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Hyperactivity in mice lacking one allele of the glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 gene
AbstractGABAergic interneuron loss, maturational delay or imbalance of glutamatergic to GABAergic signaling has been implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders including Tourette syndrome and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In schizophrenia, decreases in parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (Sst) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) RNA have been observed and seem to indicate a failure in maturation in PV and Sst neurons. In Tourette syndrome, which has a high level of comorbid ADHD, reduced numbers of parvalbumin expressing neurons have been observed in the basal ganglia of affected patients. In addition...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - March 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The efficacy of cognitive –behavioral therapy for older adults with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial
This study examined response to treatment in older adults who participated in a previous study of the efficacy of cognitive –behavioral treatment (CBT) in adult ADHD. It was hypothesized that older adults would respond less well to CBT than younger adults, given the cognitive demands of the treatment. As described in the original publication, 88 adults who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD were randomized to receive either a manualized 12-week CBT group intervention targeting executive dysfunction or a parallel Support group. In the current study, outcomes for 26 adults, aged 50 or older, were compared with those of 55 younge...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - February 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, joint hypermobility-related disorders and pain: expanding body-mind connections to the developmental age
AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and generalized joint hypermobility (JH) are two separated conditions, assessed, and managed by different specialists without overlapping interests. Recently, some researchers highlighted an unexpected association between these two clinical entities. This happens in a scenario of increasing awareness on the protean detrimental effects that congenital anomalies of the connective tissue may have on human health and development. To review pertinent literature to identify possible connections between ADHD and GJH, special emphasis was put on musculoskeletal pain and syndr...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - February 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Factor structure and clinical correlates of the 61-item Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS)
This study identified a factor more aligned with DSM-5 conceptualization of ADHD as well as measures of other types of childhood characteristics and symptoms which may prove useful for both research and clinical practice. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - February 9, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Relation between internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and peer victimization among children with and without ADHD
AbstractThe current study explored the concurrent and longitudinal association between internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and peer victimization among children with and without ADHD. Eighty children (42 ADHD, 38 non-ADHD) ages 8 –12 participated in the present study conducted over a 6-month period. During the baseline session, parents completed a structured diagnostic interview and the Vanderbilt ADHD Parent Rating Scale to determine whether their child met criteria for ADHD, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to ass ess their child’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors; children completed the...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - January 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Acknowledgement to reviewers 2017
(Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - January 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

ADHD in acute care psychiatric inpatients
AbstractAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurocognitive disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and motor hyperactivity. The worldwide prevalence of ADHD, in the general adult population, has been estimated to be 2.8%. Patients with ADHD have a high incidence of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Those with a psychiatric disorder as well as ADHD have more psychosocial difficulties than those without ADHD. Despite knowing that ADHD is often comorbid with other psychiatric diagnoses, there are currently no studies elucidating the prevalence of ADHD in the inpatient psychi...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - January 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Correction to: Is emotion recognition the only problem in ADHD? Effects of pharmacotherapy on face and emotion recognition in children with ADHD
AbstractThe author would like to correct the error in the publication of the original article. The corrected details are given below for your reading. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - December 21, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Exploratory study of barriers to successful office contacts for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
AbstractThe American Academy of Pediatrics published attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) guidelines, but significant variability exists in care. This exploratory study aimed to understand barriers to compliance with primary care office contacts for ADHD medication management. The study was conducted at a single academic medical center via retrospective chart review between 6/1/15 and 5/31/16 in combination with telephone interviews. Participants included 306 children 6 –12 years old with an ADHD-related ICD-9/ICD-10 diagnosis. Factors affecting compliance were assessed via multivariable linear regression usi...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - December 8, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Symptom covariance accounts for behavioral approach associations across impulse control disorders
This study examined the role of symptom covariation in the relations among BAS dysfunction, ADHD symptoms, and comorbid impulsive personality disorder features. Undergraduates (N = 207) completed measures of BAS functioning, ADHD symptoms, and borderline and antisocial personality disorder symptoms, and associated features (i.e., relational aggression). Hierarchical regression suggested that age, impulsive ADHD symptoms, and relational aggression were associated with BAS functioning. Adding other ADHD symptom dimensions (inattention, hyperactivity) and antisocial and borderline scores to the model did not increase varian...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - November 22, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Intolerance of uncertainty in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
AbstractIntolerance of uncertainty (IU) has often been studied in the context of internalizing disorders, but no studies to our knowledge have explored the relation between IU and externalizing disorders. Given the proposed link between IU and emotion regulation, the current study sought to examine levels of IU in an externalizing clinical population with known emotion regulation difficulties —attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). IU levels in this population were compared to a clinical population known to experience elevated levels of IU. Participants in present study were ninety-three children (36 anxiety di...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - November 9, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Stimulant ‘rapid metabolizers’: wrong label, real phenomena
AbstractThis is a review of the empirical literature regarding what has been described anecdotally as patients who are ‘rapid metabolizers’ of stimulant medication. The authors propose that this is a misnomer used to describe two types of atypical pharmacokinetic patterns of response: high-dose responders, short-duration responders and two types of atypical pharmacodynamics patterns of response: patients who dev elop either acute or chronic tolerance. The authors propose that use of more precise terminology should facilitate both patient education and research to better understand the physiology and clinical management...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - November 4, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

ADHD symptoms in healthy adults are associated with stressful life events and negative memory bias
AbstractStressful life events, especially Childhood Trauma, predict ADHD symptoms. Childhood Trauma and negatively biased memory are risk factors for affective disorders. The association of life events and bias with ADHD symptoms may inform about the etiology of ADHD. Memory bias was tested using a computer task inN = 675 healthy adults. Life events and ADHD symptoms were assessed using questionnaires. The mediation of the association between life events and ADHD symptoms by memory bias was examined. We explored the roles of different types of life events and of ADHD symptom clusters. Life events and memory bias were ass...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - October 28, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

A case series on the potential effect of omega-3-fatty acid supplementation on 24-h heart rate variability and its circadian variation in children with attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder
Abstract Attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity (ADHD) in children is associated with decreased 24-h heart rate variability (HRV). Previous research has shown that supplementation of omega-3-fatty acid increases HRV. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the supplementation of omega-3-fatty acids would increase 24-h HRV in an uncontrolled case series of children with ADHD. HRV was recorded in 18 children and adolescents (age 13.35  ± 2.8 years) before and after omega-3 supplementation. Preliminary results indicate that omega-3 supplementation in children with AD(H)D may reduce mean heart rate and ...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - October 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The Zappel-Philipp a historical example of ADHD Clinics
This article describes the historical context and the biographical aspects related to this interesting approach to describing a psychiatric syndrome to children and adults. It also underlines the importance of a global approach of ADHD that considers the familial environment and situational context of symptoms. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research