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A meta-analytic review of the association between cortisol reactivity in response to a stressor and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
AbstractA substantial literature suggests that abnormal cortisol reactivity may be a vulnerability for deleterious mental health outcomes, including ADHD. ADHD has been linked with difficulty in emotion regulation and increased risk of experiencing stressors, both of which may be related to psychobiological abnormalities (e.g., abnormal cortisol reactivity). Research has been mixed regarding the association between cortisol reactivity and ADHD. Therefore, the present meta-analytic review (k = 12) sought to quantify this association and review the relevant methodological issues and theoretical implications of this area of...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 5, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Reduced emotional empathy in adults with subclinical ADHD: evidence from the empathy and systemizing quotient
This study points to a relationship between traits of ADH D and the emotional aspect of empathy, whereas more complex aspects of empathy were unrelated. These findings should be corroborated in clinical patients with ADHD, employing neuropsychological tests rather than self-report questionnaires. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - August 23, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Prevalence of sexual dysfunctions and other sexual disorders in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared to the general population
In conclusion, sexual dysfunctions and other sexual disorders are highly prevalent in adults with ADHD. Screening for sexual disorders should be therefore standard procedure during diagnostic assessment. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - August 22, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Erratum to: Effects of atomoxetine on attention in Wistar rats treated with the neurotoxin N -(2-chloroethyl)- N -ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4)
(Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - July 15, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Subjective Distress Associated with Adult ADHD: evaluation of a new self-report
AbstractThe current study aims at documenting the psychometric properties of the Subjective Distress Associated with Adult ADHD-Self-Report (SDAAA-SR), a newly developed instrument for the assessment of psychological suffering in ADHD adults. The SDAAA-SR was administered to 247 students and 142 ADHD adults. Factor structure, internal consistency, test –retest reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity were assessed. Sensitivity to change was examined in a subsample of 25 ADHD patients who participated in a 1-year therapy. The initial pool of 62 items was reduced to 33 items distributed in a three-compone...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - June 10, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Supporting patients with ADHD: Missed opportunities?
(Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 18, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Emerging role of miRNA in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review
AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder whose aetiology still remains elusive. Nevertheless, evidence supports a high genetic contribution that interacts with environmental factors, also known to modulate epigenetic processes. These epigenetic modulators are a class of non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), known as post-transcriptional regulators, which have emerged as prospective players in neuropsychiatric disorders since they play a role in brain development, synapse formation, and the fine-tuning of genes underlying synaptic and memory formation. Here, we review the current...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 10, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Predictors of relapse or maintenance of response in pediatric and adult patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder following discontinuation of long-term treatment with atomoxetine
AbstractWe identified relapse/maintenance-of-response (MOR) predictors following discontinuation of long-term atomoxetine treatment in pediatric and adult patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and assessed correlations between ADHD symptoms and quality of life (QoL).Post hoc analyses of data from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 withdrawal studies in patients with ADHD meeting predefined response criteria before randomization. Study 1: patients (N = 163; 6–15 years) received atomoxetine (1.2–1.8 mg/kg/day) for 1 year, followed by randomization to atomoxetine (n = ...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 5, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Positive alcohol expectancies mediate associations between ADHD behaviors and alcohol-related problems among college students
AbstractAn increasing percentage of college students report being affected by ADHD behaviors, and this population is at increased risk of experiencing negative consequences associated with alcohol consumption. However, specific factors motivating alcohol consumption and contributing to negative outcomes among these individuals are not well understood. Recent work suggests alcohol expectancies may interact with ADHD behaviors to influence negative drinking-related outcomes among those with elevated inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Seven-hundred-forty emerging adults (M age  = 19.13 [SD = 2.25] years; 72.1% ...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 26, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Perception in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
This study presents the conduct and results of a systematic literature review on perceptual functions in children and adults with ADHD. This review considers studies using psychophysical methods (objective measurements) and self- and informant reports (subjective measurements). Results indicate that individuals with ADHD have altered perceptual functions in various domains as compared to typically developing individuals. Increased perceptual functions in individuals with ADHD were found with regard to olfactory detection thresholds, whereas reduced perceptual functions were evident for aspects of visual and speech percepti...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 11, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sedentary behavior in adolescence: a cross-sectional study
AbstractExisting studies reveal that high levels of sedentary behavior are associated with more inattention and hyperactivity problems. Since most previous studies used screen time as an indicator of sedentary behavior and assessed symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by short screening measures which do not allow to distinguish between subtypes of ADHD, the current study aimed to investigate association between different types of sedentary behavior and symptoms and subtypes of ADHD. The current cross-sectional study analyzed data of 913 students (46.1% girls) aged 13 –17 years (M = 15.0, SD =Â...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 4, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

6th World Congress on ADHD: From Child to Adult Disorder
(Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Relationship of self-mutilative behaviour with history of childhood trauma and adult ADHD symptoms in a sample of inpatients with alcohol use disorder
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate relationship of self-mutilative behaviour (SMB) with the severity of childhood trauma and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a sample of inpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants included 188 inpatients with AUD. Participants were evaluated with the Self-mutilative Behaviour Questionnaire, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) and the Adult ADD/ADHD DSM-IV Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale (Adult ADHD Scale). Among inpatients with AUD those who have a history of SMB constituted the SMB group (n = 57, 30.3%),...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Physiological substrates of executive functioning: a systematic review of the literature
AbstractExecutive function (EF) is a multifaceted construct that has been defined as a set of higher-order cognitive processes that allow for flexibility, self-regulation, strategic planning, and goal-directed behaviors. EFs have been studied in numerous clinical disorders using a variety of neuropsychological tasks and, more recently, neuroimaging techniques. The underlying physiological substrates of EF were historically attributed to the frontal lobes; however, recent studies suggest more widespread involvement of additional brain regions. The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review (using PRISMA...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - March 22, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Effects of atomoxetine on attention in Wistar rats treated with the neurotoxin N -(2-chloroethyl)- N -ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4)
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to assess the effects of the neurotoxinN-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4), which allows a depletion of noradrenergic terminals in a dose-dependent manner, on attention in rats as measured using the five-choice serial-reaction time task (5CSRTT). In addition, we investigated whether the effects of DSP4 treatment can be reversed by atomoxetine. Atomoxetine is a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor and has been shown to be effective in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Wistar rats were trained in the 5CSRTT and treated with one of the thr...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - March 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research