Evaluation of the toxicities of silver and silver sulfide nanoparticles against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
In this study, the endogenous lipid signalling molecules, N-myristoylethanolamine, were explored as a capping agent to synthesise stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Ag sulphide NPs (Ag2S NPs). Sulphidation of the AgNPs abolishes the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) maximum of AgNPs at 415 nm with concomitant changes in the SPR, indicating the formation of Ag2S NPs. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the AgNPs and Ag2S NPs are spherical in shape with a size of 5–30 and 8–30 nm, respectively. AgNPs and Ag2S NPs exhibit antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Determination of the potency of hexyl-ciprofloxacin molecules that interact with gold nanoparticles in a reversible manner
This work determined the potency of hexyl-ciprofloxacin molecules that reversibly interact with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) passivated with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) on Escherichia coli cells. For this, partition of modified antibiotic between different compartments of the gold colloid was determined using analytical techniques. First, concentration of hexyl-ciprofloxacin was determined in the continuous phase of the colloid. Subsequently, the colloid was exposed to a volume of organic immiscible solvent and concentration of the transferred molecules was determined in the organic phase. Comparison of the amount of he...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Antibacterial activity of carbon nanoparticles isolated from chimney soot
Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) are isolated from chimney soot and characterised by various tools such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction studies confirm the presence of C60 nanoparticles in the isolated sample. The thermal properties of the prepared CNPs are recorded using thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis. The analysis of the antibacterial activity of the synthesised CNPs against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains is also investigated. The systematic study con...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Green synthesis of colloidal gold nanoparticles using latex from Hevea brasiliensis and evaluation of their in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity
Latex extracted from Hevea brasiliensis tree has been used as a green alternative for preparing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs); however, no study evaluating the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of Au NPs synthesised using H. brasiliensis has been published. The present study aimed to synthesise and characterise colloidal Au NPs using latex from H. brasiliensis and to evaluate their in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Ideal conditions for the green synthesis of Au NPs were studied. In vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Au NPs in CHO-K1 cells was also evaluated. Our findings indicated that the ideal synthesis condition...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
In vitro evaluation of biodegradable nHAP-Chitosan-Gelatin-based scaffold for tissue engineering application
The present study focuses on fabrication and characterisation of porous composite scaffold containing hydroxyapatite (HAP), chitosan, and gelatin with an average pore size of 250–1010 nm for improving wound repair and regeneration by Electrospinning method. From the results of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) study, the peaks correspond to crystallographic structure of HAP powder. The presence of functional group bonds of HAP powder, Chitosan and scaffold was studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface morphology of the scaffold was observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The B...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Enhancing data rate of molecular communication system using Brownian motion
In this study, the effect of these interferences on the data rate of MC systems is investigated to design an efficient MC system. To this end, the authors propose an analytical model for a diffusion-based MC system comprised of two nanomachines when they exploit On/Off keying modulation. They model the Brownian motion of molecules in a one-dimensional environment as a wiener process and the life expectancy of diffused molecules as an exponential process. First, they consider the inter-symbol interference to derive the data rate of the MC system as a function of the receiver decision threshold and the symbol time duration. ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Synthesis, characterisation and anti-tumour activity of biopolymer based platinum nanoparticles and 5-fluorouracil loaded platinum nanoparticles
A facile and green synthesis of platinum nanoparticles [gum kondagogu platinum nanoparticles (GKPtNP)] using biopolymer- gum kondagogu was developed. The formation of GKPtNP was confirmed by ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The formed GKPtNP are well dispersed, homogeneous with a size of 2–4 ± 0.50 nm, having a negative zeta potential (−46.1 mV) indic...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Hollow selenium nanoparticles from potato extract and investigation of its biological properties and developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos
A facile synthesis of hollow selenium nanoparticles (hSeNPs) was prepared using potato starch as a reducing and capping agent. The morphological and structural characters of the hSeNPs were characterised by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and zeta potential analyser. The optical characteristics of hSeNPs were confirmed by UV. The presence of various functional groups in the hSeNPs suspension was confirmed by FTIR. The SEM results suggested that the synthe...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Rubia tinctorum extract and evaluation the anti-cancer properties in vitro
In this study, AgNPs were synthesised using Rubia tinctorum L. extract (Ru-AgNPs). Then, cytotoxicity effects of the Ru-AgNPs against MDA-MB-231 carcinoma cell line and human dermal fibroblast as normal cell line were performed. Furthermore, anti-apoptotic effects of Ru-AgNPs on these cancer and normal cell lines were compared using acridine orange/propidium iodide staining, flow cytometry analysis and real-time qPCR in apoptosis gene markers. Results of UV-vis spectroscopy showed that Ru-AgNPs have a peak at 430 nm, which indicated synthesis of AgNPs. Ru-AgNPs had spherical shape and average size of 12 nm. R...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Autoclave-assisted synthesis of AgNPs in Z. officinale extract and assessment of their cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antioxidant activities
In this study, the authors synthesised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using autoclave as a simple, unique and eco-friendly approach. The effect of Zingiber officinale extract was evaluated as a reducing and stabiliser agent. According to transmission electron microscopy results, the AgNPs were in the spherical shape with a particle size of ∼17 nm. The biomedical properties of AgNPs as antibacterial agents and free radical scavenging activity were estimated. Synthesised AgNPs showed significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging. Strong bactericidal activity was shown by the AgNPs on Gram-pos...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Simple preparation of photothermal nanomaterial GNR@SiO2 with enhanced drug loading content
In this study, GNRs assisted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (GNR@SiO2 NPs) are fabricated by a simple method. The mesoporous SiO2 can not only prevent the aggregation of GNRs but also provide large hollow mesoporous structure to enhance drug loading capacity. Moreover, GNRs absorb near-infrared (NIR) light and convert it into heat. The temperature of the GNR@SiO2 solution was increased to ∼60 (2 W) and 90°C (3 W) after NIR radiation. The photothermal conversion efficiency was 32.60% of GNR@SiO2 under NIR light irradiation at 2 W, while 39.01% under NIR light irradiation at 3 W. The ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Green synthesis and evaluation of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial and biochemical profiling in Kinnow (Citrus reticulata L.) to enhance fruit quality and productivity under biotic stress
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by utilising plant extract is an emerging class of nanotechnology. It revolutionizes all the field of biological sciences by synthesizing chemical free AgNPs. In the present study, AgNPs were synthesised by utilising Moringa oleifera leaves as the main reducing and stabilising agent and characterised through UV–visible spectroscopy, zeta analyser, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The different concentrations of biosynthesised AgNPs (10, 20, 30, and 40 ppm) were exogenously applied on the...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Investigating the prospects of bacterial biosurfactants for metal nanoparticle synthesis – a comprehensive review
Establishing biological synthesis of nanoparticles is increasing nowadays in the field of nanotechnology. The search for an optimal source with durability, stability, capacity to withstand higher environmental conditions with excellent characteristics is yet to meet. Consequently, there is need to create an eco-friendly strategy for metal nanoparticle synthesis. One approach investigated in this review is the use of biosurfactants to enhance the synthesis biologically. In comparison with the other technologies, biosurfactants are less toxic and exhibit higher properties. This method is different from the conventional pract...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 10, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
First principle study of the self-switching characteristics of the guanine based single optical molecular switch using carbon nanotube electrodes
The switching property of an optical single molecular switch based on a single DNA molecule guanine with a single walled carbon nanotube electrode has been investigated using density functional theory along with non-equilibrium Green's function based first principle approach. The semi-empirical model of this single bio-molecular switch has been operated at an ultra-high 25 THz frequency in mid-UV range. This single bio-molecule comprises switching activity upon UV photo-excitation. The influence of the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap and the quantum ballistic transmission into...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Assessment of AgNPs exposure on physiological and biochemical changes and antioxidative defence system in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) under heat stress
The present study was designed to check the role of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on physiological, biochemical parameters and antioxidants of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under heat stress. Plant extract of Moringa oleifera was used for AgNPs synthesis followed by characterization through UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM, XRD and Zeta analyser. Heat stress was applied in range of 35-40°C for 3 hrs/ day for 3 days to wheat plants at trifoliate stage. Heat stress decreased the RWC (13.2%), MSI (16.3%), chl a (5.2%), chl b (4.1%) and TCCs (9.9%). Wheat plants treated with AgNPs showed significant increase in RWC (12.2%), MSI (...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
