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Reducing Stress in Feline Patients
The standard of care for handling veterinary patients has changed. The late Dr. Sophia Yin devoted her career to teaching veterinary team members about the importance of attending to the behavioral needs of patients. Her books and videos1 clearly demonstrate practical techniques that can be used to reduce fear in dogs and cats when they are handled for veterinary procedures. Reducing patient stress is not an option. There is building evidence that it is a necessity. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Ellen M. Lindell Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Toys, activities, and behavior problems in cats
From 10 to 28% of cats surrendered to an animal shelter are relinquished because of behavior problems, particularly house spoiling, inter-pet problems, and aggression toward humans. If kept indoors a portion of the time, cats are less likely to be relinquished than cats that are kept outdoors. Keeping pet cats indoors increases life spans, minimizes predation on birds, and decreases shelter relinquishment. Today, 35% of U.S. owners keep their cats indoors all the time, and 56% keep their cats inside at least part of the day. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Behavior Source Type: research

Boxer right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a familial myocardial disease of the adult boxer dog. It is characterized by the presence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, syncope, and in a small percentage of dogs, myocardial dysfunction. ARVC is frequently associated with a deletion in the striatin gene. Although affected dogs may experience sudden cardiac death or progress to congestive heart failure, many dogs appear to live for years with stable disease. The natural history of the disease has not been well described. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Cardiology Source Type: research

Prognostic factors for perivascular wall tumors
Canine soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that comprise several neoplastic entities characterized by low metastatic potential and a variable recurrence rate after marginal surgical excision. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Clinical Pathology Source Type: research

Endotoxemia and kinetics of n-terminal pro-c-natriuretic peptide and cytokine
Biomarkers can be used to identify sepsis early in its development, thereby enabling rapid initiation of antibiotic therapy. This is in contrast to bacterial culture and susceptibility testing, which require several days to complete. Cytokines and chemokines that have been investigated as biomarkers for sepsis in dogs include tumor necrosis factor–alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-8 (IL-8, also known as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-8 or CXCL-8). (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Critical Care Source Type: research

Ocular trauma originating in the oral cavity
Complications associated with dental extraction include: root fracture, jaw fracture, inadvertent root retention, or damage to the surrounding tissue, including the orbit and globe. Trauma to orbital structures can result in cellulitis, abscess formation, or endophthalmitis. Some abscesses communicate with the intracranial space. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Dentistry Source Type: research

Grading of soft tissue sarcomas in dogs
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent 15% of all canine tumors (benign and malignant) of the skin and subcutaneous tissue and are the second most common malignant tumor of the skin and subcutis. The term STS encompasses a histologically heterogenous but clinically similar group of tumor types, including fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST), liposarcoma, and myxosarcoma. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Oncology Source Type: research

Negative pressure wound therapy
Closure of extensive traumatic cutaneous wounds should not be attempted until the wound is free of necrotic tissue, debris, and infection, preferably supporting a healthy bed of granulation tissue. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) involves the application of sub-atmospheric pressure to a wound. NPWT is gaining popularity in veterinary medicine as an adjunctive therapy before wound closure. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - May 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Surgery (Soft Tissue) Source Type: research

Lymphoma
is a common cancer in dogs, making up almost one fifth of all malignancies and over four fifths of all hematopoietic malignancies. Despite the general use of the term “lymphoma” as a definitive diagnosis in our canine patients, this term actually encompasses a wide range of subtypes with an equally wide range of clinical outcomes. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Laura Garrett Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Behavior effects from early gonadectomy in cats
Presently, surgical gonadectomy in cats is the most reliable and permanent method of contraception. Gonadectomy has been traditionally performed around the age of 6 months or later, but at that age, most cats have already entered puberty. Consequently, to ensure that adopted cats from shelters will not reproduce, prepubertal gonadectomy (PPG) is advocated. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Behavior Source Type: research

Effect of breed, body weight, and gender on blood parameters of adult dogs
Breed effects on biochemical variables have been increasingly reported for dogs. The dog provides a unique model, because there are more than 300 breeds with large phenotypic variations. Breed-specific ranges for serum biochemistry results may be diagnostically useful. Although significant differences have been observed in Alaskan malamute, Siberian husky, golden retriever, and English setter populations for various biochemical analytes, they have previously been considered irrelevant. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Clinical Pathology Source Type: research

Cytologic analysis of pericardial effusion in dogs
Pericardial effusion occurs in approximately 7% of dogs with clinical signs of cardiac disease. Causes include septic pericarditis, coagulopathies, left atrial rupture, neoplasia, and idiopathic pericardial effusion. Idiopathic effusions and cardiac hemangiosarcoma are the most common causes. Less common causes include heart base tumors, mesothelioma, and lymphoma. Prognosis varies greatly based on the underlying diagnosis. It is poor to guarded for hemangiosarcoma (median survival time, 1 to 4 months) and good to excellent for idiopathic effusions (survival time up to 4 years). (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Clinical Pathology Source Type: research

Serum calcium and phosphorus product and prognosis of chronic kidney disease
Hyperphosphatemia has been associated with decreased survival rate and increased morbidity in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Plasma phosphorus concentration is a predictor for progression of CKD in cats, with a 41% increase in the risk of disease progression for every increase in serum phosphorus of 1 mg/dl. Clinical signs of secondary renal hyperparathyroidism, such as bone demineralization, soft tissue calcification, renal osteodystrophy, and metastatic calcifications have been reported for both dogs and cats. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Neurology/Urology Source Type: research

Lipoprotein changes with renal disease
Alterations in lipid metabolism occur in 35 to 85% of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are characterized by increases in low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and their oxidized derivatives, as well as by decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL). These changes are considered largely responsible for associated cardiovascular disease. Lipoprotein changes also are thought to be key contributors to the oxidative injury and inflammation in the kidney. The incidence, severity, and consequences of altered lipid metabolism in dogs with CKD are unknown. (Source: Advances in Small Animal ...
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Neurology/Urology Source Type: research

Lingual hemangiosarcoma
Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant neoplasm arising from vascular endothelium which occurs in dogs. It comprises about 20% of all mesenchymal neoplasms and accounts for more than half of all malignant neoplasms of the spleen. The spleen is the most common primary site of HSA, although the primary site can involve the right atrium, subcutaneous tissues, and liver. Less commonly, HSA also arises from tissues such as the tongue, bone, urinary bladder, uterus, kidneys, and retroperitoneum. (Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery)
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - April 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Oncology Source Type: research