Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Risk Factors for Poststroke Depression: Identification of Inconsistencies Based on a Systematic Review
Conclusions: Many risk factors are investigated over the last 2 decades and large controversy exists concerning risk factors for development of PSD. These contradictions may largely be reduced to major differences in clinical data, study population, and methodology, which underline the need for more synchronized studies. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - August 14, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: De Ryck, A., Brouns, R., Geurden, M., Elseviers, M., De Deyn, P. P., Engelborghs, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment Using the Dementia Rating Scale-2
This study examined the sensitivity and specificity of the Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2) to distinguish individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from both patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and healthy controls (HCs). A total of 50 HCs, 98 patients with MCI, and 49 patients with AD completed a neurological examination and battery of neuropsychological tests that included the DRS-2. Across almost all subscales of the DRS-2, patients with AD scored significantly worse than patients with MCI who in turn performed more poorly than the HCs. The only exception was the construction subscale where no significan...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Springate, B. A., Tremont, G., Papandonatos, G., Ott, B. R. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Adverse Childhood and Recent Negative Life Events: Contrasting Associations With Cognitive Decline in Older Persons
Conclusions: Childhood adversity may cause biological or psychological vulnerability, which is associated with both depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in later life. The accumulation of recent negative life events did not affect cognitive functioning over a longer time period. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Korten, N. C. M., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Pot, A. M., Deeg, D. J. H., Comijs, H. C. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Polymorphism in Cytochrome P450 2D6, Glutathione S-Transferases Pi 1 Genes, and Organochlorine Pesticides in Alzheimer Disease: A Case-Control Study in North Indian Population
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the GSTP1*B and *C allelic variants may be considered a candidate gene for AD. It can be suggested that although CYP2D6*4 polymorphism is not a risk of AD, the CYP2D6*4 and GSTP1 polymorphism may interact with β-HCH, dieldrin, and copper to influence the risk of AD. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Singh, N. K., Banerjee, B. D., Bala, K., Basu, M., Chhillar, N. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Development and Validation of the Identification and Intervention for Dementia in Elderly Africans (IDEA) Study Dementia Screening Instrument
Conclusions: The 6-item brief dementia screening instrument has acceptable properties and will be further tested and validated during future fieldwork. Although developed for use in sub-Saharan Africa, it may be of use in other world regions where the use of other cognitive screening instruments may result in bias due to low levels of formal education. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Gray, W. K., Paddick, S.-M., Kisoli, A., Dotchin, C. L., Longdon, A. R., Chaote, P., Samuel, M., Jusabani, A. M., Walker, R. W. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Validation of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Discriminant Power of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Subtests in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Dementia in Turkish Population
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a new cognitive tool developed for screening mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The authors examined validity of MoCA and discriminating power of subtests in a Turkish population comprising of 474 participants (246 healthy controls, 114 subjects with MCI and 114 subjects with dementia). The ANCOVAs showed that age and education had a main effect on MoCA scores. Cut scores were computed according to different education levels. The overall cut-off values for MCI and dementia were found to be lower compared to western studies. MoCA was found to have good internal consistency. The subtests...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Kaya, Y., Aki, O. E., Can, U. A., Derle, E., Kibaroğlu, S., Barak, A. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Depressive Symptoms and Longitudinal Changes in Cognition: Women's Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging
We examined the association of elevated DS with domain-specific cognitive changes and the moderating role of cardiovascular risk factor severity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). A total of 2221 elderly women who participated in the Women’s Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging were separated into those with (N = 204) and without (N = 2017) elevated DS. The DS and multidomain cognitive outcomes were measured annually for an average follow-up of 5.04 years. Women with elevated DS showed baseline multidomain cognitive deficits but longitudinal declines in global cognition only. Persistent DS was related to greater...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Goveas, J. S., Espeland, M. A., Hogan, P. E., Tindle, H. A., Shih, R. A., Kotchen, J. M., Robinson, J. G., Barnes, D. E., Resnick, S. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The Lawton Instrumental Activities Daily Living/Activities Daily Living Scales: A Sensitive Test to Alzheimer Disease in Community-Dwelling Elderly People?
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the Lawton IADLs-4 item scale and ADLs scale lack sensitivity to AD dementia in elderly people and support a better sensitivity of MOCA rather than MMSE and IADLs-4 item/ADLs at the expense of specificity. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Koskas, P., Henry-Feugeas, M. C., Feugeas, J. P., Poissonnet, A., Pons-Peyneau, C., Wolmark, Y., Drunat, O. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The Relationships Between Poor Sleep Efficiency and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson Disease
Conclusions: These data suggest that PD-MCI is associated with greater sleep disturbance and nontremor features of PD. This is further evidence for the potential role that sleep disturbance plays in the heterogeneity of PD. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Gunn, D. G., Naismith, S. L., Terpening, Z., Lewis, S. J. G. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Clinical and Cognitive Correlates of Structural Hippocampal Change in "At-Risk" Older Adults
In this study, we examined the change in the volume of the hippocampus over a 2-month period in 34 older people "at risk" of cognitive decline (mean age = 66.8 years, 38% male). Factors that were examined included cognitive reserve, neuropsychological functioning, depression as well as a lifestyle (cognitive training) intervention. The results showed that over a 2-month period, increases in hippocampal size were associated with having higher premorbid intellect, greater occupational attainment, superior memory, and higher levels of functioning. Conversely, depression and disability were associated with decreases in hippoca...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - May 12, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Elcombe, E. L., Lagopoulos, J., Mowszowski, L., Diamond, K., Paradise, M., Hickie, I. B., Lewis, S. J. G., Naismith, S. L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Neuroimaging Findings in Late-Onset Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in late-onset mental disorders. Among them, geriatric schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are significant health care risks and major causes of disability. We discussed whether late-onset schizophrenia (LOS) and late-onset bipolar (LOB) disorder can be a separate entity from early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) and early-onset bipolar (EOB) disorder in a subset of late-life schizophrenia or late-life bipolar disorder through neuroimaging studies. A literature search for imaging studies of LOS or LOB was performed in the PubMed database. Search terms used were "(imaging OR MR...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - January 31, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Hahn, C., Lim, H. K., Lee, C. U. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Type 2 Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: Contributions From Neuroimaging
This article provides a review of studies that have utilized structural and functional neuroimaging to identify neural pathways that link T2D to impaired cognitive performance and potentially AD. A primary focus of this article is the potential for neuroimaging to assist in understanding the mechanistic pathways that may provide translational opportunities for clinical intervention. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - January 31, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Ryan, J. P., Fine, D. F., Rosano, C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

A Review of Longitudinal Electroconvulsive Therapy: Neuroimaging Investigations
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for a depressive episode but the mechanism of action and neural correlates of response are poorly understood. Different theories have suggested that anticonvulsant properties or neurotrophic effects are related to the unique mechanism of action of ECT. This review assessed longitudinal imaging investigations (both structural and functional) associated with ECT response published from 2002 to August 2013. We identified 26 investigations that used a variety of different imaging modalities and data analysis methods. Despite these methodological differences, we su...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - January 31, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Abbott, C. C., Gallegos, P., Rediske, N., Lemke, N. T., Quinn, D. K. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predictors of Treatment Response in Late-Life Depression
This article provides a review of the current literature using structural and functional neuroimaging to identify MRI predictors of treatment response in LLD. The majority of the literature on structural MRI has focused on the vascular depression hypothesis, and studies support the view that loss of brain volume and white matter integrity was associated with poorer treatment outcomes. Studies using fMRI have reported that lower task-based activity in the prefrontal cortex and limbic regions was associated with poorer outcome. These imaging markers may be integrated into clinical decision making to attain better treatment o...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - January 31, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Aizenstein, H. J., Khalaf, A., Walker, S. E., Andreescu, C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Positron Emission Tomography Molecular Imaging in Late-Life Depression
Molecular imaging represents a bridge between basic and clinical neuroscience observations and provides many opportunities for translation and identifying mechanisms that may inform prevention and intervention strategies in late-life depression (LLD). Substantial advances in instrumentation and radiotracer chemistry have resulted in improved sensitivity and spatial resolution and the ability to study in vivo an increasing number of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and, importantly, neuropathological processes. Molecular brain imaging studies in LLD will be reviewed, with a primary focus on positron emission tomography. ...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - January 31, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Hirao, K., Smith, G. S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research