Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Treatment of Unicameral Bone Cysts of the Proximal Femur With Internal Fixation Lessens the Risk of Additional Surgery
Unicameral bone cysts, also known as simple bone cysts, are benign, fluid-filled lytic lesions that most commonly occur during childhood or adolescence.1 –6 They typically present as solitary lesions and have up to a 3:1 predominance in males. Unicameral bone cysts typically develop in the metaphysis, migrating toward the diaphysis as patients age, and are most commonly found in the proximal humerus and proximal femur. Histologically, these lesions are defined as fluid-filled cysts with a thin fibrous membrane on the inner surface with interspersed giant cells. They typically contain a high (Source: Journal of Pediatric ...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Benjamin Wilke, MD Source Type: research

Risk Factors for Hospital Admission Following Arthroscopic Bankart Repair
Shoulder instability is a common problem, having a reported incidence of 1.7% in the United States.1 Typically, a traumatic event results in dislocation and injury to the stabilizing structures of the shoulder. Anterior dislocation occurs approximately 90% of the time and may result in injury to the anteroinferior labrum (Bankart lesion) or fracture of the anterior aspect of the glenoid (bony Bankart lesion), leading to shoulder instability.2 This instability is commonly addressed by repair of the Bankart lesion via open or arthroscopic methods, with most of the current procedures being (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophtha...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Steven F. DeFroda, MD, MEng Source Type: research

Metal Allergy as a Cause of Implant Failure in Shoulder Arthroplasty
Shoulder arthroplasty generally results in durable reduction of pain and improvements in patient function.1 –5 In the few instances in which these goals are not achieved, a cause such as mechanical implant failure, soft tissue failure, or infection can often be identified.6 However, when the reason for a poorly functioning arthroplasty remains elusive, more infrequent causes of implant failure, such as metal allergy, may be considered. Allergy, or hypersensitivity, to the metal that orthopedic components contain is a relatively uncommon and poorly understood cause of implant failure. Allergic (Source: Journal of Pediatri...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Jia-Wei Kevin Ko, MD Source Type: research

Valve or No Valve: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of Casting Options for Pediatric Forearm Fractures
Fractures of the forearm are the most common reason children seek orthopedic care.1 The initial management of those fractures with unacceptable displacement and/or angulation typically involves closed reduction, with or without sedation, and immobilization with a cast or a splint.2 If a cast is applied, significant variation exists among institutions nationally regarding the acute management of the cast. There are no consensus data on the type of cast material used, whether the cast ends above or below the elbow, and whether the cast is split at the time of application.3 Splitting of a (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthal...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Paul C. Baldwin III, MD Source Type: research

Performance and Return to Sport After Nonoperative Treatment of Clavicle Fractures in National Football League Players
Clavicle fractures are common injuries in contact sports, accounting for 10% of all sports-related fractures.1,2 The incidence is likely to rise secondary to an increase in athletic participation. The clavicle is prone to fracture because it is the primary stabilizer of the shoulder girdle.3,4 The clavicle connects the axial skeleton to the upper extremity, contributes to the motion and stability of the upper extremity, and provides protection to the underlying neurovascular structures. This relationship is important for both skill (throwing and catching) and non-skill (blocking and tackling) (Source: Journal of Pediatric ...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Robert A. Jack II, MD Source Type: research

The Intra-articular “Wave Sign” as a Landmark for Suture Anchor Placement in Arthroscopic Remplissage
Shoulder instability is a common phenomenon, especially for young athletic populations, and can lead to pain, disability, and inability to participate in sports.1 For patients with traumatic shoulder instability involving glenoid bone loss and engaging Hill-Sachs lesions, arthroscopic remplissage, in conjunction with an arthroscopic Bankart repair, is a reliable solution for restoring shoulder stability with low complication rates.1 –4 Remplissage is a capsulotenodesis of the infraspinatus tendon and posterior joint capsule to the surface of the Hill-Sachs lesion. Although remplissage is (Source: Journal of Pediatric Oph...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Cynthia A. Kahlenberg, MD Source Type: research

Factors Influencing Orthopedic Surgery Residents' Choice of Subspecialty Fellowship
Orthopedic surgery fellowships are a common aspect of the current training paradigm. Studies have shown that more than 90% of orthopedic surgery residents will pursue a fellowship.1,2 Choosing to pursue a fellowship has a profound impact on young orthopedic surgeons and will influence practice characteristics for the remainder of their career.3,4 The decision to invest another year of training into becoming a subspecialist is one of great import.5,6 There are many reasons, including market pressure, pursuit of academic goals, refinement of surgical and clinical skill, desire for higher (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthal...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Joseph J. Kavolus, MD, MSCR Source Type: research

Surgeons' Perspectives on Premium Implants in Total Joint Arthroplasty
During the past 20 years, increasing costs for total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty have outpaced increases in reimbursement.1 Implant costs can comprise up to 50% of Medicare's reimbursement for the entire procedure and hospitalization.2,3 This rise in costs without a commensurate rise in reimbursement threatens hospitals' financial stability and may therefore reduce patient access to care. In response, numerous cost-containment strategies have been proposed and implemented to reign in these costs. Value-based alternative payment models such as the Medicare bundled payment (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophth...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Amy S. Wasterlain, MD Source Type: research

Pain and Opioid Use After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty With Injectable Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Interscalene Block
Postoperative pain control is a primary concern for surgeons and patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty. Poorly managed postoperative pain can compromise patient satisfaction, rehabilitation, and outcomes.1 The use of parenteral narcotics has been the main-stay of treatment for acute postoperative pain.2 –4 However, the use of opioid pain medication is associated with increased cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurologic adverse events.5 Further, wound complications may be more common with the use of opioid analgesics as a result of respiratory depression and lower blood (Source: Journal of Pediatric Oph...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Marc R. Angerame, MD Source Type: research

Tibiofemoral Instability After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: Posterior-Stabilized Implants for Obese Patients
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which is one of the most common orthopedic surgical procedures, is a proven treatment option for end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee. However, instability is an increasingly frequent complication of primary and revision TKA, and it accounts for up to 22% of all knee revision procedures.1 –6 Instability has been reported as the second most common reason for revision TKA in the first 5 years after primary TKA, after periprosthetic infection.1,5,7 However, clinically apparent and radiographically obvious overt instability is rare, and dislocation is even rarer. (Source: Journal of Pediatric O...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 10, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Ata Can, MD Source Type: research

The Efficacy of Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession According to Secondary Deviation Measurements in Unilateral Exotropic Duane Retraction Syndrome
Exotropic Duane retraction syndrome with abnormal head turn posture toward the opposite side (usually referred to as type II Duane retraction syndrome) is less common than esotropic or orthotropic Duane retraction syndrome and there are limited data regarding the outcome of different surgical approaches. Exotropic Duane retraction syndrome is believed to occur when the force generated by the lateral rectus muscle through dysinnervation is greater than the corresponding force of the medial rectus muscle.1 All patients with exotropic Duane retraction syndrome have an adduction deficit and many (Source: Journal of Pediatric O...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 9, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Daphna Mezad-Koursh, MD Source Type: research

Surgical Outcome of Intermittent Exotropia With Improvement in Control Grade Subsequent to Part-time Preoperative Occlusion Therapy
Intermittent exotropia is the most frequent type of strabismus encountered in childhood and accounts for more than 50% of cases of exotropia in children.1 In addition to surgery, management of intermittent exotropia includes orthoptic exercises, minus lenses or prisms, and part-time occlusion regimens.2 Freeman and Isenberg3 reported that all 11 patients in their study who underwent part-time patch occlusion of the non-deviating eye for 4 to 6 hours a day converted to heterophoria or orthophoria, at least temporarily. In Cotter et al.'s4 study of 358 children between the ages of 3 and 11 (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophth...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 9, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Seung Pil Bang, MD Source Type: research

The Treatment of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Children: A Retrospective Review
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is a common issue encountered in pediatric ophthalmology, occurring in up to 6% of newborns.1 Although obstruction can occur at any place along the nasolacrimal drainage system, congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction most frequently involves a failure of patency in the nasal mucosa.2,3 Conservative treatment consisting of observation, massage of the lacrimal sac, and topical antibiotics is recommended because spontaneous resolution occurs in many patients.4 If symptoms persist, the primary intervention is probing of the nasolacrimal system.3 (Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 9, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: H. Sprague Eustis, MD Source Type: research

Endophthalmitis Following Pediatric Cataract Surgery: An International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council Global Perspective
Endophthalmitis following pediatric cataract surgery is a potentially blinding complication.1,2 Due to its low incidence (0% to 0.45%),3 –10 it is difficult to conduct large-scale prospective studies. Our limited knowledge of this condition is derived from data extrapolated from studies on adults11 and the scarce pediatric literature available that consists mostly of case reports and small series. Collecting information worldwide c an potentially enhance our understanding and decrease the occurrence of endophthalmitis following pediatric cataract surgery. The purpose of this study was to (Source: Journal of Pediatric Oph...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 9, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Almutez M. Gharaibeh, MBBS Source Type: research

Asymptomatic Leukemic Optic Nerve Infiltration as Presentation of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Relapse
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common malignant disease of childhood, with a median age at diagnosis of 2 to 3 years. Prognosis is heavily correlated to age at diagnosis, with a 90% 5-year survival rate in children diagnosed at younger than the age of 15 years and a 75% 5-year survival rate for children diagnosed between the ages of 15 and 19 years. Risk factors include radiation exposure, inherited mutations that damage DNA repair, and conditions such as Down syndrome, neurofibromatosis, and ataxia telangiectasia, although most patients have no identifiable risk factors. Leukemia (Source: Journal of Pediatric Op...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - October 9, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Jane Caty, MD Source Type: research