Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Role of Superior Oblique Posterior Tenectomy Along With Inferior Rectus Recessions for the Treatment of Chin-up Head Positioning in Patients With Nystagmus
Patients with nystagmus commonly adopt an abnormal head position to dampen their nystagmus, thus potentiating their visual acuity. In 1953, Anderson and Kestenbaum independently first described the surgical correction for anomalous head posturing in patients with the null point in side gaze.1 –3 In cases of an eccentric nystagmus null point, where there was a diminution of the nystagmus in either right or left gaze, Anderson described a recession of the ipsilateral medial rectus muscle to the side of the face turn and recession of the contralateral lateral rectus muscle to achieve a nu ll point (Source: Journal of Pediat...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - May 29, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Anna G. Escuder, MD Source Type: research

Sclopetaria Following Penetrating Orbital Arrow
A healthy 10-year-old boy presented to the emergency department after sustaining a penetrating foreign body injury to the right orbit. He was holding a target while another boy was shooting a blunt tip arrow. The arrow entered the right orbit laterally, directing inferiorly and posteriorly adjacent to the globe. X-ray showed the orbital portion of the arrow segment to be approximately 7 cm with the tip resting at the level of the maxilla (Figure 1A). The arrow was removed under general anesthesia without complications; there was no evidence of globe violation. Dilated funduscopic examination (Source: Journal of Pediatric O...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - May 29, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: David S. Walton, MD Source Type: research

Comparison Study of Funduscopic Examination Using a Smartphone-Based Digital Ophthalmoscope and the Direct Ophthalmoscope
In the United States and abroad, the use of smartphones is ubiquitous in everyday life and has strongly influenced our culture. This revolution in technology has provided us with utilitarian devices that are portable, easy to learn and use, and compatible with applications (apps) that fill a variety of niches. These features are what make smartphones so relevant to health care, although they remain a resource in medicine that is still vastly untapped. However, new telemedicine-based apps and accessories are being developed in the field of ophthalmology that allow the user to capture images or (Source: Journal of Pediatric ...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - May 29, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Amy Ruomei Wu, BA Source Type: research

Avoid Performing Surgery on the Wrong Eye in Pediatric Ophthalmology
Wrong-site surgery should be a much more preventable occurrence in pediatric ophthalmology because new protocols have been adapted. The standard protocol as outlined by Maloley et al. in this issue involves three specific parts: preoperative verification, surgical site marking, and time-out immediately prior to incision. I believe that it should be mandatory for the surgeon to review the records of the planned surgery just before starting the surgery. This will reinforce the correct site and the specific surgical procedure to be performed. I was surprised that 34.6% of the respondents in the (Source: Journal of Pediatric O...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - May 29, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Leonard B. Nelson, MD, MBA Source Type: research

“Turn on the Lights”
A 10-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with loss of consciousness after being trapped in a building that caught on fire. She was previously healthy with no medical or ocular history and no pertinent family history. The child was intubated in the emergency department and was treated for carbon monoxide poisoning and second degree burns over her left lower leg. She was extubated several days later and regained consciousness; the first thing she said was: “Turn on the lights!” The child also reported having continuous headaches. Ophthalmology was consulted and examination found (Source: Journal of Pediat...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - May 29, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: David S. Walton, MD Source Type: research

Optical Coherence Tomography in Children With Microtropia
Microtropia is an adaptation of binocular vision by a monocular alteration of undefined etiology. There are various theories for its origin, which range from anisometropic refractive defects1 to difficulty in bifoveal fixation or even genetic predisposition.2 The concept of microtropia was introduced by Lang during the International Symposium on Strabismus, celebrated in Giessen in 1966. It is described as a primary ocular deviation of less than 10 prism diopters (PD) associated with harmonious anomalous retinal correspondence and reduced stereopsis.3 This harmonious anomalous retinal (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalm...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - May 29, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Manuel Ángel García-García, OD, MSc Source Type: research

Primary Intraocular Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor Without Extrascleral Compromise
Malignant rhabdoid tumor is a rare childhood tumor that was first described as an aggressive variant of Wilm's tumor1,2 because it commonly arises in the kidneys. It is now known that it may also affect other tissues. Several cases of malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor involving the orbit have been described as both primary forms or metastases.3 –11 Further reports include one described as an intraocular metastasis12 and one as an intraocular primary tumor without systemic involvement.1 The radiological features and imaging of malignant rhabdoid tumor are unspecific but serve to assess the (Source: Journal of Pediatric ...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - April 24, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Eva Ayala Barroso, MD Source Type: research

Iris Hypoplasia as the Presenting Sign of Retinoblastoma in a Child With a 13q Deletion
After the first 13q deletion syndrome case was described in 1963, approximately 180 cases associated with partial or complete deletion of the long arm (q) of chromosome 13 have been reported in medical literature. The various clinical features of this rare syndrome have been established and include moderate to severe mental retardation, growth delay, facial dysmorphic features, limb defects, digestive anomalies, deafness, and various other malformations of the brain, kidney, heart, or eye. Retinoblastoma is the most concerning ocular finding associated with the 13q deletion syndrome.1 The (Source: Journal of Pediatric Opht...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - April 24, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Sona Shah, BA Source Type: research

Time and Factors Affecting the Direction of Re-drift in Essential Infantile Esotropia
Although exotropic or esotropic drift after surgical correction for infantile esotropia has been reported to be common, the onset time and factors of the re-drift have not been well studied. Recurrence after infantile esotropia surgery was reported to occur at various postoperative periods.1,2 Although the onset of overcorrection after esotropia surgery was also reported to be variable, several studies suggested a long latency period before the development of overcorrection.1,3,4 In a previous study, the time interval between original surgery and reoperation for overcorrection was reported to (Source: Journal of Pediatric ...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - March 16, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Kun-Hoo Na, MD Source Type: research

Immediate Preoperative and Postoperative Management for Strabismus Surgery
Wagner: Our topic today is immediate preoperative and postoperative management of patients having strabismus surgery. What is your routine practice? Do you measure them at all on the day of surgery? Burke: I like to have a measurement within 1 month of a surgical procedure. According to one of the presentations at this meeting, that recommended time frame may have changed. If the patient has an angle that seems to be variable, then I will remeasure two or three times until stable. I don't feel the need to measure them the day of the surgery. Wagner: Have you ever brought a prism bar with you on (Source: Journal of Pediatri...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - March 16, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Miles J. Burke, MD, FAAP Source Type: research

The Preferred Postoperative Alignment in Infantile Esotropia
What is the preferred deviation in the immediate postoperative period following surgery for infantile esotropia? This is a difficult question to answer, although many have tried. It is clear that the initial deviation may not be stable and may continue to change during the years following surgery. In this issue, Na et al. identified factors associated with re-drift in patients with infantile esotropia. They found a significant difference in the development pattern between esotropic and exotropic drift in that recurrent esotropia occurred predominantly within postoperative year 1, whereas (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophth...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - March 16, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Rudolph S. Wagner, MD Source Type: research

“My Baby's Eyes Are Cloudy”
A 2-month-old male infant was referred for glaucoma goniosurgery with a history of cloudy corneas since birth and poor therapeutic response to topical glaucoma medications and acetazolamide. On examination, this male infant was found to be healthy, with good head control and moderate avoidance of bright light. On eye examination, diffuse corneal clouding was present with moderate corneal enlargement and estimated horizontal corneal diameters of 12.5 mm in both eyes. The intraocular pressures by Perkins applanation tonometry were 32 mm Hg in both eyes. The anterior chambers were abnormally (Source: Journal of Pediatric Opht...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - March 16, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: David S. Walton, MD Source Type: research

Pediatric Orbital Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors
Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are embryonal neoplasms that originate from the neural crest cells.1 They are a heterogenous group of malignant neuroepithelial tumors having small round cells that occur mostly in children and young adults. Initially, it was believed that central the nervous system was the most common site of PNETs. However, because they were seen outside of the central nervous system, PNETs were reclassified as central PNET and peripheral PNET. Orbital PNET is a subtype of peripheral PNET.2 Orbital PNET shows varying degrees of neural differentiation. Histopathology (Source: Journal of Pediatric O...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - March 16, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Tayyab Afghani, MS Source Type: research

Horizontal Deviations in Congenital Brown Syndrome
Brown syndrome is an ocular motility disorder characterized by limited active and passive eye elevation in adduction.1 Patients with vertical deviation in primary position, compensatory head position, or significant downshoot in adduction (often termed Brown syndrome “plus”) usually require surgical correction, whereas less severe cases are often observed without surgery.2,3 Surgical options for Brown syndrome involve weakening or elongation of the superior oblique tendon by Z-tenotomy,4 tenectomy,5 silicone band tendon lengthening,3 split tendon lengthening ,6 or posterior tenectomy.7 (Source: Journal of Pediatric Oph...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - March 16, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Gad Dotan, MD Source Type: research

Double Rhomboid Suture Technique for Congenital Ptosis
Congenital ptosis is one of the many ophthalmic conditions for which a preferred method of treatment has yet to be determined. The most common operation is a frontalis sling, yet the method by which this is performed varies widely from surgeon to surgeon. Materials that have been used include autologous grafts, bioengineered slings, and plain sutures. Speed of the surgery, reoperation rates, and complication rates are of the utmost importance, especially with the potential need to bring a pediatric patient back to undergo general anesthesia. We reviewed the records of one pediatric (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - March 16, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Austin Bach, DO, MPH Source Type: research