The Role of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in the Evaluation of the Whole Brain in Isolated Unilateral Polymicrogyria
The aim is to evaluate normal-appearing brain regions in isolated unilateral polymicrogyria patients and compare them with controls by using diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient. The diffusion-weighted images (b = 0-1000 s/mm2) of 10 pediatric patients (7 boys, 3 girls; mean age = 5.8 ± 4.3 years) with isolated unilateral polymicrogyria and age-sex matched 10 control patients were assessed retrospectively. There was a significant increase in apparent diffusion coefficient values of white matter underlying polymicrogyria, uninvolved white matter, deep gray matter (thalami, lentiform nuclei, c...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Görkem, S. B., Doganay, S., Gumus, K., Bayram, A., Kumandas, S., Coskun, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Concussion Management in the Classroom
This study identifies the deficits in the knowledge of educators regarding concussions and classroom management as well as the significant improvement after an online educational module. (Source: Journal of Child Neurology)
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Graff, D. M., Caperell, K. S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis in Korea: Subgroup Analysis According to Sex and Onset Age
Juvenile myasthenia gravis presents before 18 years of age with different characteristics according to racial background and pubertal development. The authors aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents of Korean ethnicity with myasthenia gravis, and evaluate the presentation and clinical outcomes according to the sex and onset age of the patients. The authors recruited 88 Korean juvenile myasthenia gravis patients between September 2005 and August 2015. Worse clinical severity from presentation, more aggressive treatment strategies, and worse final treatment outcomes were noted in girls wit...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Lee, H. N., Kang, H.-C., Lee, J. S., Kim, H. D., Shin, H. Y., Kim, S. M., Sunwoo, I. N., Lee, Y.-M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Timing of Cognitive and Physical Rest and Recovery in Concussion
Immediate cognitive and physical rest in the concussed patient is almost universally recommended in the concussion literature. The authors conducted a prospective observational in a primary care pediatric office to examine the effect of delayed cognitive and physical rest had on recovery time in pediatric concussion. The authors found that patients who started cognitive and physical rest immediately after injury were more likely to recover within 30 days compared to patients who delayed cognitive and physical rest for 1-7 days after their injury (67% vs 35%, P = .016). Within the group of patients who recovered within 30 d...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Taubman, B., Rosen, F., McHugh, J., Grady, M. F., Elci, O. U. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Standardized Treatment of Neonatal Status Epilepticus Improves Outcome
In conclusion, standardized, protocol-driven treatment of neonatal status epilepticus improves consistency and short-term outcome. (Source: Journal of Child Neurology)
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Harris, M. L., Malloy, K. M., Lawson, S. N., Rose, R. S., Buss, W. F., Mietzsch, U. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Macrocephaly Is Not a Predictor of Optic Pathway Glioma Development or Treatment in Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a common neurogenetic disorder characterized by significant clinical variability. As such, numerous studies have focused on identifying clinical, radiographic, or molecular biomarkers that predict the occurrence or progression of specific clinical features in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1. One of these clinical biomarkers, macrocephaly, has been proposed as a prognostic factor for optic pathway glioma development. In the current study, the authors demonstrate that macrocephaly is not associated with the development of these brain tumors or the need to institute treatment for clinical...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Morris, S. M., Monroe, C. L., Gutmann, D. H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Utility of Whole Exome Sequencing for Genetic Diagnosis of Previously Undiagnosed Pediatric Neurology Patients
In conclusion, whole exome sequencing is useful in obtaining a high detection rate for previously undiagnosed disorders. Use of this technique could affect diagnosis, treatment, and prognostics for both patients and relatives. (Source: Journal of Child Neurology)
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kuperberg, M., Lev, D., Blumkin, L., Zerem, A., Ginsberg, M., Linder, I., Carmi, N., Kivity, S., Lerman-Sagie, T., Leshinsky-Silver, E. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Biopsy-Supported Tumefactive Demyelination of the Central Nervous System in Children
Pediatric tumefactive lesions remains challenging to clinicians in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The authors describe 11 children with biopsy-proven central nervous system tumefactive demyelination. The mean age of onset was 11 years. Clinical and radiological data coupled with biopsy aided in the diagnosis of tumefactive demyelination. Of the 6 cases in which oligoclonal band data were available, only 3 showed oligoclonal band in the cerebrospinal fluid. Due to poor recovery despite treatment with high-dose glucocorticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and/or plasmapheresis, 6 cases went on to receive cyclophospha...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Hanumanthe, S. B., Francisco, C., Hart, J., Graves, J., Waubant, E. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Pediatric Skull Base Meningiomas: Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes
The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical, pathological, and prognostic characteristics of pediatric skull base meningiomas. A retrospective analysis of 44 pediatric skull base patients younger than 18 years who underwent surgery at Beijing Tiantan Hospital was performed. The study group included 20 males and 24 females. Multiple lesions were seen in 8 patients. WHO grade I was found in 28 patients and higher grade was seen in 16 patients. Recurrence or progression occurred in 10 patients after the initial operation. The overall survival rate in the follow-up period for the entire cohort was 89.7%. The autho...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Li, Z., Li, H., Wang, S., Zhao, J., Cao, Y. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
JCN Calendar of Events
(Source: Journal of Child Neurology)
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - October 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: & lt;I gt;JCN lt;/I gt; Calendar of Events Source Type: research
Book Review: The Placenta and Neurodisability
(Source: Journal of Child Neurology)
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - October 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ream, M. A. Tags: Book Reviews Source Type: research
Book Review: Down Syndrome: Current Perspectives
(Source: Journal of Child Neurology)
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - October 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Twanow, J.-D. E. Tags: Book Reviews Source Type: research
Why Are Children With Epileptic Encephalopathies Encephalopathic?
The epileptic encephalopathies are devastating conditions characterized by frequent seizures, severely abnormal electroencephalograms (EEGs), and cognitive slowing or regression. The cognitive impairment in the epileptic encephalopathies may be more concerning to the patient and parents than the epilepsy itself. There is increasing recognition that the cognitive comorbidity can be both chronic, primarily due to the underlying etiology of the epilepsy, and dynamic or evolving because of recurrent seizures, interictal spikes, and antiepileptic drugs. Much of scholars’ understanding of the neurophysiological underpinnin...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - October 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Barry, J. M., Holmes, G. L. Tags: Topical Review Articles Source Type: research
Propofol Is Mitochondrion-Toxic and May Unmask a Mitochondrial Disorder
In conclusion, propofol is mitochondrion-toxic and mitochondrial disorder patients should not receive propofol in high dosages over a prolonged period of time. Short-term application of propofol should be safe even in mitochondrial disorder patients. Not only does propofol infusion syndrome occur in mitochondrial disorder patients, but mitochondrial disorder patients are likely at higher risk to develop propofol infusion syndrome. Patients who develop propofol infusion syndrome should be screened for mitochondrial disorder. Propofol infusion syndrome is preventable if risk factors are thoroughly assessed, and if long-term ...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - October 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Finsterer, J., Frank, M. Tags: Topical Review Articles Source Type: research
Analysis of Gait Disturbance in Glut 1 Deficiency Syndrome
Anticipating potential therapies for Glut 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) emphasizes the need for effective clinical outcome measures. The 6-minute walk test is a well-established outcome measure that evaluates walking ability in neurological diseases. Twenty-one children with Glut 1 deficiency syndrome and 21 controls performed the 6-minute walk test. Fatigue was determined by comparing distance walked in the first and sixth minutes. Gait was analyzed by stride length, velocity, cadence, base of support, and percentage time in double support. Independent sample t-tests examined differences between group. Repeated-measures...
Source: Journal of Child Neurology - October 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Blumenschine, M., Montes, J., Rao, A. K., Engelstad, K., De Vivo, D. C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
