MicroRNA-133a suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of laryngeal carcinoma cells by targeting CD47
AbstractThe study aims to investigate the possible mechanisms of microRNA-133a (miR-133a) targeting CD47 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in laryngeal carcinoma. Forty-two laryngeal carcinoma tissue specimens confirmed by pathological examination from laryngeal carcinoma patients as the case group were collected, and 20 chronic laryngitis tissues were gathered as the control group. The human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 was marked as the miR-133a mimic, negative control (NC), miR-133a inhibitor, CD47-siRNA, miR-133a inhibitor + CD47-siRNA, and Mock groups. The expression of CD47 protein and ...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 10, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Downregulation of Smurf2 ubiquitin ligase in pancreatic cancer cells reversed TGF- β-induced tumor formation
AbstractSmad ubiquitin regulatory factor 2 (Smurf2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling and is implicated in a wide range of cellular responses. However, the exact mechanism whereby Smurf2 controls TGF-β-induced signaling pathways remains unknown. Here, we identified the relationship between the alternate TGF-β signaling pathways: TGF-β/PI3K/Akt/β-catenin and TGF-β/Smad2/3/FoxO1/PUMA and Smurf2. The results showed that TGF-β promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration of human pancreatic carcinoma (PANC-1) cells through the PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway. In...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 10, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Interleukin 10 promotes immune response by increasing the survival of activated CD8 + T cells in human papillomavirus 16-infected cervical cancer
AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV)-specific CD8+ T cells are present in HPV-infected cervical cancer patients and have demonstrated potent antitumor properties. However, these cells cannot control tumor progression in most patients. To investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in suppressing or promoting CD8+ T cell functions, we focused on interleukin 10 (IL-10), a pleiotropic cytokine with controversial roles in antitumor immunity. We found that compared to healthy controls, circulating CD8+ T cells in HPV 16-infected cervical cancer patients expressed significantly higher levels of IL-10. Interestingly, these CD8+ ...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 10, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MicroRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of chondrosarcoma
AbstractMicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNAs that play a complex role in post-transcriptional gene expression and can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted treatment. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment of chondrosarcoma, its underpinning molecular mechanisms still remain elusive. Given the recent increasing knowledge base of micro RNA (miRNA) roles in neoplasia, both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, this review will focus on discussing the available data on expression profiles and potential roles of miRNA in chondrosarcoma. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs have the potential...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 10, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Lapatinib resistance in HER2+ cancers: latest findings and new concepts on molecular mechanisms
AbstractIn the era of new and mostly effective molecular targeted therapies, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) cancers are still intractable diseases. Lapatinib, a dual epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has greatly improved breast cancer prognosis in recent years after the initial introduction of trastuzumab (Herceptin). However, clinical evidence indicates the existence of both primary unresponsiveness and secondary lapatinib resistance, which leads to the failure of this agent in HER2+ cancer patients. It remains a major clinical challenge to target the on...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Downregulation of RUVBL1 inhibits proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells by G1/S phase cell cycle arrest via multiple mechanisms
AbstractLung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity worldwide, of which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80 %. RUVBL1 is a highly conserved eukaryotic AAA+ adenosine 5′-triphosphatase (ATPase) that has many functions highly relevant to cancer. We therefore attempted to determine the potential role of RUVBL1 in the biogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma and obtained some interesting results. Our study revea led that RUVBL1 expression was higher in lung adenocarcinoma specimens than in those of adjacent non-tumor tissues and in lung cancer cell lines than in normal lung cell li...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MiRNA-221-3p desensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil by targeting RB1
In this study, we investigated the association between miR-221-3p expression and 5-FU sensitivity. Studies on pancreatic cancer cell lines suggested an increased 5-FU resistance with miR-221-3p over-expression. In addition, the results indicated that miR-221-3p down-regulated RB1 expression by directly binding to its 3 ′-UTR and therefore caused increased several aspects of pancreatic cancer pathogenesis, including proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Collectively, our findings revealed the important role of miR-221-3p in promoting 5-FU resistance of pancreatic cancer cells and...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Downregulation of ARHGDIA contributes to human glioma progression through activation of Rho GTPase signaling pathway
In this study, we discovered that ARHGDIA is much downregulated in human glioma; meanwhile, its expression negatively correlates with glioma malignancy and positively relates to prognosis of glioma patients. It has independent predictive value of ARHGDIA expression level for overall survival of human glioma patients. Glioma patients with ARHGDIA-positive expression have a longer overall survival time than ARHGDIA-negative patients. Knockdown of ARHGDIA promotes cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cell migration due to the activation of Rho GTPases (Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA) and Akt phosphorylation, whereas overexp...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MiRNA-binding site functional polymorphisms in DNA repair genes RAD51 , RAD52 , and XRCC2 and breast cancer risk in Chinese population
AbstractRAD51, RAD52, and XRCC2 are all involved in DNA homologous recombinational repair, and there are interactions among those genes. Polymorphisms in 3 ′-UTR of DNA repair genes may change DNA repair capacity by regulating gene expression. However, potential regulatory variants affecting their expression remain largely unexplored. Five miRNA-binding site SNPs (rs7180135 and rs45549040 in RAD51, rs1051669 and rs7963551 in RAD52 and rs3218550 in XR CC2) selected by bioinformatics method were genotyped in 498 breast cancer (BC) patients and 498 matched controls in Chinese population. Association between SNPs and BC risk...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Dendritic cells loading autologous tumor lysate promote tumor angiogenesis
In this study, we found that mice immunized with ATL-DC induced less protective anti-tumor effect than immunized with DC alone. The percentage of CD8+ T cells and the lysis efficiency of CTLs to auto tumor cells in ATL-DC vaccination group was less than that of DC group. Moreover, vaccination of mice with ATL-DC also promoted tumor angiogenesis by analyzing the CD31 positive microvessel density and hemoglobin content of tumor specimens. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) have been proved effective in the anti-angiogenesis immunity against cancer. However, in the following research we found that the anti-tumor e...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Upregulated long non-coding RNA BC032469 enhances carcinogenesis and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through regulating hTERT expression
AbstractCurrently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have critical regulatory roles in various cancers. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains largely unknown. Here, we focused on lncRNA BC032469, one of the lncRNAs involved in the development of ESCC. The levels of a specific differentially expressed lncRNA (termed lncRNA-BC032469) were measured in 45 paired esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and then subjected to correlation analysis with clinical parameters and prognosis. The functions of lncRNA-BC032469 were evaluated by sil...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Reduced decorin expression in the tumor stroma correlates with tumor proliferation and predicts poor prognosis in patients with I –IIIA non-small cell lung cancer
AbstractDecorin, chiefly synthesized by tumor stroma, is known as a tumor suppressor. However, the clinical and prognostic significance in lung cancer remained unclear. Here, decorin and Ki67 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in I –IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues (n = 264) in comparison to adjacent normal tissues (n = 40). The relationship between the expression of decorin and clinical characteristics, as well as Ki67 index and prognosis, was analyzed. Decorin expression was decreased in both the stroma (P < 0.001) and the tumor cells (P = 0.038) in NSCLC specimens. There w...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Diverse roles of miR-335 in development and progression of cancers
AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), a series of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional/translational level, are pivotal in cell differentiation, biological development, occurrence, and development of diseases, especially in cancers. Early studies have shown that miRNA-335 (miR-335) is widely dysregulated in human cancers and play critical roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this review, we aim to summarize the regulation of miR-335 expression mechanisms in cancers. We focus on the target genes regulated by miR-335 and its downstream signaling pathways involved in the biological ...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A promising prediction model for survival in gallbladder carcinoma patients: pretreatment prognostic nutrient index
In conclusion, pretreatment PNI might serve as an effective predictor to evaluate prognosis of GBC patients after surgery. Based on the findings, PNI, characterized with accessibility, objectivity and noninvasiveness, should be included in the routine assessment of GBC. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - October 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Expression and significance of Hippo/YAP signaling in glioma progression
In this study, we thoroughly examined the profile of core components of Hippo/YAP signaling in patient specimens both at the mRNA and at protein levels. We found that the mRNA level of YAP1/TAZ and their target genes, CRY61, CTGF, and BIRC5, was remarkably amplified in glioma tissues. Consistently, the protein level of YAP1/TAZ increased and meanwhile those of p-YAP1/p-TAZ and LATS1/2 decreased in gliomas. Unexpectedly, both the mRNA and protein levels of MST1/2 increased in the glioma tissues, inconsistent with its presumed tumor suppressor identity. In addition, over-expression of LATS2 decreased, while over-expression o...
Source: Tumor Biology - October 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
