Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Inherited dominant optic neuropathy: from clinical studies to gene function and back again
Publication date: Winter 2013 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 10, Issue 4 Author(s): Terence Gordon Smith , Marcela Votruba Here we review how clinically driven research into the basic cellular function of the major determinant in autosomal dominant optic atrophy, Kjer's type (OPA1), has in turn, facilitated and inspired potential therapeutic endeavours in murine models. Dominant optic atrophy is one of the most frequent causes of inherited optic neuropathy and affects up to 1 in 35000. Its underlying pathophysiology gives us a remarkable insight into mitochondrial function and how this impacts on...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Retinal degeneration in animal models with a defective visual cycle
Publication date: Winter 2013 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 10, Issue 4 Author(s): Akiko Maeda , Krzysztof Palczewski Continuous generation of visual chromophore through the visual (retinoid) cycle is essential to maintain eyesight and retinal heath. Impairments in this cycle and related pathways adversely affect vision. In this review, we summarize the chemical reactions of vitamin A metabolites involved in the retinoid cycle and describe animal models of associated human diseases. Development of potential therapies for retinal disorders in these animal models is also introduced. (Source: Drug ...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Models of eye disease
Publication date: Winter 2013 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 10, Issue 4 Author(s): Marcela Votruba , Ian J. Jackson (Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models)
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Phenotype, endotype and patient-specific computational modelling for optimal treatment design in asthma
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Graham M. Donovan , Merryn H. Tawhai Understanding and treatment of asthma is significantly complicated by the heterogeneous spectrum of phenotypes associated with the disease. Recent advances in phenotype classification promise more targeted therapies, but these categories are based on constellations of largely external measurements and are not necessarily indicative of underlying pathophysiology. We propose that computational modelling is a valuable tool that allows the disease spectrum to be decomposed not into ...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Volatile anesthetics and the treatment of severe bronchospasm: a concept of targeted delivery
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Jarred R. Mondoñedo , John S. McNeil , Samir D. Amin , Jacob Herrmann , Brett A. Simon , David W. Kaczka Status asthmaticus (SA) is a severe, refractory form of asthma that can result in rapid respiratory deterioration and death. Treatment of SA with inhaled anesthetics is a potentially life-saving therapy, but remarkably few data are available about its mechanism of action or optimal administration. In this paper, we will review the clinical use of inhaled anesthetics for treatment of SA, the potential mecha...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Computational models of ventilator induced lung injury and surfactant dysfunction
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Jason H.T. Bates , Bradford J. Smith , Gilman B. Allen Managing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) invariably involves the administration of mechanical ventilation, the challenge being to avoid the iatrogenic sequellum known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Devising individualized ventilation strategies in ARDS requires that patient-specific lung physiology be taken into account, and this is greatly aided by the use of computational models of lung mechanical function that can be matched to physiol...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Computational modeling helps uncover mechanisms related to the progression of emphysema
Publication date: Available online 30 April 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Béla Suki , Harikrishnan Parameswaran Emphysema is a progressive disease characterized by deterioration of alveolar structure and decline in lung function. While morphometric and molecular biology studies have not fully uncovered the underlying mechanisms, they have produced data to advance computational modeling. In this review, we discuss examples in which modeling has led to novel insight into mechanisms related to disease progression. Finally, we propose a general scheme of multiscale modeling approach that co...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Computational models for patient-specific analysis of pulmonary vascular disease
Publication date: Available online 30 April 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Alys Clark , Kelly Burrowes , Merryn Tawhai It is becoming increasingly apparent that personalized therapies are key to successful management of pulmonary vascular disease, but this cannot be achieved without an integrated approach to investigating the condition and an individual's response to therapy. Computational models provide a means to link investigations across the spectrum from cellular mechanisms to potential improvements in pulmonary vascular function over the course of a therapeutic strategy. Here we de...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Mathematical modeling of ventilation defects in asthma
Publication date: Available online 30 April 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Tilo Winkler , Jose G. Venegas , R. Scott Harris Airway narrowing by smooth muscle constriction is a hallmark of asthma attacks that may cause severe difficulties of breathing. However, the causes of asthma and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Bronchoconstriction within a bronchial tree involves complex interactions among the airways that lead to the emergence of regions of poor ventilation (ventilation defects, VDefs) in the lungs. The emphasis of this review is on mathematical modeling of the ...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
In silico models of M. tuberculosis infection provide a route to new therapies
Publication date: Available online 9 May 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Jennifer J. Linderman , Denise E. Kirschner Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem responsible for ∼2 million deaths per year. Current antibiotic treatments are lengthy and fraught with compliance and resistance issues. There is a crucial need for additional approaches to provide a cost-effective means of exploring the ‘design space’ for potential therapies. We discuss the use of mathematical and computational models in virtual experiments and virtual clinical trials both to develop new hypotheses regardin...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Budding yeast as a model to study epigenetics
Publication date: Available online 28 July 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Stephen M. Fuchs , Ishtiaque Quasem The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been, and continues to be, one of the most important model systems for biochemical, genetic, and cytologic study of fundamental cellular processes. Its small genome, short generation time, and ease of genetic manipulation have made yeast an ideal model for both sophisticated mechanistic studies and high-throughput screens. Here we focus on the histone deacetylase Sir2p to demonstrate how studies in yeast have been crucial to our curre...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Atlas-based anatomical modeling and analysis of heart disease
Publication date: Available online 31 July 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Pau Medrano-Gracia , Brett R. Cowan , Avan Suinesiaputra , Alistair A. Young Heart shape and function are major determinants of disease severity and predictors of future morbidity and mortality. Many studies now rely on non-invasive cardiac imaging techniques to quantify structural and functional changes. Statistical anatomical modeling of heart shape and motion provides a new tool for the quantification and evaluation of heart disease. This review surveys recent progress in the evaluation of statistical shape mea...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Computational models of ventricular arrhythmia mechanisms: recent developments and future prospects
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): R.H. Clayton , M.J. Bishop Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of death, and can also be a serious side effect of drugs. Computational models are becoming established as important research tools, alongside experimental work, for understanding the mechanisms that initiate and sustain these dangerous events. Advances in computer power have enabled large-scale simulations of cell and tissue electrophysiology, and advances in imaging have generated detailed models of cardiac anatomy. Active research areas in...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Strange bedfellows: biologists and mathematical modelers tie the knot on cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis
Publication date: Available online 2 August 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): William E. Louch , Sander Land , Steven A. Niederer The past several decades of experimental investigation have revealed a rich complexity of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ dynamics. Integrating and decomposing these complex data now increasingly relies on mathematical modeling approaches. In reviewing the evolution and contributions of these cardiomyocyte models, we emphasize the importance of data-driven model parameterization, with iterative data exchange between experimentalists and modelers leading to novel generation of...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Computational models for predictive cardiac ion channel pharmacology
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2014 Source:Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models Author(s): Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy , Toby W. Allen , Colleen E. Clancy A wealth of experimental data exists describing the elementary building blocks of complex physiological systems. However, it is increasingly apparent in the biomedical sciences that mechanisms of biological function cannot be observed or readily predicted via study of constituent elements alone. This is especially clear in the longstanding failures in prediction of effects of drug treatment for heart rhythm disturbances. These failures stem in part from cl...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - November 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
