Induction of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in cervical cancer cells by Momordica dioica mediated gold nanoparticles
Bio-fabrication of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has several advantages like biocompatibility, less toxicity, and eco-friendly in nature over their chemical and physical methods. Currently, the authors fabricated AuNPs using aqueous root extract of Momordica dioica (M. dioica) and explored their anticancer application with mechanistic approaches. Different biophysical techniques such as UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and dynamic light scattering were employed for AuNPs characterisation. The synthesised AuNPs w...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Facile nano-free electrochemiluminescence biosensor for detection of sulphamethoxazole via tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) and N-methyl pyrrolidone recognition
(Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Silver nanorods induced oxidative stress and chromosomal aberrations in the Allium cepa model
The production of different size and shape silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has increased considerably in recent years due to several commercial and biological applications. Here, rod-shaped AgNPs (SNRs) were prepared using the microwave-assisted method and characterised by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The present study aims to investigate the cyto–genotoxic effect of various concentrations (5, 10, and 15 µM) of SNRs using Allium cepa model. As a result, concentration-dependent cyto–genotoxic effect of SNRs was observed through a decrease in t...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Antibacterial activity of SPIONs versus ferrous and ferric ions under aerobic and anaerobic conditions: a preliminary mechanism study
In this study, the authors evaluated the antibacterial activity of magnetic NPs in comparison with ferrous and ferric ions. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the treated Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria were directly measured by fluorometric detection. The results showed that iron ions and SPIONs had significant dependent antimicrobial activities. SPIONs showed greater inhibitory effects than ferrous and ferric ions against the growth of treated bacterial strains under anaerobic conditions, while in aerobic conditions, ferrous showed the strongest antibacterial activity. In anaerobic conditio...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of chitosan-based thermosensitive gel containing lorazepam NLCs for the treatment of status epilepticus
The objective of this study was to develop an in-situ gel containing lorazepam (LZM) loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for direct nose-to-brain delivery in order to increase drug therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy. Accordingly, LZM loaded NLCs were formulated using emulsification solvent diffusion and evaporation method; then the effects of the formulation variables on different physicochemical characteristics of NLCs were investigated. Thermosensitive in-situ gels containing LZM-NLCs were prepared using a combination of chitosan and β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP). The anticonvulsant effic...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Preparing a novel magnesium-doped hyaluronan/polyethyleneimine nanoparticle to improve endothelial functionalisation
Nowadays, tissue engineering vascularisation has become an important means of organ repair and treatment of major traumatic diseases. Vascular endothelial layer regeneration and endothelial functionalisation are prerequisites and important components of tissue engineering vascularisation. The present researches of endothelial functionalisation mainly focus on tissue engineering scaffold preparation and implant surface modification. Few studies have reported the interaction of endothelial functionalisation and scaled materials, especially the nanomaterials. Magnesium (Mg), as an essential cytotropic active element in the hu...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Superparamagnetic hematite nanoparticle: Cytogenetic impact on onion roots and seed germination response of major crop plants
Augmented escape of nanostructures to the ecosystem has necessitated the comprehensive study of their impact, especially on plants. In the current study, hematite nanoparticles were prepared by employing garlic extract and checked for their cytogenetic effect on onion roots and germination characteristics of five agricultural crops (Vigna radiata, Triticum aestivum, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Cicer arietinum and Vicia faba) in the concentration range of 20–100 mg/L. Onion roots exhibited an increased mitotic index till 60 mg/L dosage, beyond which trend decreased marginally. Percentage of aberrant chro...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
High-performance immunosensor for urine albumin using hybrid architectures of ZnO nanowire/carbon nanotube
In this work, the authors reported the hybrid architecture of carbon nanotube (CNT)–zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire as a multi-functional probe in amperometric immunosensor for the detection of urine albumin. Low-cost substrate such as glass is possible because of novel low-temperature growth process of CNT/ZnO nanowires as a multi-function electrode in this sensor. Based on Schottky like behaviour this structure exhibit excellent high current density to achieve higher performance. Measurement of urine albumin is a new way for early detection of diabetic and also low concentration of it in culture media is also considered...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Electrochemical strategy with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 and ordered mesoporous carbon for detection of xanthine
An accurate, safe, environmentally friendly, fast and sensitive electrochemical biosensors were developed to detect xanthine in serum. The metal-organic framework ZIF-8 was synthesised and elemental gold was supported on the surface of ZIF-8 by reduction method to synthesise Ag-ZIF-8. The mesoporous carbon material and the synthesised Ag-ZIF-8 were, respectively, applied to a glassy carbon electrode to construct biosensors. The constructed biosensor has a good linear relation in the range of 1–280 μmol l−1 of xanthine and the detection limit is 0.167 μmol l−1. Th...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Current trends in nano-technological interventions on plant growth and development: a review
Nanomaterials, recently have found burgeoning attention in the field of agriculture, owing to the positive correlation between nanoparticle (NP) application and the enhanced nutritional status of the applied plants. A wide range of NPs, namely carbon-based NPs, titanium dioxide NPs, silica NPs etc. has been found to influence plants in a positive way by increasing their nutrient uptake ratio, nutrient usage efficiency, among others. All these attributes have paved the way for possible improvement in plant growth, development, vigour etc. through the use of these NPs, mainly as nanofertiliser. In view of all these, it can a...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - April 10, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Improvement of efficacy and decrement cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin anticancer drug using bovine serum albumin nanoparticles: synthesis, characterisation and release behaviour
To sustained release of an anticancer drug, oxaliplatin (OX), a non-toxic and biocompatible nanocarrier based on bovine serum albumin (BSA) were synthesised by desolvation method and characterised using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic light scattering. The results showed that the BSA nanoparticles (BSANPs) with a mean magnitude of 187.9 ± 1.2 nm have spherical morphology with a smooth surface and a uniform distribution. Furthermore, OX was loaded onto the BSANPs and the loading was confir...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - January 17, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Serum analysis method combining cellulose acetate membrane purification with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for non-invasive HBV screening
A highly sensitive, non-invasive, and rapid HBV (Hepatitis B virus) screening method combining membrane protein purification with silver nanoparticle-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy was developed in this study. Reproducible serum protein SERS spectra were obtained from cellulose acetate membrane-purified human serum from 94 HBV patients and 89 normal groups. Tentative assignments of serum protein SERS spectra showed that the HBV patients primarily led to specific biomedical changes of serum protein. Principal components analysis and linear discriminate analysis were introduced to analyse the obt...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - January 17, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Synthesis and characterisation of magnetite nanoparticles using gelatin and starch as capping agents
Nanoparticles of magnetite passivated with gelatin and starch were synthesised using a co-precipitation technique. The nanoparticles were characterised using ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential, transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The UV–vis spectra showed characteristic surface plasmon resonance of magnetite nanoparticles. The DLS results showed the nanoparticles to have average hydrodynamic diameters of 138 ± 2 and 283 ± 21 nm for partic...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - January 17, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Synthesis, physicochemical characterisation and biological activity of anandamide/ɛ-polycaprolactone nanoparticles obtained by electrospraying
In this study, the authors’ work aimed to highlight the use of electrospraying techniques for the development of carrier Nps of anandamide (AEA), an endocannabinoid with attractive pharmacological effects but underestimated due to its unfavourable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties added to its undesirable effects at the level of the central nervous system. The authors characterised physicochemically and evaluated in vitro biological activity of anandamide/ɛ-polycaprolactone nanoparticles (Nps-AEA/PCL) obtained by electrospraying in epithelial cells of the human proximal tubule (HK2), to prove the ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - January 17, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Enhancement of secondary metabolites in Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell plants treated with copper-based nanoparticles in vivo
The study aims to document the effect of starch-stabilised copper-based nanoparticles (CuNPs) on the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites, especially saponins, of the reputed nootropic herb Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell. CuNPs were synthesised chemically by the reduction of cupric sulphate pentahydrate with ascorbic acid using starch as the capping agent. They were characterised by UV–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential. The nanoparticles consisted of cuprous oxide and met...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - January 17, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
