In vitro biological evaluation of anti-diabetic activity of organic–inorganic hybrid gold nanoparticles
Diabetes mellitus has been considered as a heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterised by complete or relative impairment in the production of insulin by pancreatic β-cells or insulin resistance. In the present study, propanoic acid, an active biocomponent isolated from Cassia auriculata is employed for the synthesis of propanoic acid functionalised gold nanoparticles (Pa@AuNPs) and its anti-diabetic activity has been demonstrated in vitro. In vitro cytotoxicity of synthesised Pa@AuNPs was performed in L6 myotubes. The mode of action of Pa@AuNPs exhibiting anti-diabetic potential was validated by glucose uptake a...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Green preparation of seaweed-based silver nano-liquid for cotton pathogenic fungi management
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesised using the crude ethyl acetate extracts of Ulva lactuca and evaluated their bioefficacy against two crop-damaging pathogens. The sets of lattice planes in the XRD spectrum for the Ag NPs were indexed to the 111, 200, 220 and 311 orientations and support the crystalline nature of the Ag NPs. The 3414 and 2968 cm-1 peaks were observed in crude algal thallus extract and they were characteristic of terpenoids. Further, a peak at 1389 cm-1 was observed as fatty acids. The marine macroalgae terpenoids and palmitic acid acted as reducing agent and stabiliser, respectively. The size (3...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Biosynthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles using yeast Nematospora coryli and examination of their anti-candida and anti-oxidant activities
Selenium (Se) is a rare and essential element for the human body and other living organisms because of its role in the structure of several proteins and having anti-oxidant properties to reduce oxidative stress at cells. Some microorganisms can absorb Se oxyanions and convert them into zero-valent Se (Se0) in the nanoscale dimensions, which can be used for producing Se nanoparticles (SeNPs). In the present study, SeNPs were intracellularly biosynthesised by yeast Nematospora coryli, which is an inexpensive method and does not involve using materials hazardous for human and environment. The produced NPs were refined by a tw...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Phytosynthesis of Cu/rGO using Euphorbia cheiradenia Boiss extract and study of its ability in the reduction of organic dyes and 4-nitrophenol in aqueous medium
For the first time, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) superficially deposited on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using Euphorbia cheiradenia Boiss leaf aqueous media. A beneficial series of analytical methods was used to characterise E. cheiradenia Boiss leaf extract and involved nanostructures. The Cu/rGO nanocomposite (NC) obtained from the conversion of Cu2+ ions to Cu NPs and GO to rGO undergoes the plant extract and used as a heterogeneous and reusable nanocatalyst for the destruction of 4-nitrophenol, rhodamine B, methylene blue, methyl orange and congo red using sodium borohydride at ambient temperature. In addition, Cu/rG...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Silver nanoparticles fabricated using medicinal plant extracts show enhanced antimicrobial and selective cytotoxic propensities
Nanoparticles fabricated using medicinal plant extract have great potential in the area of nanomedicine. High surface-to-volume ratio of nanoparticle enhances the local active biomolecules concentration, leading to many fold increase in the medicinal potentials. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated using indigenous medicinal plants of India, Azadirachta indica and Syzygium cumini, have shown a significant effect on the viability of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Biofabrication of AgNP was confirmed using different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Extraction and purification of AgNP from non-conjugated pl...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Role of Ribes khorassanicum in the biosynthesis of AgNPs and their antibacterial properties
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been biosynthesised through the extracts of Ribes khorassanicum fruits, which served as the reducing agents and capping agents. Biosynthesised AgNPs have been found to be ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra since they have displayed one surface plasmon resonance peak at 438 nm, attesting the formation of spherical NPs. These particles have been characterised by UV-vis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The formation of AgNPs...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Green synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles by the main reduction component of green tea (Camellia sinensis L.)
Recently the use of medicinal plants potential in the production of nanoparticles has received serious attention. Here, the main component of Camellia sinensis L. (green tea) extract was detected by spectroscopy and the optimal conditions were determined for their performance in green synthesis of silver nanoparticles at room temperature. Epigallocatechin gallate was identified as the dominant component in the extract as determined by spectroscopy, and it was established that its oxidation was a function of the solution pH. Transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Anticancer activity of green synthesised AgNPs from Cymbopogon citratus (LG) against lung carcinoma cell line A549
The present study is designed to analyse the antibacterial and anticancer effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesised from the Cymbopogon citratus, (lemongrass) (LG-AgNPs), which is widely used in ayurvedic drugs for treating various diseases. The LG-AgNPs were synthesised and characterised using ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The characterised LG-AgNPs was subjected to antimicrobial analysis by disc diffusion method against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and ant...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Lagenaria siceraria – synthesised ZnO NPs – a valuable green route to control the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi
Malaria is a dangerous disease affecting humans and animals in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. According to recent estimates, 3.2 billion people are at risk of malaria. Many drugs are in practices to control this disease and their vectors. Eco-friendly control tools are needed to fight vectors of this important disease. Nanotechnology is playing a key role in the fight against many public health emergencies. In the present study, Lagenaria siceraria aqueous peel extract was used to prepare zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), then tested on Anopheles stephensi eggs, larvae and pupae. The L. siceraria-synthesised Z...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Process optimisation for green synthesis of zero-valent iron nanoparticles using Mentha piperita
The potential of Mentha piperita in the iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) production was evaluated for the first time. The influences of the variables such as incubation time, temperature, and volume ratio of the extract to metal ions on the nanoparticle size were investigated using central composite design. The appearance of SPR bands at 284 nm in UV-Vis spectra of the mixtures verified the nanoparticle formation. Incubating the aqueous extract and metal precursor with 1.5 volume ratio at 50°C for 30 min leads to the formation of the smallest nanoparticles with the narrowest size distribution. At the optimal condition, th...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Carpogenic ZnO nanoparticles: amplified nanophotocatalytic and antimicrobial action
This investigation has for the first time utilised environmental resource Prunus cerasifera seed extract phytochemicals for the green synthesis of carpogenic ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). Spherical morphology and size range of 56.57-107.70 nm at variable calcination temperatures without the use of any external reducing agent was obtained. The synthesised NPs exhibited hexagonal wurtzite geometry with an average crystal size 5.62 nm and a band gap of 3.4 eV. Carpogenic NPs were investigated for optical, compositional, morphological, and phytochemical make up via ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared analy...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Immobilisation of bacteria onto magnetic nanoparticles for the decolorisation and degradation of azo dyes
Azo dyes are widely used in industries and their release in the environment contributes to the pollution of effluents. The authors aim to develop a new eco-friendly water treatment method for the degradation of azo dyes based on in situ magnetic separation and immobilisation of bacterial cells. The immobilisation was achieved using superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and offers the possibility of reusing bacteria by magnetic separation for several degradation cycles. The iron-oxide nanoparticles were synthesised by reverse co-precipitation. The Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis were immobilised using iron-oxide na...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Fabrication and characterisation of silver nanoparticles using bract extract of Musa paradisiaca for its synergistic combating effect on phytopathogens, free radical scavenging activity, and catalytic efficiency
This work explores the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Musa paradisiaca (M. paradisiaca) bract extract. The bio-reduction of Ag+ ion was recorded using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy by a surface plasmon resonance extinction peak with an absorbance at 420 nm. The phytoconstituents responsible for the reduction of AgNPs was probed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the formation of crystalline AgNPs that were analogous to selected area electron diffraction patterns. Morphological studies showed that the obtained AgNPs were monodispersed with an avera...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Biosynthesis of reusable and recyclable CuO@Magnetite@Hen Bone NCs and its antioxidant and antibacterial activities: a highly stable magnetically nanocatalyst for excellent reduction of organic dyes and adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
For the first time, through a fast, eco-friendly and economic method, the aqueous extract of the leaf of Euphorbia corollate was used to the green synthesis of the highly stable CuO@Magnetite@Hen Bone nanocomposites (NCs) as a potent antioxidant and antibacterial agent against Pseudomonas aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae pathogenic bacteria. The biosynthesised NCs were identified using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and UV-vis analytical techniques. Als...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Photocatalytic degradation of synthetic dyes using iron (III) oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-Nps) synthesised using Rhizophora mucronata Lam
This report is a facile synthesis method for Fe2O3-Np with high photodegradation efficiency. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 7, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
