Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Brain Network Dysfunction in Late-Life Depression: A Literature Review
As a common psychiatric disorder in the growing geriatric population, late-life depression (LLD) has a negative impact on the cognitive, affective, and somatic domains of the lives of the elderly individuals. Accumulating evidence from the structural and functional imaging studies on LLD supports a "network dysfunction model" rather than a "lesion pathology model" for understanding the underlying biological mechanism in this mental disorder. In this work, we used network dysfunction model as a conceptual framework for reviewing recent neuroimaging findings in LLD. Our focus was on 4 major neurocircuits that have been shown...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - January 31, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tadayonnejad, R., Ajilore, O. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Recent Findings and Newer Paradigms of Neuroimaging Research in Geriatric Psychiatry
(Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - January 31, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Lim, H. K., Aizenstein, H. J. Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Lower Hippocampal Volume Predicts Decrements in Lane Control Among Drivers With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Conclusion: These findings suggest that there may be a link between hippocampal atrophy and difficulties with lane control in persons with amnestic MCI. Further study appears warranted to better discern patterns of brain atrophy in MCI and Alzheimer disease and whether these could be early markers of clinically meaningful driving risk. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Griffith, H. R., Okonkwo, O. C., Stewart, C. C., Stoeckel, L. E., Hollander, J. A. d., Elgin, J. M., Harrell, L. E., Brockington, J. C., Clark, D. G., Ball, K. K., Owsley, C., Marson, D. C., Wadley, V. G. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Delusions and Hallucinations in Persons With Dementia: A Comparison of the Perceptions of Formal and Informal Caregivers
This study compares formal and informal caregivers’ perceptions of delusions and hallucinations in older persons with dementia (PWDs). The study population consisted of 151 community-dwelling PWDs aged 65 and older, 90 formal caregivers, and 151 informal caregivers residing in Israel. Assessments included the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Rating Scale, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Etiological Assessment of Psychotic Symptoms in Dementia, Activities of Daily Living, and Mini-Mental State Examination. Informal caregivers reported higher rates and a higher level of severity of delusions and hallucinat...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Cohen-Mansfield, J., Golander, H., Heinik, J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Dementia: Diagnostic Value of the Amsterdam Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire
Conclusions: In this study, we showed a fair diagnostic accuracy for A-IADL-Q and an additional value in the diagnosis of dementia. These results support the role of A-IADL-Q as a valuable diagnostic tool. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Sikkes, S. A. M., Pijnenburg, Y. A. L., Knol, D. L., de Lange-de Klerk, E. S. M., Scheltens, P., Uitdehaag, B. M. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Apathy in Elderly Nondemented Patients With Parkinson's Disease: Clinical Determinants and Relationship to Quality of Life
Conclusions: Although apathy does not seem to be an independent predictor of worse QoL specifically in elderly patients with PD, it remains very relevant, as its presence increases caregiver burden. Both depression and potential dopaminergic treatment underdosing can be properly managed, thus potentially reducing the prevalence and severity of apathy in a proportion of the apathetic patients with PD. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Skorvanek, M., Rosenberger, J., Gdovinova, Z., Nagyova, I., Saeedian, R. G., Groothoff, J. W., Dijk, J. P. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Reliability and Validity of the Quality of Life-Alzheimer Disease Chinese Version
Conclusion: The findings support the use of the Chinese version of the QOL-AD as a generic instrument to measure QOL of AD in mainland China. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between patient and caregiver reports of patient QOL. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Yu, H.-M., He, R.-L., Ai, Y.-M., Liang, R.-F., Zhou, L.-Y. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Caregiver Burden and Needs in Frontotemporal Dementia
Conclusions: Support strategies should focus on information and psychosocial support. Given the low prevalence of FTD, internet- and telephone-based strategies appear suitable. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Diehl-Schmid, J., Schmidt, E.-M., Nunnemann, S., Riedl, L., Kurz, A., Forstl, H., Wagenpfeil, S., Cramer, B. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Physical and Sociopsychological Characteristics of Older Community Residents With Mild Cognitive Impairment as Assessed by the Japanese Version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Conclusions: Older persons with O-MCI defined by MoCA-J have partially decreased cognition and physical and sociopsychological functions. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Fujiwara, Y., Suzuki, H., Kawai, H., Hirano, H., Yoshida, H., Kojima, M., Ihara, K., Obuchi, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Association of Passive Smoking With Cognitive Impairment in Nonsmoking Older Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and a New Study of Chinese Cohort
Association of passive smoking with cognitive impairment in older adults is unclear. We carried out a systematic literature review and a new study to determine the association. There were 3 cross-sectional studies published, showing a significant association of passive smoking with cognitive impairment (a relative risk (RR) of about 1.30-1.90). In the new cohort study, we interviewed 1081 never-smoking participants aged ≥ 65 years in China using a standard method of the Geriatric Mental State–Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy and found a significant association with dose response; mult...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - November 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Chen, R., Hu, Z., Orton, S., Chen, R.-L., Wei, L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

The Stress Response to Surgery and Postoperative Delirium: Evidence of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hyperresponsiveness and Decreased Suppression of the GH/IGF-1 Axis
Conclusions: Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis hyperresponsiveness and a less frequent suppression of the GH/IGF-1 axis in response to acute stress are possibly involved in delirium pathophysiology. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - August 23, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Cerejeira, J., Batista, P., Nogueira, V., Vaz-Serra, A., Mukaetova-Ladinska, E. B. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

When One Loses Empathy: Its Effect on Carers of Patients With Dementia
The effects of empathy loss in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer disease (AD) on carer symptomatology were investigated. Carers of patients with 2 clinical subtypes of FTD (behavioral-variant FTD [bvFTD] = 18; semantic dementia [SD] = 14) and AD (n = 18) completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), a standardized questionnaire of empathy as well as a measure of perceived burden (Zarit Burden Interview) and the quality of the marital relationship (Intimate Bond Measure). Patient ratings were also obtained on the IRI. Loss of empathy was most striking in the bvFTD group with a marked discrepancy observed bet...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - August 23, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Hsieh, S., Irish, M., Daveson, N., Hodges, J. R., Piguet, O. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Emotion Recognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationship to Psychosocial Disability and Caregiver Burden
Conclusions: Impaired emotion recognition abilities impact MCI subtypes differentially. Interventions targeted at patients with MCI, and caregivers are warranted. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - August 23, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: McCade, D., Savage, G., Guastella, A., Hickie, I. B., Lewis, S. J. G., Naismith, S. L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Sleep Disturbance Correlates With White Matter Hyperintensity in Patients With Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Dementia
Conclusions: This study showed that manifestations of sleep disturbance were significantly associated with WMH severity, with most symptoms related to daytime hypersomnolence. Disruption of the frontal–subcortical neuronal circuit might play a role in sleep disturbance in patients with SIVD. (Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology)
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - August 23, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Cheng, C.-Y., Tsai, C.-F., Wang, S.-J., Hsu, C.-Y., Fuh, J.-L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Clock Drawing Test: Is It Useful for Dementia Screening in Patients Having Parkinson Disease With and Without Depression?
Despite the wide use of clock drawing tests (CDTs) for screening cognitive impairment, their use in patients having Parkinson disease (PD) with dementia has not been systematically investigated until date. In this cross-sectional study, neurological and neuropsychiatric statuses of 1449 outpatients having PD with and without dementia were comprehensively assessed. The CDT revealed cognitive impairment in 42.7% of the 1383 patients whose drawings were available. Overall, CDT sensitivity and specificity were 70.7% and 68.9%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 48.0% and 85.3%, respectively. In pati...
Source: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology - August 23, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Riedel, O., Klotsche, J., Forstl, H., Wittchen, H.-U., for the GEPAD Study Group Tags: Articles Source Type: research