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Exploratory study of barriers to successful office contacts for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
AbstractThe American Academy of Pediatrics published attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) guidelines, but significant variability exists in care. This exploratory study aimed to understand barriers to compliance with primary care office contacts for ADHD medication management. The study was conducted at a single academic medical center via retrospective chart review between 6/1/15 and 5/31/16 in combination with telephone interviews. Participants included 306 children 6 –12 years old with an ADHD-related ICD-9/ICD-10 diagnosis. Factors affecting compliance were assessed via multivariable linear regression usi...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - September 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Correlates of nicotine dependence in men with childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a 33-year follow-up
AbstractIdentify correlates of nicotine dependence [lifetime (l) and ongoing (o)] in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood. We conducted a 33-year prospective follow-up of boys (mean age 8) with combined type ADHD (n = 135/207, 65% original sample). Correlates of nicotine dependence in adulthood were selected from characteristics obtained in childhood and adolescence. Among selected childhood features, only immature behavior was significantly related to nicotine dependence (OR(o) = 0.29,p = 0.02), indexing decreased risk. In contrast, several adolescent variables significantly...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - August 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

ADHD symptoms in a young patient with central diabetes insipidus
AbstractDiabetes insipidus is known to be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. In this case report, we present a child suffering from a central diabetes insipidus (DI) and an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The DI was due to a mutation on the vasopressin gene, impairing its secretion. We discuss the effects of this impairment on the central nervous system and how it might be linked to ADHD symptoms. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - August 29, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Evaluating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using ecological momentary assessment: a systematic review
AbstractEcological momentary assessment is an excellent tool for the measurement of different day-to-day domains in patients and capturing real-world and real-time data. The purpose of this review is to evaluate feasibility in current ecological momentary assessment studies on emotional and behavioral functioning, functional impairments, and quality of life patients with an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosis. This systematic review follows the recommendation of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines selecting articles published from January 1, 1990, up to the ...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - August 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Parent and child neurocognitive functioning predict response to behavioral parent training for youth with ADHD
This study demonstrates the feasibility of bridging the translational research gap between basic and applied clinical science and facilitates research on the role of cognition in psychosocial interventions. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - July 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

What stops practitioners discussing medication breaks in children and adolescents with ADHD? Identifying barriers through theory-driven qualitative research
AbstractNational and international guidelines on the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents call for annual reviews to assess continuing need for medication by considering brief periods without medication, referred to as ‘Drug holidays’. However, drug holidays are reactively initiated by families, or recommended by practitioners if growth has been suppressed by medication rather than proactively to check the need. There is little evidence of planned, practitioner-initiated drug holidays from methylphenidate. The aim of this study was to identify what stops practitioners...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - July 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

ADHD in acute care psychiatric inpatients
AbstractAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurocognitive disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and motor hyperactivity. The worldwide prevalence of ADHD, in the general adult population, has been estimated to be 2.8%. Patients with ADHD have a high incidence of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Those with a psychiatric disorder as well as ADHD have more psychosocial difficulties than those without ADHD. Despite knowing that ADHD is often comorbid with other psychiatric diagnoses, there are currently no studies elucidating the prevalence of ADHD in the inpatient psychi...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Correction to: Is emotion recognition the only problem in ADHD? Effects of pharmacotherapy on face and emotion recognition in children with ADHD
AbstractThe author would like to correct the error in the publication of the original article. The corrected details are given below for your reading. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Performance-based measures and behavioral ratings of executive function in diagnosing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children
AbstractDeficits in real-world executive functioning (EF) are a frequent characteristic of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the predictive value of using performance-based and behavioral rating measures of EF when diagnosing ADHD remains unclear. The current study investigates the use of performance-based EF measures and a parent-report questionnaire with established ecological validity and clinical utility when diagnosing ADHD. Participants included 21 healthy controls, 21 ADHD —primary inattentive, and 21 ADHD—combined type subjects aged 6–15 years. A brief neuropsychological battery was a...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 16, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

How do children with and without ADHD talk about frustration?: Use of a novel emotion narrative recall task
AbstractChildren with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience difficulties related to emotional reactivity and regulation. The current study examines differences in the emotional reactivity and regulation of children with and without ADHD in the context of their real-life experiences of negative emotion using a novel ecologically valid methodology. Eighty-three 8 –12-year-old children (46 ADHD, 38 non-ADHD) participated in the study. Children completed the negative emotion narrative recall task, a novel task whereby children provided a narrative recall of a real-life event where they experienced negati...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - March 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research