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Lung lobe torsion in juvenile dogs
Seven juvenile ( (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Surgery (Soft Tissue) Source Type: research

Increased Intracranial Pressure Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Small Animal Patients
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results most commonly from motor vehicle accidents and crush injury in dogs and cats, respectively. The injury incurred at the time of impact, termed primary injury, cannot be altered by a practitioner. Examples of primary injuries include skull fractures and soft tissue lacerations. Secondary injury occurs minutes to days after the primary injury and is a dynamic process. Secondary injury affects intracranial soft tissues and results in edema, hemorrhage, and possible secondary neuronal injury. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Heidi Barnes Heller Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease in cats
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in both humans and domestic cats. In human patients across Europe, Asia, and North America, the prevalence is reported to be 2.5 to 11.2%. The figure is similar in cats with approximately 10% of cats>10 years of age reported to be affected, although the etiopathogenesis may have some differences. CKD is defined as a sustained decrease in renal function over at least 3 months. It is not a single entity but a heterogeneous syndrome resulting in loss of functioning renal mass. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Dentistry Source Type: research

High fat and cholesterol diet on gallbladder composition and motility in dogs
Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) represents one of the most common gallbladder diseases in dogs. However, the mechanisms for this pathological condition have not yet been fully clarified. A series of experiments revealed 2 pathological events in dogs with GBM, the first of which was a change in the composition of gallbladder bile acids. The second pathological event of GBM was a remarkable decrease in postprandial gallbladder motility. It recently has been reported that increases in serum leptin concentrations and over-expression of gallbladder leptin receptors are evident in dogs with GBM. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Analysis of the association between density of Helicobacter spp. and gastric lesions in dogs
Gastritis in dogs can be caused by several factors. The main triggers are systemic disease, diet, environmental influences, stress, and behavioral factors. Similar to the situation for humans, it has been proposed that Helicobacter spp. infections may play a role in gastritis and cancer in dogs. However, no clear association between Helicobacter spp. infections and gastric pathological conditions has been established. Most of the data implicating non-Helicobacter pylori as a cause of gastric pathological conditions in domestic animals has been obtained from experimentally infected mice or Mongolian gerbils. (Source: Advanc...
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Patient benefit of dog-assisted interventions in health care
Interaction with animals has been a favorite human pursuit since the dawn of history. Numerous studies have reported that animals exert favorable effects on psychological, physiological, and social aspects of human well-being. The increasing use of animals in health and social care is therefore not surprising. Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAI) are more or less goal oriented and structured interventions that intentionally incorporate animals in health, education and human service for the purpose of therapeutic gains and improved health and wellness. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: General Practice Source Type: research

Acute-phase proteins and iron status in cats with chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 15 to 30% of geriatric cats. The role of inflammation in this disease is not well characterized. In human patients, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play key roles in the development and progression of CKD. Increased concentrations of positive acute-phase proteins (APPs), such as C-reactive protein(CRP) and inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, have been described in humans with CKD and are associated with poor outcome. Anemia also is considered a negative prognostic factor in humans with renal failure, and evidence suggests that the severity of anem...
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Nephrology/Urology Source Type: research

Involuntary spinal locomotion (spinal walking) in dogs with thoracolumbar spinal cord lesion
Acute spinal cord injuries (ASCI) in dogs are common and mainly result from intervertebral disk extrusion (IVDE) or traumatic injuries. Recovery rate from ASCI is variable and depends on the severity of the spinal cord damage, rate of onset of clinical signs, and type of treatment. Considering the difficulty of objectively establishing the extent of the spinal cord damage, it is generally accepted to use the absence of pain perception as the most important indirect sign to assess complete functional spinal cord transection. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Neurology Source Type: research

Detection of synchronous primary tumors and previously undetected metastases in dogs undergoing CT scans
In veterinary patients, because of the need for anesthesia and costs associated with computed tomography (CT) scans, a single scan is often used for multiple purposes, including diagnosing and staging neoplasia as well as radiation therapy (RT) and radiation treatment planning (RTP). If the attending clinician is focused on the primary tumor and the CT is not subsequently reviewed by a radiologist, it is possible that lesions unrelated to the tumor could be overlooked. Detection of comorbid conditions on CT scans could influence the need for additional testing (such as biopsy or fine-needle aspiration and cytology) and mod...
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Oncology Source Type: research

The Importance of Positivity in Practice and Our Lives
Dear Colleagues, (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - March 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Mark Stetter Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Whole-blood taurine concentrations in cats with intestinal disease
Taurine is an essential amino acid in cats, because they lack the metabolic pathways to synthesize it from the precursors methionine and cysteine. In addition, cats conjugate bile acids solely with taurine, and these conjugated bile acids are absorbed from the terminal ileum. Therefore, clinically relevant ileal disease may impair the absorption of taurine-conjugated bile acids resulting in decreased whole-body taurine concentration. A significantly higher number of taurine-conjugated bile acids has been reported in the feces of mice with ileitis and colitis. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - March 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Owner adherence to flea and tick prevention recommendations
This study investigated United States veterinary hospital self-reported flea and tick prevention recommendations; dog owner recollection of these recommendations; dog owner opinion of flea/tick recommendations; and estimated owner flea and tick medication adherence based on veterinary hospital purchase records. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - March 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: General Practice Source Type: research

Acute-phase proteins and iron status in cats with chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 15 to 30% of geriatric cats. The role of inflammation in this disease is not well characterized. In human patients, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play key roles in the development and progression of CKD. Increased concentrations of positive acute-phase proteins (APPs), such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, have been described in humans with CKD and are associated with poor outcome. Anemia also is considered a negative prognostic factor in humans with renal failure, and evidence suggests that the severity of an...
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - March 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Nephrology/Urology Source Type: research

CSF levels of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy as a diagnostic marker of canine degenerative myelopathy
Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is a late-onset progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting many pure and mixed-breed dogs. The clinical spectrum of DM is homogeneous within and across breeds. Four stages of disease progression have been defined. Clinical signs are the result of multisystem neurodegeneration, resulting from progressive axonal degeneration of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1) mutations are risk factors for DM, with most cases resulting from autosomal recessive inheritance. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - March 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Neurology Source Type: research

Brachycephaly – is it bad?
Mammals often must dissipate excess metabolic heat to maintain the desired body temperature, typically by use of conduction and evaporation to transfer heat to the surrounding environment. Some mammals, such as humans, horses, sheep, and goats, rely on evaporation of sweat for heat dissipation. Dogs lack extensive sweat glands and must rely on evaporation of water from moist mucous membranes of the respiratory tract for thermoregulation and dissipation of excess heat. Although respiratory evaporative cooling is just as effective as sweating on the basis of the amount of heat/mL of water evaporated, thermoregulation by resp...
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - March 1, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research