Armillaridin induces autophagy-associated cell death in human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells
In conclusion, AM is capable of inhibiting growth and inducing autophagy-associated cell death in K562 cells, but not in normal monocytes. It may have potential to be developed as a novel therapeutic agent against leukemia. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - September 2, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Association of Sp1 and survivin in epithelial ovarian cancer: Sp1 inhibitor and cisplatin, a novel combination for inhibiting epithelial ovarian cancer cell proliferation
AbstractThe expression of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) and survivin was evaluated in clinical specimens of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. When compared to normal tissue, EOC samples showed high expression of Sp1 and survivin using qPCR (Sp1: ∼2-fold; survivin: ∼5-fold) and Western blot (Sp1:>2.6-fold; survivin:>100-fold). The Sp1 inhibitor, and anti-cancer small molecule, tolfenamic acid (TA), was tested to enhance the response of Cisplatin (Cis) in EOC cell lines. Cell viability (CellTiter-Glo), combination index (CalcuSyn software), apoptosis (Annexin-V staining), cell cycle analyses (flow cytometry),...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 30, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Targeted deactivation of cancer-associated fibroblasts by β-catenin ablation suppresses melanoma growth
AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the crucial components of the dynamic tumor microenvironment, which not only supports the growth and metastasis of melanoma but also contributes to drug resistance in melanoma treatment. We recently discovered that loss of β-catenin signaling deactivated stromal fibroblasts and reduced the production of paracrine factors and extracellular matrix proteins. Based on this finding, we aimed to determine whether melanoma growth could be suppressed by targeted deactivation of CAFs via β-catenin ablation using a combinatio n of in vitro and in vivo approaches. Using an in vitro t...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MicroRNA-127 is aberrantly downregulated and acted as a functional tumor suppressor in human pancreatic cancer
In this study, we intended to explore the molecular functional of microRNA-127 (miR-127) in regulating pancreatic cancer development both in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to evaluate endogenous miR-127 expression in in vitro pancreatic cancer cell lines and in vivo clinical samples of pancreatic carcinoma. Lentiviral technology was applied to overexpress miR-127 in capan-1 and PANC-1 cells. Pancreatic cancer proliferation, cell-cycle progression, and invasion were assessed in vitro, and capan-1-derived tumorigenicity was evaluated in vivo. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and qRT-PCR w...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Expression of the circulating and the tissue microRNAs after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy in mice mammary tumor
In this study, to evaluate miRNA expression associated with the tumor progression and response to treatment, 60 BALB/c mice received subcutaneous injections of 4T1 cells. The study includes ten groups: one group as control, six groups were euthanized at different time points to assess the role of miRNA expression in the tumor progression, and three groups received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery to evaluate miRNA expression in response to treatment. MicroRNAs were extracted from the breast tumor and the plasma samples, and their relative expressions were quantified using qRT-PCR. MiR-155 expression was increased in...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 25, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Targeting cancer stem cell-specific markers and/or associated signaling pathways for overcoming cancer drug resistance
AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of tumor cells with capabilities of self-renewal, dedifferentiation, tumorigenicity, and inherent chemo-and-radio therapy resistance. Tumor resistance is believed to be caused by CSCs that are intrinsically challenging to common treatments. A number of CSC markers including CD44, CD133, receptor tyrosine kinase, aldehyde dehydrogenases, epithelial cell adhesion molecule/epithelial specific antigen, and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 have been proved as the useful targets for defining CSC population in solid tumors. Furthermore, targeting CSC markers thro...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 25, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
PTK7 regulates radioresistance through nuclear factor-kappa B in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
This study demonstrates that PTK7 plays a significant role in ESCC radioresistance via the NF-kB pathway. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - August 23, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Decreased expression of LncRNA SLC25A25-AS1 promotes proliferation, chemoresistance, and EMT in colorectal cancer cells
In this study, we aimed to dig out potential dysregulated lncRNAs that are highly involved in CRC development. Using a lncRNA-mining approach, we performed lncRNA expression profiling in a large CRC cohort from Gene Expression Ominus (GEO), GSE39582 test series (N = 585). We identified 31 downregulated lncRNAs and 16 upregulated lncRNAs from the GSE39582 test series patients (566 tumor patients and 19 normal controls). The reliability of lncRNA expression profiles was further confirmed by RT-qPCR in carcinoma tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues from 30 CRC patients, also in the serum from 109 CRC patients, and 99 ...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 22, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Downregulation of paraoxonase 3 contributes to aggressive human hepatocellular carcinoma progression and associates with poor prognosis
This study aimed to examine the expression of PON3 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and investigate the clinical significance and biological function of PON3 in HCC patients. We first analyzed PON3 expression in 50 paired HCC samples (HCC tissues vs matched para-cancerous tissues) and 160 clinical HCC specimens by using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our results showed that the expression of PON3 was downregulated in HCC and significantly associated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, tumor size, and tumor number. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses showed that PON3 was an independent prognostic facto...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 22, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
DDB2 increases radioresistance of NSCLC cells by enhancing DNA damage responses
AbstractRadiotherapy resistance is one of the major factors limiting the efficacy of radiotherapy in lung cancer patients. The extensive investigations indicate the diversity in the mechanisms underlying radioresistance. Here, we revealed that DNA damage binding protein 2 (DDB2) is a potential regulator in the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. DDB2, originally identified as a DNA damage recognition factor in the nucleotide excision repair, promotes the survival and inhibits the apoptosis of NSCLC cell lines upon ionizing radiation (IR). Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that DDB2 is able t...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 22, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
43th ISOBM Annual Congress of International Society of Oncology and BioMarkers, September 1-6, 2016 Chicago, USA
(Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - August 19, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Depletion of STYK1 inhibits intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma development both in vitro and in vivo
In this study,STYK1 was knocked down in the ICC cell lines HCCC-9810 and RBE via a lentivirus-mediated system using short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Next, cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle progression, tumor formation in nude mice, migration and invasion, and the expression levels of cell cycle proteins in Lv-sh STYK1- or Lv-sh Con-infected cells were analyzed by CCK-8 assay, colony formation evaluation, flow cytometry, tumor formation evaluation, wound scratch assay, transwell assay, and western blotting. The results indicated that depletion of STYK1 inhibits ICC development both in vitro and in vivo. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - August 18, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MiR-384 regulated IRS1 expression and suppressed cell proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma
AbstractAcquired evidence indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) played essential roles in cancer development, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Functions and mechanisms of miRNAs involved in HCC remain largely unknown. Here, we found that miR-384 was significantly downregulated in HCC cells and tissues by RT-PCR. Gain and loss of function studies revealed that miR-384 significantly suppressed HCC cell proliferation. Insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1) was identified as a direct and functional target of miR-384. Moreover, miR-384 decreased IRS1 expression, subsequently downregulating cyclin D1 and upregulating p21 and p-...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 18, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Novel dual-mode nanobubbles as potential targeted contrast agents for female tumors exploration
In conclusion, the new dual-mode IR-780-nanobubbles are stable and have potential advantages in non-invasive tumor-specific detection for female tumo rs via contrast-enhanced ultrasound and NIRF imaging. (Source: Tumor Biology)
Source: Tumor Biology - August 18, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
hsa-miR-135a-1 inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and migration by targeting EGFR
AbstractProstate cancer is one of the leading causes of death in men worldwide. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with metastatic prostate cancer. However, their potential roles for affecting prostate cancer initiation and progression remain largely unknown. Here, we examined the aberrant expression profiles of miRNAs in human metastatic prostate cancer tissues. We further validated our miRNA expression data using two large, independent clinical prostate cancer datasets from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Our data support a model in which hsa-...
Source: Tumor Biology - August 13, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
