Non-linear finite element model to assess the effect of tendon forces on the foot-ankle complex
Foot finite element (FE) models have been developed during the last three decades improving their features as computational capacity and constitutive models for biological tissues were improving. Mechanical behavior of bone has been well addressed, but foot soft tissues approaches are still evolving [1]. Advances have been achieved in simulating the non-linear behavior of foot plantar soft tissue and refined constitutive models with real geometries of ligaments are currently used in foot modeling. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - August 11, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Enrique Morales-Orcajo, Thales R. Souza, Javier Bayod, Estevam Barbosa de Las Casas Source Type: research
Special Issue on “Frontier Biomechanical Challenges in Cardiovascular Physiopathology”
This special issue collects a number of original contributions, which were presented and discussed during the thematic Symposium organized by the Italian Chapter of the European Society of Biomechanics (ESB) in collaboration with the Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (ISMETT – IRCCS), the Fondazione RiMED and the University of Palermo. The Symposium focused on recent advances in cardiovascular biomechanics, and the promise they hold for clinical therapeutic strategies and future research. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - August 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Salvatore Pasta, Massimiliano Zingales Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - August 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
Herringbone-like hydrodynamic structures in microchannels: A CFD model to evaluate the enhancement of surface binding
A wide selection of assays in life sciences is based on inducing/monitoring the immobilization/adsorption of molecules, in solution, onto a dedicated surface within a microchannel (e.g. DNA or protein detection, drug discovery [1 –3]). The selected surface is usually chemically treated with a specific ‘receptor molecule’, but the efficiency of the adsorption process strongly depends on the availability of target molecules in the fluidic volume close to the binding surface. The necessity of using a small sample volume, in case of rare samples and/or large number of measurements, has led to the development of miniaturi...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - August 9, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Elena Bianchi, Monica Piergiovanni, Chiara Arrigoni, Junji Fukuda, Alfonso Gautieri, Matteo Moretti, Gabriele Dubini Source Type: research
Synergistic experimental and numerical characterization of a dry-heat, fluid-warming device
Fluid warming devices are widely utilized to provide body fluids of appropriate temperature such as blood and saline during the course of operations. The need for blood or saline infusion may be due to many causes. Hypothermia often occurs in anaesthetized or sedated patients [1], especially in trauma patients [2]. Rapid infusion of unwarmed blood may result in lowering the core temperature [3] which, in effect, causes cardiac arrhythmias, coagulopathy, and increased mortality rates [4,5]. However, regardless of the cause, the need for a fluid-warming device is universal. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - August 8, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Winston Tan, Eph M. Sparrow, John M. Gorman, Jungwon Ahn Source Type: research
Image-based immersed boundary model of the aortic root
Worldwide, 300,000 heart valve repair or replacement procedures are performed each year [1 –3], and this rate is projected to increase to 850,000/year by 2050 [2]. Treatment for severe stenosis of the aortic heart valve is generally to replace the native valve with either a mechanical or a bioprosthetic valve [4], and in the United States alone, approximately 70,000 aortic valve replace ments are performed every year [5]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - August 1, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Ali Hasan, Ebrahim M. Kolahdouz, Andinet Enquobahrie, Thomas G. Caranasos, John P. Vavalle, Boyce E. Griffith Source Type: research
Does stabilization of the degenerative lumbar spine itself produce multifidus atrophy?
Instability of the spine may have several causes, including degenerative disease, trauma, or cancer. For the treatment of instability of the spine, spinal stabilization through several types of instruments is the major surgical option. However, subsequent mechanical change and physiological alteration can cause a secondary problem in the spinal column. Furthermore, several clinical studies have shown that iatrogenic injuries to the paraspinal muscles during posterior lumbar surgery cause a reduction in their cross-sectional area over time post-surgery [1 –3]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 31, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Young Eun Kim, Hae Won Choi Source Type: research
In vitro performance of a shape memory polymer foam-coated coil embolization device
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), bleeding into the subarachnoid space in the brain due to intracranial aneurysm rupture, is marked by significant morbidity and mortality rates. Incidence of aSAH occurs in 9.7 –14.5 out of every 100,000 adults in the United States where at least 25% of patients die and approximately 50% of survivors are left with persistent neurological deficit [1]. Standard endovascular treatment of intracranial saccular aneurysms involves the delivery and implantation of embolization coil devices into the aneurysm to promote thrombus formation, tissue healing, and neointimal growth across the ...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 31, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Anthony J. Boyle, Mark A. Wierzbicki, Scott Herting, Andrew C. Weems, Adam Nathan, Wonjun Hwang, Duncan J. Maitland Source Type: research
Influence of design features of tibial stems in total knee arthroplasty on tibial bone remodeling behaviors
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which is an effective treatment of advanced arthritis of the knee, is expected with a consecutive distinct increasing applications [1,2]. However, 13% and 30% of TKA patients experience pain in short term and long term respectively [3], which may be caused by multifactorial etiology [4]. In addition, it was found that mechanical loosening was the most common reason for tibial component revision (24.6%) [5]. Several authors indicated that inadequate bone stock caused by stress shielding and stress concentration increases the risk of prosthesis loosening and periprosthetic fracture, and also tr...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 29, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Zhengbin Jia, He Gong, Shimin Hu, Juan Fang, Ruoxun Fan Source Type: research
The variation in frequency locations in Doppler ultrasound spectra for maximum blood flow velocities in narrowed vessels
The variation in the maximum blood flow velocity, which corresponds to the maximum frequency shift in the results of a Doppler ultrasound test, can reflect the blood flow conditions of vessels [1]. Accordingly, several parameters are used to diagnose cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, stroke, etc.). These parameters include the systole and diastole (S/D) velocity ratio, resistance index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) [2,3]. It is significant to accurately estimate the maximum blood flow velocity in vessels, especially for those with different degrees of stenosis. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 28, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Yingyun Zhang, Yufeng Zhang, Lian Gao, Li Deng, Xiao Hu, Kexin Zhang, Haiyan Li Source Type: research
Development of an acoustic measurement protocol to monitor acetabular implant fixation in cementless total hip Arthroplasty: A preliminary study
A large number of total hip arthroplasties (THA) are performed each year, during which the hip joint is replaced by an artificial joint. Over the past 30 years the number of THA increased by almost 200% in Sweden [1]. 12% –13% of all performed THA is revision surgery, for which aseptic loosening is reported to be the most common diagnosis [1]. Besides the design, material composition and surface characteristics, obtaining a proper intra-operative initial stability is one of the crucial factors necessary for a long term secondary stability [2]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 28, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Quentin Goossens, Steven Leuridan, Petr Heny š, Jorg Roosen, Leonard Pastrav, Michiel Mulier, Wim Desmet, Kathleen Denis, Jos Vander Sloten Source Type: research
What are the six degree-of-freedom errors of a robotically-machined femoral cavity in total hip arthroplasty and are they clinically important? An in-vitro study
Machining a femoral cavity with position and orientation accurate to the planned cavity is important in robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA). Fixation of cementless femoral components is initially achieved with a press fit, and therefore the position and orientation of the machined cavity dictates the placement of the femoral component. Errors in the position and/or orientation of the machined cavity translate to error in femoral component placement. In which case, the patient's femoral anteversion (FA), femoral offset (FO), and vertical offset (VO) may not be set according to the preoperative plan and may subsequen...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 25, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Chih Ming Hsieh, Stephen M. Howell, Maury L. Hull Source Type: research
A coupled mitral valve —left ventricle model with fluid–structure interaction
The mitral valve (MV) has a complex structure that includes two distinct asymmetric leaflets, a mitral annulus, and chordae tendineae that connect the leaflets to papillary muscles that attach to the wall of the left ventricle (LV). MV dysfunction remains a major medical problem because of its close link to cardiac dysfunction leading to morbidity and premature mortality [1]. (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 25, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Hao Gao, Liuyang Feng, Nan Qi, Colin Berry, Boyce E. Griffith, Xiaoyu Luo Source Type: research
Investigation of the feasibility of non-invasive optical sensors for the quantitative assessment of dehydration
Dehydration is a common consequence of acute diarrhea which is characterized by an excessive loss of body water, accompanied by a disruption of metabolic processes. While dehydration affects individuals of all ages, it is particularly life threatening in infants. This is because of their high turnover of fluids and solutes, which can be as much as three times that of adults due to their higher metabolic rates, increased surface area to volume ratio and higher total body water content [1]. Without appropriate intervention dehydration can cause hypovolemic shock due to loss of blood volume, organ failure and even death [2 ...
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 19, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Cobus Visser, Eduard Kieser, Kiran Dellimore, Dawie van den Heever, Johan Smith Source Type: research
Robotic assistants in personal care: A scoping review
This article aims to present technological advances in the field of personal care robotics for the application of assistance with activities of daily living (ADL). (Source: Medical Engineering and Physics)
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - July 19, 2017 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: A. Bilyea, N. Seth, S. Nesathurai, H.A. Abdullah Source Type: research
