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The impact of sleep restriction on daytime movement in typically developing children
Abstract The current study investigated the link between poor sleep and ADHD symptomatology. The effects of extending versus restricting sleep on subjective (questionnaires) and objective (actigraphy) measures of daytime movement were examined in 25 typically developing children aged 8–12 years. Subjective measures demonstrated an increase in ADHD symptomology following sleep restriction, with follow-up analyses indicating that findings were due to poorer attention, not changes in hyperactivity. The results of actigraphy data indicated that there were no differences found for mean or median daytime act...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - July 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

ADHD stigma among college students
Abstract The current study examined ADHD stigma within a college-enrolled young adult population, including the debate regarding the cause of stigma: label or behavior. In Phase 1, 135 college students rated stigma toward one of the four fictitious partners described as having either: the label of ADHD alone, the behaviors associated with ADHD alone, the label of ADHD and a set of behaviors associated with ADHD, or neither the label nor behaviors. In Phase 2, 48 college students rated stigma toward one of the two assigned fictitious partners described as having either: the label of ADHD and a set of beha...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - July 2, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Under Treatment Outcomes Research (AUTOR): a European observational study in pediatric subjects
Abstract The ADHD Under Treatment Observational Research (AUTOR) study was a European prospective, observational study that assessed factors associated with changes in ADHD severity, estimated change from baseline in quality of life (QoL), and characterized changes in ADHD symptoms over a 2-year period as a function of baseline treatment. The primary objective was to identify factors associated with worsening in ADHD severity during a 2-year follow-up period for subjects aged 6–17 years, who were receiving the same pharmacotherapy for 3–8 months before enrollment and had a Clinical Global Impression...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - June 26, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Lifetime stability of ADHD symptoms in older adults
Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to continue into old age. Studies in children and younger adults show a reduction in hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, whereas the number of inattentive symptoms stays stable. The current study examined the lifetime stability of ADHD symptoms up to old age. Data on ADHD diagnosis and symptoms were collected in a two-phase side-study (N = 231) of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Paired t tests and ANCOVAs were used to analyze the data. Paired t test suggests continuity of the number of reported ADHD symptoms currently pre...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - June 12, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Acknowledgement to reviewers 2014
(Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 28, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Saccadic movement deficiencies in adults with ADHD tendencies
Abstract The goal of the present study was to explore deficits in gaze detection and emotional value judgment during a saccadic eye movement task in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tendencies. Thirty-two participants, consisting of 16 ADHD tendencies and 16 controls, were recruited from a pool of 243 university students. Among the many problems in adults with ADHDs, our research focused on the deficits in the processing of nonverbal cues, such as gaze direction and the emotional value of others’ faces. In Experiment 1, a cue display containing a face with emotional val...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 21, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Types of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): baseline characteristics, initial response, and long-term response to treatment with methylphenidate
Abstract Much recent research describes the importance of emotional symptoms in ADHD. While there is no accepted system for including emotionality in diagnosing ADHD, the Wender–Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (WRAADDS) provides a tool to facilitate this. It assesses a range of adult ADHD symptoms which load on two factors: inattentive and emotional dysregulation. The consistently high inattentive factor was used to define significant elevation on the more variable emotional dysregulation factor (which contains four WRAADDS domains: hyperactivity/restlessness, temper, affective lability,...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 19, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

ADHD symptomatology is best conceptualized as a spectrum: a dimensional versus unitary approach to diagnosis
Abstract The aim of this paper is to build a case for the utility of conceptualizing ADHD, not as a unitary disorder that contains several subtypes, but rather as a marker of impairment in attention and/or impulsivity that can be used to identify one of several disorders belonging to a spectrum. The literature will be reviewed to provide an overview of what is known about ADHD in terms of heterogeneity in symptomatology, neuropsychology, neurobiology, as well as comorbidity with other diseases and treatment options. The data from these areas of research will be critically analyzed to support the construct...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The association of emotional lability and emotional and behavioral difficulties among children with and without ADHD
This study examined the effects of emotional lability over time on the behavioral and emotional difficulties of children with and without ADHD using an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodology. One hundred and two children aged 8–12 years (56 with ADHD and 46 without ADHD) and their parents completed baseline measures of the children’s behavioral and emotional difficulties. Parents then completed a 28-day 3-times daily EMA assessment protocol to rate their child’s emotional lability. Results suggested that emotional lability was associated with internalizing and/or externalizing diagnoses independent of ADH...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

5th World Congress on ADHD: From Child to Adult Disorder 28–31 May 2015 · Glasgow · Scotland Editors: Manfred Gerlach, Würzburg, Germany Peter Riederer, Würzburg, Germany Luis A. Rohde, Porto Alegre, Brazil Andreas Warnke, Würzburg, Germany
(Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - May 8, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Oxidative and nitrosative stress in ADHD: possible causes and the potential of antioxidant-targeted therapies
Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a complex aetiology although theories associated with disturbances in dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity are most commonly cited. The importance of these catecholamines in ADHD is supported by its effective treatment utilising stimulant and non-stimulant medications that modify their activity. Recently, there has been interest in oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) in ADHD and its potential to contribute to this condition. In this article, research investigating O&NS in ADHD is reviewed and its impact on catecholaminergic activi...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 19, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The clinical profile of children with ADHD that require OROS-methylphenidate combined with shorter-acting formulations
In this study, we characterized the clinical profile of children and adolescents for whom a once-daily lower dose of OROS-MPH combined with a shorter-acting agent was more tolerable than single higher OROS-MPH dose. In our cohort of 128 children treated with OROS-MPH, 47 (36.7 %) better tolerated a lower dose of OROS-MPH combined with short-acting MPH formulations (Group I). Nevertheless, for the majority (81 patients—63.3 %), a standard single moderate dose of OROS-MPH was sufficient (Group II). The mean daily doses of MPH were: 0.83 ± 0.21 mg/kg for Group I and 1.06 ± 0.29 mg/kg for Group II. There were no si...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - April 3, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Using factor analytic models to examine the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and health-related outcomes in a representative population survey
The objective of the study was to examine the factor structure of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a representative population survey of adults and the association of these factors with health outcomes. Hierarchical and correlated factor analysis models were compared, and regression analyses with these models were used to determine the associations with psychological distress and substance use problems. A total of 1449 adults 18–65 years of age participated in a cross-sectional survey over the phone. ADHD symptom data came from an ADHD screener (10 items), and health outcomes were asses...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - March 26, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Cognitive behavior therapy-based psychoeducational groups for adults with ADHD and their significant others (PEGASUS): an open clinical feasibility trial
The objective burden of care (such as financial problems) did not change. The findings support the potential value of psychoeducation for adults with ADHD and their significant others. An ongoing randomized controlled trial will generate further evidence concerning the PEGASUS program. (Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders)
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - February 26, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Does adult ADHD interact with COMT val 158 met genotype to influence working memory performance?
This study offers an investigation of a possible interaction between ADHD diagnosis and COMT genotype on measures of working memory and executive function. Thirty-five adults with ADHD, who were recruited from the ADHD outpatient clinic at the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, and thirty-five matched healthy controls completed the Digit Span test and the Stroop Color Word Test. While there were no main effects of ADHD or COMT, the two factors interacted on both Digit Span subtests with the two groups’ met/met carriers showing significantly different performance on the Di...
Source: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - February 26, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research