Familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis: clinical and molecular characteristics
Familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) is an autosomal-recessive renal tubular disorder characterized by excessive urinary losses of magnesium and calcium, bilateral nephrocalcinosis and progressive chronic renal failure. Presentation with FHHNC symptoms generally occurs early in childhood or before adolescence. At present, the only therapeutic option is supportive and consists of oral magnesium supplementation and thiazide diuretics. However, neither treatment seems to have a significant effect on the levels of serum magnesium or urine calcium or on the decline of renal function. In end-...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - November 20, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Claverie-Martin, F. Tags: RARE DISEASES Source Type: research
Translational research in nephrology: chronic kidney disease prevention and public health
This narrative review evaluates translational research with respect to five important risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD): physical inactivity, high salt intake, smoking, diabetes and hypertension. We discuss the translational research around prevention of CKD and its complications both at the level of the general population, and at the level of those at high risk, i.e. people at increased risk for CKD or CKD complications. At the population level, all three lifestyle risk factors (physical inactivity, high salt intake and smoking) have been translated into implemented measures and clear population health improve...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - November 20, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bruck, K., Stel, V. S., Fraser, S., De Goeij, M. C. M., Caskey, F., Abu-Hanna, A., Jager, K. J. Tags: TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Announcements
(Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal)
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: ANNOUNCEMENTS Source Type: research
Management and prevention of post-transplant malignancies in kidney transplant recipients
The central issue in organ transplantation remains suppression of allograft rejection. Thus, the development of immunosuppressive drugs has been the key to successful allograft function. The increased immunosuppressive efficiency obtained in the last two decades in kidney transplantation dramatically reduced the incidence of acute rejection. However, the inevitable trade-off was an increased rate of post-transplant infections and malignancies. Since the incidence of cancer in immunosuppressed transplant recipients becomes greater over time, and the introduction of new immunosuppressive strategies are expected to extend sig...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Stallone, G., Infante, B., Grandaliano, G. Tags: ONCONEPHROLOGY Source Type: research
Thrombotic microangiopathy associated with proteasome inhibitors
The ubiquitin proteasome pathway plays a key role in cell cycle, function and survival. Bortezomib (BTZ) and Carfilzomib (CFZ) are the first two inhibitors of the proteasome pathway, indicated in treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. In the past few years, there have been few case reports that have highlighted the association between proteasome inhibitors (BTZ and CFZ) with acute kidney injury (AKI). In most of these case reports and initial trials, the underlying mechanism of AKI has been unclear. In this article, we discuss the association and pathogenesis of proteasome inhibitors-associated AKI. We also report th...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lodhi, A., Kumar, A., Saqlain, M. U., Suneja, M. Tags: ONCONEPHROLOGY Source Type: research
Onconephrology abstracts and publication trends: time to collaborate
Onconephrology is an emerging subspecialty of nephrology. The American Society of Nephrology(ASN) created a forum dedicated to the field of onconephrology in 2011 to improve collaborative care for cancer patients with kidney disease. In this article, we review the ASN Kidney Week abstracts that were related to onconephrology. There has been an increase in the number of onconephrology-related abstracts at ASN over last 3 years. But only one-fifth of abstracts that were onconephrology related in ASN were published in peer review journals. Clinical Kidney Journal (CKJ) has seen an increase in onconephrology publications in th...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Thakkar, J., Wanchoo, R., Jhaveri, K. D. Tags: ONCONEPHROLOGY Source Type: research
A peer outreach initiative to increase the registration of minorities as organ donors
Conclusions
Peer outreach programmes with BAME communities can be an effective way of reducing inequalities by increasing the number of people on the NHS ODR and encouraging people to think about the issue. (Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal)
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Buffin, J., Little, R., Jain, N., Warrens, A. N. Tags: TRANSPLANTATION Source Type: research
Lymphatic disorders after renal transplantation: new insights for an old complication
In renal transplanted patients, lymphoceles and lymphorrhea are well-known lymphatic complications. Surgical damage of the lymphatics of the graft during the procurement and of the lymphatic around the iliac vessels of the recipients has been associated with development of lymphatic complications. However, lymphatic complications may be related to medical factors such as diabetes, obesity, blood coagulation abnormalities, anticoagulation prophylaxis, high dose of diuretics, delay in graft function and immunosuppressive drugs. Consistently, immunosuppression regimens based on the use of mTOR inhibitors, especially in associ...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ranghino, A., Segoloni, G. P., Lasaponara, F., Biancone, L. Tags: TRANSPLANTATION Source Type: research
When is contrast-enhanced sonography preferable over conventional ultrasound combined with Doppler imaging in renal transplantation?
Conventional ultrasound in combination with colour Doppler imaging is still the standard diagnostic procedure for patients after renal transplantation. However, while conventional ultrasound in combination with Doppler imaging can diagnose renal artery stenosis and vein thrombosis, it is not possible to display subtle microvascular tissue perfusion, which is crucial for the evaluation of acute and chronic allograft dysfunctions. In contrast, real-time contrast-enhanced sonography (CES) uses gas-filled microbubbles not only to visualize but also to quantify renal blood flow and perfusion even in the small renal arterioles a...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zeisbrich, M., Kihm, L. P., Druschler, F., Zeier, M., Schwenger, V. Tags: TRANSPLANTATION Source Type: research
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway activity in dialysis patients: a role for neuroimmunomodulation?
Conclusions
The response of immune cells after LPS exposure and cholinergic stimulation suggests a functional CAP in dialysis patients. It may thus be possible to target the α7nAChR control of cytokine release as an anti-inflammatory strategy and thereby improve outcome in these patients. (Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal)
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hilderman, M., Qureshi, A. R., Al-Abed, Y., Abtahi, F., Lindecrantz, K., Anderstam, B., Bruchfeld, A. Tags: HAEMODIALYSIS Source Type: research
The impact of simulation-based teaching on home hemodialysis patient training
Conclusions
Simulation-based teaching in NHHD training is associated with a trend to a reduction in the number of home visits but had no effect on the number of re-training sessions or proportion of patients with technique failure. (Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal)
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chan, D. T., Faratro, R., Chan, C. T. Tags: HAEMODIALYSIS Source Type: research
End-stage vascular access failure: can we define and can we classify?
Conclusions
The numbers of patients who have exhausted definitive access options will continue to increase. This simple classification allows the scope of the problem and proposed solutions to be identified. Furthermore, these solutions can be studied and treatments compared in a standardized fashion. The classification may also be applied if patients have the option of transplantation where iliac vessel preservation is desirable and prioritization policies may be instituted. (Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal)
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Al Shakarchi, J., Nath, J., McGrogan, D., Khawaja, A., Field, M., Jones, R. G., Inston, N. Tags: HAEMODIALYSIS Source Type: research
Optimizing haemodialysate composition
Survival and quality of life of dialysis patients are strictly dependent on the quality of the haemodialysis (HD) treatment. In this respect, dialysate composition, including water purity, plays a crucial role. A major aim of HD is to normalize predialysis plasma electrolyte and mineral concentrations, while minimizing wide swings in the patient's intradialytic plasma concentrations. Adequate sodium (Na) and water removal is critical for preventing intra- and interdialytic hypotension and pulmonary edema. Avoiding both hyper- and hypokalaemia prevents life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Optimal calcium (Ca) and magnesium...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Locatelli, F., La Milia, V., Violo, L., Del Vecchio, L., Di Filippo, S. Tags: HAEMODIALYSIS Source Type: research
Haemodialysate: long neglected, difficult to optimize, may modify hard outcomes
In two recent CKJ reviews, experts (Basile and Lomonte and Locatelli et al.) have reviewed haemodialysate composition. A long-neglected issue, observational studies have associated the composition of haemodialysate to adverse outcomes. However, the scarcity of clinical trial-derived information results in limited guideline recommendations on the issue. Indeed, guidelines have more frequently indicated what not to do rather than what to do. In this setting, expert opinion becomes invaluable. In designing haemodialysate composition, a balance should be struck between the need to correct within a time frame of around 4 hours ...
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Perez-Gomez, M. V., Gonzalez-Parra, E., Ortiz, A. Tags: HAEMODIALYSIS Source Type: research
Possibility of lanthanum absorption in the stomach
We report here the case of an 81-year-old woman who underwent subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer after receiving hemodialysis for 1 year and taking LC for 7 months. Lanthanum phosphate compounds were found histologically in the gastric mucosa and a regional lymph node and confirmed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. These findings suggest that lanthanum is absorbed in the stomach and transported via lymph flow. This observation could prove helpful in future investigation of lanthanum disposition. (Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal)
Source: CKJ: Clinical Kidney Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tonooka, A., Uda, S., Tanaka, H., Yao, A., Uekusa, T. Tags: CKD-MBD Source Type: research
