Modeling of EBV Infection and Antibody Responses in Kenyan Infants With Different Levels of Malaria Exposure Shows Maternal Antibody Decay is a Major Determinant of Early EBV Infection
In this study we analyzed the longitudinal antibody response to EBV in Kenyan infants with different levels of malaria exposure. We found that high malaria exposure was associated with a faster decline of maternally derived immunoglobulin G antibody to both the EBV viral capsid antigen and EBV nuclear antigen, followed by a more rapid rise in antibody response to EBV antigens in children from the high-malaria-transmission region. We also observed the long-term persistence of anti–viral capsid antigen immunoglobulin M responses in children from the high-malaria region. More rapid decay of maternal antibodies was a maj...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Reynaldi, A., Schlub, T. E., Piriou, E., Ogolla, S., Sumba, O. P., Moormann, A. M., Rochford, R., Davenport, M. P. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and the Proinflammatory Effects of Injection Drug Use
Conclusions. Immune activation, a well-defined surrogate of poor clinical outcome that is elevated in PWID, can regress to normal levels in former injection drug users who are HCV aviremic. Therefore, enhanced harm-reduction efforts should incorporate aggressive treatment of HCV infection.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01831284. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Markowitz, M., Deren, S., Cleland, C., La Mar, M., Silva, E., Batista, P., St. Bernard, L., Gettie, N., Rodriguez, K., Evering, T. H., Lee, H., Mehandru, S. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Association Between Vaginal Douching and Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Women in the United States
The very few studies that have examined the association between vaginal douching and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have found contrary results. We investigated the associations between douching and numbers of HPV genotypes infecting 1271 participants aged 20–49 years in the 2003–2004 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After controlling for relevant covariates, douching in the past 6 months was significantly associated with infection by higher numbers of all genital HPV types (relative risk ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.54) and HPV high-risk types (1.40; 1.09...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Bui, T. C., Thai, T. N., Tran, L. T.-H., Shete, S. S., Ramondetta, L. M., Basen-Engquist, K. M. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
The Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Its Associations With Human Papillomavirus Detection in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Women
Conclusions. L. crispatus may have a beneficial effect on the burden of HPV in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women (independent of pH). (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Reimers, L. L., Mehta, S. D., Massad, L. S., Burk, R. D., Xie, X., Ravel, J., Cohen, M. H., Palefsky, J. M., Weber, K. M., Xue, X., Anastos, K., Minkoff, H., Atrio, J., D'Souza, G., Ye, Q., Colie, C., Zolnik, C. P., Spear, G. T., Strickler, H. D. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Zika Virus-Induced Antibody Response Enhances Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Replication In Vitro
Zika virus has emerged in the Americas, where dengue virus is endemic. Among the 4 serotypes of dengue virus, antibody-dependent enhancement is thought to enhance viral replication and disease severity. Reports suggest that anti–dengue virus antibody may enhance Zika virus replication. We investigated whether Zika virus antibodies enhance dengue virus replication, by exposing C57Bl/6 mice to Zika virus. Polyclonal serum was verified for strong Zika virus–neutralizing, dengue virus–subneutralizing capacity. Then we determined the enhancement capabilities of Zika virus–immune serum for dengue virus in...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kawiecki, A. B., Christofferson, R. C. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
A Phase 1 Study of 4 Live, Recombinant Human Cytomegalovirus Towne/Toledo Chimera Vaccines in Cytomegalovirus-Seronegative Men
Conclusions. The Towne/Toledo chimera vaccine candidates were well tolerated and were not excreted. Additional human trials of chimeras 2 and 4 are appropriate.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01195571. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Adler, S. P., Manganello, A.-M., Lee, R., McVoy, M. A., Nixon, D. E., Plotkin, S., Mocarski, E., Cox, J. H., Fast, P. E., Nesterenko, P. A., Murray, S. E., Hill, A. B., Kemble, G. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Effects of Sodium Restriction on Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Immune Indices During HIV Infection
Conclusions. Dietary sodium restriction, which activates RAAS, uniquely stimulates critical indices of immune activation during HIV infection.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01407237. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Srinivasa, S., Burdo, T. H., Williams, K. C., Mitten, E. K., Wong, K., Fitch, K. V., Stanley, T., Adler, G. K., Grinspoon, S. K. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Metalloproteinases and Brain Arterial Remodeling Among Individuals With and Those Without HIV Infection
Conclusions. A role for MMP/TIMP balance in dolichoectasia appears more prominent in HIV-negative individuals, while apoptosis, mediated by caspase 3, is the most important determinant of media thinning in HIV-infected individuals. Furthermore, apoptosis and media thickness appear to mediate the effects of MMP in the HIV-infected population. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Gutierrez, J., Menshawy, K., Goldman, J., Dwork, A. J., Elkind, M. S. V., Marshall, R. S., Morgello, S. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Clinical Impact and Cost-effectiveness of Diagnosing HIV Infection During Early Infancy in South Africa: Test Timing and Frequency
Conclusions. EID at birth and 6 weeks improves outcomes and is cost-effective, compared with EID at 6 weeks alone. If scale-up costs are comparable, programs should add birth testing after strengthening 6-week testing programs. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Francke, J. A., Penazzato, M., Hou, T., Abrams, E. J., MacLean, R. L., Myer, L., Walensky, R. P., Leroy, V., Weinstein, M. C., Parker, R. A., Freedberg, K. A., Ciaranello, A. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Relationship Between HIV Coinfection, Interleukin 10 Production, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Human Lymph Node Granulomas
Conclusions. Peripheral CD4+ T-cell depletion correlated with increased M. tuberculosis presence, increased IL-10 production, and other phenotypic changes within granulomas, demonstrating the HIV infection progressively changes these granulomas. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Diedrich, C. R., O'Hern, J., Gutierrez, M. G., Allie, N., Papier, P., Meintjes, G., Coussens, A. K., Wainwright, H., Wilkinson, R. J. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Climate Change and Vector-borne Diseases: Where Are We Next Heading?
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Caminade, C., McIntyre, M. K., Jones, A. E. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
40 Years Is Long Enough!
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Demmler Harrison, G. J. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Diagnosis of HIV Infection During Early Infancy: How Early Is Early Enough?
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mofenson, L. M. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Granulomatous Responses in HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Canaday, D. H., Toossi, Z. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
HIV-1 Subtype C, Tenofovir, and the Relationship With Treatment Failure and Drug Resistance
(Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - October 12, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Günthard, H. F., Scherrer, A. U. Tags: EDITORIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
