ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The impact of successful learning of self-regulation on reward processing in children with ADHD using fMRI
AbstractNeurofeedback (NF) is a non-pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that is targeting self-regulation, is efficacious when standard protocols are used and induces partly specific neurophysiological changes in the inhibitory network. However, its effects on reward processing, which is also considered an important aspect of ADHD and has been linked to neurophysiological deficits, remain unknown. Children with ADHD (N = 15, mean age 11.8, SD 1.52) were randomly assigned to either slow cortical potential NF (n = 8) or EMG biofeedback control training (n = 7) and receive...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Rapid screening for cognitive deficits in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders with the screen for cognitive impairment in psychiatry
AbstractCognitive impairments constitute a core feature of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), but are infrequently assessed in the clinical setting. We have previously demonstrated the ability of an objective cognitive battery, the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP), to differentiate adult ADHD patients from healthy controls in five cognitive domains. Here, we further characterize these subtle cognitive deficits by conducting additional univariate analyses on our ADHD dataset to assess the contributions of various demographic characteristics on SCIP performance and to determine correlat...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Behavioral adjustment to asymmetric reward availability among children with and without ADHD: effects of past and current reinforcement contingencies
AbstractAltered reinforcement sensitivity is hypothesized to underlie symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here we evaluate the behavioral sensitivity of Brazilian children with and without ADHD to a change in reward availability. Forty typically developing children and 32 diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD completed a signal-detection task in which correct discriminations between two stimuli were associated with different frequencies of reinforcement. The response alternative associated with the higher rate of reinforcement switched, without warning, after 30 rewards were delivered. The task continued unti...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Work participation in ADHD and associations with social characteristics, education, lifetime depression, and ADHD symptom severity
AbstractThe literature refers to high rates of occupational failure in the population of adults with ADHD. The explanation for this is less known. The aim of the present study was to examine associations between social characteristics and clinical features of adults with ADHD and their occupational outcome. Out of 1050 patients diagnosed with ADHD in a specialized outpatient clinic between 2005 and 2017, 813 (77.4%) agreed to participate in the study. ADHD was diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria, and ADHD subtypes recorded accordingly. Lifetime depression was diagnosed using the specific module of the Mini International...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, joint hypermobility-related disorders and pain: expanding body-mind connections to the developmental age
AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and generalized joint hypermobility (JH) are two separated conditions, assessed, and managed by different specialists without overlapping interests. Recently, some researchers highlighted an unexpected association between these two clinical entities. This happens in a scenario of increasing awareness on the protean detrimental effects that congenital anomalies of the connective tissue may have on human health and development. To review pertinent literature to identify possible connections between ADHD and GJH, special emphasis was put on musculoskeletal pain and syndr...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Intolerance of uncertainty in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
AbstractIntolerance of uncertainty (IU) has often been studied in the context of internalizing disorders, but no studies to our knowledge have explored the relation between IU and externalizing disorders. Given the proposed link between IU and emotion regulation, the current study sought to examine levels of IU in an externalizing clinical population with known emotion regulation difficulties —attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). IU levels in this population were compared to a clinical population known to experience elevated levels of IU. Participants in present study were ninety-three children (36 anxiety di...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Factor structure and clinical correlates of the 61-item Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS)
This study identified a factor more aligned with DSM-5 conceptualization of ADHD as well as measures of other types of childhood characteristics and symptoms which may prove useful for both research and clinical practice. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The efficacy of cognitive –behavioral therapy for older adults with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial
This study examined response to treatment in older adults who participated in a previous study of the efficacy of cognitive –behavioral treatment (CBT) in adult ADHD. It was hypothesized that older adults would respond less well to CBT than younger adults, given the cognitive demands of the treatment. As described in the original publication, 88 adults who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD were randomized to receive either a manualized 12-week CBT group intervention targeting executive dysfunction or a parallel Support group. In the current study, outcomes for 26 adults, aged 50 or older, were compared with those of 55 younge...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Symptom covariance accounts for behavioral approach associations across impulse control disorders
This study examined the role of symptom covariation in the relations among BAS dysfunction, ADHD symptoms, and comorbid impulsive personality disorder features. Undergraduates (N = 207) completed measures of BAS functioning, ADHD symptoms, and borderline and antisocial personality disorder symptoms, and associated features (i.e., relational aggression). Hierarchical regression suggested that age, impulsive ADHD symptoms, and relational aggression were associated with BAS functioning. Adding other ADHD symptom dimensions (inattention, hyperactivity) and antisocial and borderline scores to the model did not increase varian...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Relation between internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and peer victimization among children with and without ADHD
AbstractThe current study explored the concurrent and longitudinal association between internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and peer victimization among children with and without ADHD. Eighty children (42 ADHD, 38 non-ADHD) ages 8 –12 participated in the present study conducted over a 6-month period. During the baseline session, parents completed a structured diagnostic interview and the Vanderbilt ADHD Parent Rating Scale to determine whether their child met criteria for ADHD, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to ass ess their child’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors; children completed the...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research