Sunlight induced biosynthesis of silver nanoparticle from the bark extract of Amentotaxus assamica D.K. Ferguson and its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
This study deals with the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the bark extract of Amentotaxus assamica. The AgNPs have been synthesised by reducing the silver ions into stable AgNPs using the bark extract of Amentotaxus assamica under the influence of sunlight irradiation. The characterisation of the biosynthesised AgNPs was carried out by UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The UV–vis spectrum showed a broad peak at 472 nm. Also, the XRD confirmed the cryst...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - February 15, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using fungus Trichoderma sp. WL-Go and their catalysis in degradation of aromatic pollutants
This study provided a green gentle method for AuNPs synthesis as well as exhibiting efficient catalytic capability for degradation of aromatic pollutants. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - February 15, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Size effects of magnetic beads in circulating tumour cells magnetic capture based on streptavidin–biotin complexation
In this study, a cost-effective magnetic separation method, based on streptavidin–biotin complexation, was developed and the effects of magnetic beads’ size in CTCs capture were compared. Magnetic nanobeads which were 25 nm in diameter lead to highest capture efficiency (82.2%) compared with 150 nm magnetic beads and 1 µm microbeads. Based on the streptavidin–biotin system, 25 nm magnetic nanobeads could capture model CTCs over 80% efficiency even at concentrations as low as ∼25 cells/mL that may represent the actual level of CTCs in peripheral blood of ca...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - February 15, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Fabrication of conductive human bio-nanoelectrode from graphene oxide modified with polyvinyl alcohol
It is time for electrodes prepared from graphene oxide (GO) to replace the traditional electrodes. However, GO is an electrically insulating material. However, in this study, a conductive electrode was prepared from GO modification with glycerol (GL) under the esterification reaction at 90°C for 3 h with sulphuric acid as a catalyst under vacuum conditions. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) acts as a polymer host. It was mixed with GO and modification was carried out under heating conditions. The mixture of the GO/GL/PVA nanocomposite was rapidly cooled and poured into the electrode mould. Finally, it is placed in a desi...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - February 15, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Cytotoxicity investigations of biogenic tellurium nanorods towards PC12 cell line
The authors evaluated the cytotoxicity underlying mechanisms of biogenic tellurium (Te) nanorods (NRs) produced by the Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes strain Te on the PC12 cell line. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was estimated at 5.05 ± 0.07 ng/ml for biogenic Te NRs and 2.44 ± 0.38 ng/ml for K2TeO3, respectively. The viability of PC12 was inhibited concentration dependent at doses of 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/ml. Te NRs principally induced late apoptosis or necrosis at IC50 concentration, without effect on caspase-3 activities. Furthermore, ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Probe for sensitive direct determination of sulphide ions based on gold nanoparticles
A highly selective and sensitive optical sensor based on localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the determination of a sulphide ion in aqueous solution is presented. The existence of sulphide is change the intensity of the LSPR band around 520 nm. In this sensor, sulphide ions were recognised and measured by UV–vis spectrophotometry. Three factors such as pH, time and concentration of AuNPs have been studied. The optimisation of effective parameters is done by one at a time method. This method was simple, rapid and cost efficient for the detection of sulphide. The linear ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Boolean AND and OR logic for cell signalling gateways: a communication perspective
In this study, the authors provide communication aspect of the signalling pathways that have two input Boolean logic AND/OR implemented at the rear effector protein. Communication is assumed to be taking place in extracellular and intracellular environment. The two environments are connected using a receptor protein acting as relay between a molecular source and effector protein. Each relay detects molecules from outside environment and stimulates the production of signals in the intracellular space. These signals/molecules further activate the effector protein which acts as a Boolean switch driven by AND/OR logic. Assumin...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Experimental and theoretical investigation of sensing parameters in carbon nanotube-based DNA sensor
Nowadays, sensitive biosensors with high selectivity, lower costs and short response time are required for detection of DNA. The most preferred materials in DNA sensor designing are nanomaterials such as carbon and Au nanoparticles, because of their very high surface area and biocompatibility which lead to performance and sensitivity improvements in DNA sensors. Carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be considered as a suitable DNA sensor platform due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, favourable electronic properties and fast electron transfer rate. Therefore, in this study, the CNTs which are synthe...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Evaluation of ‘green’ synthesis and biological activity of gold nanoparticles using Tragopogon dubius leaf extract as an antibacterial agent
In conclusion, the synthesis of AuNPs with aqueous T. dubius extract was rapid, simple, and inexpensive, and the synthesised nanoparticles had significant antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of synthesised silver nanoparticles using Thymus kotschyanus aqueous extract
Development of a green chemistry process for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has become a focus of interest. Characteristics of AgNPs were determined using techniques, such as ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesised AgNPs using Thymus kotschyanus had the most growth inhibition against gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilise, while the growth inhibition of AgNPs at 1000–500 µg/ml ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Biocompatible biodegradable polycaprolactone/basil seed mucilage scaffold for cell culture
In this study, a polymer obtained from the basil seed mucilage (BSM) in combination with polycaprolactone (PCL), was used in the 2D scaffold production process for cell culture. First, combinations of two polymers with different ratios and concentrations were prepared and electrospun. Among these samples, a sample with a BSM/PCL ratio of 2/3 was used to perform different tests due to its fibre uniformity and appropriate diameter. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer test was carried out to chemically analyse the scaffold, the X-ray diffraction test to determine the crystallinity of the scaffold, and the contact angl...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Comparative study of antifungal effect of green and chemically synthesised silver nanoparticles in combination with carbendazim, mancozeb, and thiram
In conclusion, this study reports synthesis of monodisperse silver nanoparticles which serve as efficient antifungal agents and also enhance the fungicidal action of reported agricultural fungicides in combination studies. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Ketoconazole-conjugated ZnO nanoparticles based semi-solid formulation and study their impacts on skin disease
In this study, the ketoconazole-conjugated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared in a single-step approach using dextrose as an intermediate compound. The physical parameters confirmed the drug conjugation with ZnO and their size was around 70–75 nm. The drug loading and in vivo drug release studies indicated that the –CHO group from the dextrose increase the drug loading up to 65% and their release kinetics were also studied. The anti-fungal studies indicated that the prepared nanoparticles exhibit strong anti-fungal activity and the minimum concentration needed is 10 mg/ml. The nanopart...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Removal of toxic contaminants from water by sustainable green synthesised non-toxic silver nanoparticles
The study describes the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using 21 different plant extracts having medicinal properties. Molecular ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy shows that the λmax of nanoparticles synthesised by different plant extracts varied and ranged between 400 and 468 nm. The ultraviolet results revealed that although synthesis of nanoparticles occurred by all plant extracts successfully, their size varies, this was further confirmed by differential light scattering. The synthesised nanoparticles were investigated for their antimicrobial properties. The most promising silver nanoparticles Ocimum sanc...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Biogenically engineered nanoparticles inhibit Fusarium oxysporum causing soft-rot of ginger
In this study, chitosan, copper and sulphur nanoparticles synthesised from leaf extract of selected plants were screened against two isolates of F. oxysporum recovered from the infected rhizome of ginger and soil samples. Moreover, among these, sulphur nanoparticles showed maximum inhibition of F. oxysporum isolated from soil samples (ZOI = 12.33 mm) followed by copper (ZOI = >12 mm) and chitosan nanoparticles (ZOI = >9 mm). Similarly, in the case of F. oxysporum isolated from infected ginger, sulphur nanoparticles showed maximum inhibition (ZOI = ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 7, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
