Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models 
This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.
This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Computational modelling of Hedgehog signalling in liver regeneration
Publication date: Winter 2016Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 22Author(s): Madlen Matz-SojaOrgan regeneration is a very complex process that includes not only the reconstruction of organ mass but also the reorganisation of homeostatic capabilities. This especially applies for the liver, which performs a variety of metabolic functions. In the last decade, morphogenic pathways such as the Wnt/β-Catenin and Hedgehog signalling pathways have been revealed to orchestrate liver regeneration as well as metabolism. Mathematical models have been successfully applied to liver regeneration, but these have not int...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Virtual liver models in pre-surgical planning, intra-surgical navigation and prognosis analysis
Publication date: Winter 2016Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 22Author(s): Harvey Ho, Adam Bartlett, Peter HunterMajor liver resection (hepatectomy) is required for patients with liver metastasis (e.g., from colorectal cancer) and hepatocellular carcinoma (e.g., from chronic hepatitis B infection). Hepatectomy is based principally on the segmental anatomy of the liver, which has few reliable external landmarks to orientate the surgeon. Anatomical variations are common and significant flow alterations after surgery are thought to be a cause for liver dysfunction. Live donor liver transplants (LDLT) are b...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Reverse engineering the inflammatory “clock”: from computational modeling to rational resetting
Publication date: Winter 2016Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 22Author(s): Yoram VodovotzProperly-regulated inflammation is central to homeostasis, and becomes dysregulated after traumatic injury, hemorrhage, and sepsis. Inflammation is a dynamic, complex system whose function, like that of an analog clock, cannot be discerned simply from a laundry list of its parts (data). Dynamic approaches to data-driven computational modeling can be thought of as the “gears” and “hands” of the “clock,” and have led to insights regarding principal drivers, dynamic networks, feedbacks, and regulatory switc...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Editorial to “Computational models of liver disease 2016”
Publication date: Winter 2016Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 22Author(s): Adriano M. Henney (Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models)
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Development of quantitative systems pharmacology and toxicology models within consortia: experiences and lessons learned through DILIsym development
This article highlights lessons learned from past experiences associated with The DILI-sim Initiative – a collaborative effort focused on developing DILIsym software for predicting drug-induced liver injury (DILI). (Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models)
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Assessing interindividual variability by Bayesian-PBPK modeling
Publication date: Winter 2016Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 22Author(s): Markus Krauss, Andreas SchuppertThe description of interindividual variability and the ADME-related sources of such variability (ADME: absorption, distribution, metabolization, excretion) is an essential element in clinical drug development to identify potentially relevant subgroups of non-responders or high-risk patients. The use of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models supports a mechanistic understanding of the underlying ADME processes related to drug pharmacokinetics. In addition, the integration of Bayesian st...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Towards knowledge-driven cross-species extrapolation
Publication date: Winter 2016Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 22Author(s): Christoph Thiel, Ute Hofmann, Ahmed Ghallab, Rolf Gebhardt, Jan G. Hengstler, Lars KuepferThe transition from preclinical research to clinical phases is a crucial step in pharmaceutical development. In phase I, a new molecular entity is for the first administered to humans, after year-long development in in vitro and in preclinical animal models. However, a significant number of projects is closed during such first-in-man trials, mostly due to reasons of toxicity. This requires for new approaches in pharmaceutical development thr...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Systems pharmacology of hepatic metabolism in zebrafish larvae
Publication date: Winter 2016Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 22Author(s): Rob C. van Wijk, Elke H.J. Krekels, Thomas Hankemeier, Herman P. Spaink, Piet H. van der GraafInterspecies translation of pharmacological processes needs to improve to reduce attrition in drug development. Systems pharmacology integrates systems biology and pharmacometrics to characterise and quantify system-specific behaviour upon exposure to drugs in different species. The zebrafish is a suitable vertebrate model organism for systems pharmacology, combining high-throughput potential with high genetic homology to higher vertebra...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
An Opinion on non-human primates testing in Europe
Publication date: Spring 2017Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 23Author(s): Michelle M. Epstein, Theo VermeireThe Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks (SCHEER) responded to a mandate from the European Commission on ‘The need for non-human primates in biomedical research, production and testing of products and devices’. An overview of this Opinion is presented. The Opinion focuses on the approaches aimed at the replacement, reduction and refinement (3Rs) of the use of non-human primates in scientific experimentation in the areas of 1) development and safety testing of pharm...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Non-human primate models for disease and human biology: The impact of the Major Histocompatibility Complex
Publication date: Spring 2017Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 23Author(s): Gaby G.M. Doxiadis, Ronald E. BontropMHC class I and II molecules play an important role in the adaptive immune response. The genes encoding the MHC molecules are highly polymorphic, thus enabling each molecule to bind a unique repertoire of peptides, which are then presented to T cells, and may induce an immune reaction. MHC class I and II alleles of non-human primates (NHP) have been shown to influence the susceptibility or resistance to various diseases: for example, autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple s...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Measles: What we have learned from non-human primate models
Publication date: Spring 2017Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 23Author(s): Rik L. de SwartStudies in non-human primates (NHPs) have been crucial for our understanding of measles as a high impact viral disease of humans. Over a century ago, inoculations of NHPs with filtered secretions from measles patients first identified a virus as the causative agent of this disease. In the 1960s, studies in NHPs with measles virus isolates passaged in vitro provided the basis for live-attenuated measles virus vaccines, which became one of the most successful medical interventions in history. More recently, experimen...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Applying the 3Rs to non-human primate research: Barriers and solutions
Publication date: Spring 2017Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 23Author(s): Mark J. Prescott, Jan A. Langermans, Ian RaganProgress is being made in the development and application of methods to replace, reduce and refine the use of non-human primates (NHPs) in biomedical research and testing of products and devices. However, there remain considerable cultural and practical barriers to widespread uptake of available 3Rs techniques and to further advancement of the 3Rs in NHP research, over and above scientific obstacles. While most of these barriers apply also to the use of other vertebrate species, there...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Pancreatic islet xenotransplantation
Publication date: Spring 2017Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 23Author(s): Melanie L. Graham, Henk-Jan SchuurmanThis review presents an overview on the present status of xenogeneic islet cell transplantation. In four sections we present (1) a short introduction on clinical islet transplantation using islets from deceased humans, ending with the rationale for xenogeneic islet transplantation; (2) porcine islet survival and function in diabetic nonhuman primates; (3) features in this animal model that are relevant for clinical development; and (4) limitations and translational value of the model in nonhum...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Editorial to “Use of non-human primate disease models”
Publication date: Spring 2017Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 23Author(s): Theo Vermeire, Romina Aron Badin, Jan Langermans, Mark J. Prescott (Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models)
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Non-human primates are essential models in the translational research of multiple sclerosis
Publication date: Spring 2017Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, Volume 23Author(s): Bert A. ‘t Hart, Che Serguera, Yolanda S. Kap, Bruno GranAgeing Western societies are facing an increasing prevalence of chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases for which no effective treatments exist. The pressure on the drug development industry to develop such treatments creates a need for translationally relevant animal models, which faithfully replicate essential pathogenic mechanisms of the human disease. In this Short Review, we discuss the essential role of the non-human primate (NHP) in the translational researc...
Source: Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models - July 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
