Li, Zengwu Shao, Kaige Ma, Zhicai Zhang, Baichuan Wang, Yannan Zhang Source Type: research
A patient specific finite element simulation of intramedullary nailing to predict the displacement of the distal locking hole
Intramedullary nailing is a common operative method for treatment of fractures of femoral and tibial shafts [1]. In this method, a metallic tubular rod or nail is inserted in the medullary canal to hold the bone fragments together. In order to provide a stable fixation, which is critical for the healing process, interlocking screws are used at the proximal and distal ends of the nail, to maintain the length, alignment and rotation of the bone. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Javad Mortazavi, Farzam Farahmand, Saeed Behzadipour, Ali Yeganeh, Mohammad Aghighi Source Type: research
Multifractal characteristics of external anal sphincter based on sEMG signals
Over last few decades, surface electromyography (sEMG), due to its non-invasive characteristics, has gained a wide range of applications for neuromuscular systems. This work is focused on an application of the sEMG concerning the diagnosis of the anal sphincter of the patients suffering from rectal cancer [1,2]. Rectal cancer remains to be one of the most frequent cancers in humans [3]. It requires complex multimodal treatment composed of surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy. All of those methods can cause significant stool continence-related problems hence proper assessment of anorectal innervation before and after the t...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 22, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Paulina Trybek, Michal Nowakowski, Lukasz Machura Source Type: research
Femoral fracture load and fracture pattern is accurately predicted using a gradient-enhanced quasi-brittle finite element model
Osteoporosis is a significant source of morbidity and mortality, particularly among the elderly [1,2]. To develop effective intervention strategies for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures, it is necessary to identify individuals who are most at risk. This can be challenging, as the likelihood of suffering a fracture is dependent on a number of factors including bone strength, the likelihood of suffering a fall, and the severity of the fall. Finite element (FE) modeling can be a powerful tool to help further understand some of these factors. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - March 15, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Ifaz T Haider, John Goldak, Hanspeter Frei Source Type: research
Factors influencing taper failure of modular revision hip stems
The numbers of revisions of both primary and revision hip implantations are steadily increasing [1]. Revision rates for first revision at 10 years in national arthroplasty registries of between 3% and 20% are reported [2 –10]. Revision rates of primary implantations in the same registries are much lower (between 2% and 4% if metal-on-metal bearing articulations are omitted) [6,64]. Revision implantation is more challenging than a primary procedure as bone stock has often been lost due to stress shielding and the o perative removal of the primary implant and the cement mantle, mostly in the proximal region. (Source: Medic...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - February 27, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: A. Krull, M.M. Morlock, N.E. Bishop Source Type: research
A computational framework for simultaneous estimation of muscle and joint contact forces and body motion using optimization and surrogate modeling
Modeling and simulation of muscle and joint contact forces has the potential to improve patient care for movement-related disorders. Reliable concurrent estimation of these forces along with joint kinematics could be used to predict joint replacement performance, surgical outcomes, and rehabilitation strategies for a variety of musculoskeletal disorders. Most studies that predict muscle and joint contact forces model biological joints as constraint-based engineering joints. In those studies, muscle and joint contact forces are calculated by following a two-step process: (1) Muscle forces are computed using a multibody dyna...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - February 24, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Ilan Eskinazi, Benjamin J. Fregly Source Type: research
