Alexithymia and psychosocial problems among Italian preadolescents. A latent class analysis approach
The study, conducted on Italian preadolscents aged 11 to 13 belonging to the general population, aims to investigate the relationship between the emotional functioning, namely, alexithymia, and the risk of developing behavioral and emotional problems measured using the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire. The latent class analysis approach allowed to identify two latent variables, accounting for the internalizing (emotional symptoms and difficulties in emotional awareness) and for the externalizing problems (conduct problems and hyperactivity, problematic relationships with peers, poor prosocial behaviors and externally ...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - July 4, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stefania Mannarini, Laura Balottin, Irene Toldo, Michela Gatta Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Superstitious behavior in sport: A literature review
The objective of this first literature review, in this area, is to unveil the current status of knowledge on superstition in sport. Its outcome reveals that superstitious behaviors vary with the type of sport, athletic level, as well as athletic role. In agreement with past theories, they increase with the level of challenge, as reflected by the importance of the competition, as well as with the level of uncertainty. Cultural factors, in conjunction with the education level, as well as gender, have a strong influence on superstitious behaviors in sports. Based on current thoughts, religiosity and superstition are different...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - July 2, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Zsuzsanna Dömötör, Roberto Ruíz‐Barquín, Attila Szabo Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Mindfulness ‐based cognitive therapy is effective as relapse prevention for patients with recurrent depression in Scandinavian primary health care
This study examined the effectiveness of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in primary care for patients with recurrent depression (major depressive disorder: MDD). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), MDD is now the leading cause of disease burden in middle‐ and high‐income countries. Patients (N = 45) with three or more previous depressive episodes were recruited to participate in MBCT as a preventative intervention. Using a benchmarking approach, outcome data was compared with data from a recent efficacy study. The methodology is a rigorous approach to assessing effectiveness when evidence...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - June 29, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Josefine L. Lilja, Clara Zelleroth, Ulf Axberg, Torsten Norlander Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Resource loss, resource gain, PTSD, and dissociation among Ethiopian immigrants in Israel
The aim of this study was to examine the loss and gain of resources, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociation among Jewish Ethiopian immigrants in Israel following exposure to stressful events occurring pre‐, peri‐, and post‐migration. Resources are defined as objects (e.g., housing), conditions (e.g., employment), personal (e.g., self‐esteem), or energy (e.g., culture). A random sample (N = 478) of three waves of immigrants participated in the research (N1 = 165; N2 = 169; N3 = 144). The data were collected in 2001. Age, loss and gain of resources, traumatic events peri‐migration, post‐mig...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - June 12, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michal Finkelstein Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Improved resiliency and well ‐being among military personnel in a Swedish Naval Force after a counter‐piracy operation off the coast of Somalia
The aim of this study was to explore: (1) how the psychological health of the members of the first European Union Naval Force (ME01) was affected by international deployment off the coast of Somalia; and (2) if and how organizational and personal factors (e.g., type of personnel category, previous experiences, and resilience) affected their psychological health and well‐being post‐deployment. The study had an exploratory longitudinal design, where the participants were assessed both before and after deployment (i.e., T1 and T2). The participants (n = 129, 120 men, 9 women) were equally distributed between officers (n...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - June 1, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Charlotte B äccman, Fredrik Hjärthag, Kjerstin Almqvist Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy is effective as relapse prevention for patients with recurrent depression in Scandinavian primary health care
This study examined the effectiveness of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in primary care for patients with recurrent depression (major depressive disorder: MDD). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), MDD is now the leading cause of disease burden in middle‐ and high‐income countries. Patients (N = 45) with three or more previous depressive episodes were recruited to participate in MBCT as a preventative intervention. Using a benchmarking approach, outcome data was compared with data from a recent efficacy study. The methodology is a rigorous approach to assessing effectiveness when evidence...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Josefine L. Lilja, Clara Zelleroth, Ulf Axberg, Torsten Norlander Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
How facial attractiveness affects sustained attention
The present study investigated whether and how facial attractiveness affects sustained attention. We adopted a multiple‐identity tracking paradigm, using attractive and unattractive faces as stimuli. Participants were required to track moving target faces amid distractor faces and report the final location of each target. In Experiment 1, the attractive and unattractive faces differed in both the low‐level properties (i.e., luminance, contrast, and color saturation) and high‐level properties (i.e., physical beauty and age). The results showed that the attractiveness of both the target and distractor faces affected th...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jie Li, Lauri Oksama, Jukka Hyönä Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research
Daily hassles, their antecedents and outcomes among professional first responders: A systematic literature review
Occupational groups such as firefighters, military officers, paramedics and police officers are exposed to a combination of acute, severe and accumulated everyday stress. Drawing on the daily hassles perspective on stress, the aim was to synthesize existing research on daily hassles in professional first responder settings into a theoretical model. A systematic mixed studies review with an integrated design was undertaken. The selection process resulted in 40 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The selected papers represented two literature reviews, one qualitative study, eight longitudinal studies and 29 cross‐sect...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gerry Larsson, Anna Karin Berglund, Alicia Ohlsson Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Occupational differences in work engagement: A longitudinal study among eight occupational groups in Norway
The aim of the present study was to explore occupational differences in the experience of engagement both with regard to differences in the level of work engagement as well as in the predicting value of different antecedent variables. Multigroup latent mean analysis was performed on eight different occupational groups in Norway (lawyers, physicians, nurses, teachers, church ministers, bus drivers, and people working in advertising and information technology; N = 3,475). Tests for factorial invariance supported the use of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory scale across occupational groups and that the latent means were compa...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Siw Tone Innstrand Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Improved resiliency and well‐being among military personnel in a Swedish Naval Force after a counter‐piracy operation off the coast of Somalia
The aim of this study was to explore: (1) how the psychological health of the members of the first European Union Naval Force (ME01) was affected by international deployment off the coast of Somalia; and (2) if and how organizational and personal factors (e.g., type of personnel category, previous experiences, and resilience) affected their psychological health and well‐being post‐deployment. The study had an exploratory longitudinal design, where the participants were assessed both before and after deployment (i.e., T1 and T2). The participants (n = 129, 120 men, 9 women) were equally distributed between officers (n...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Charlotte Bäccman, Fredrik Hjärthag, Kjerstin Almqvist Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
The modality effect of ego depletion: Auditory task modality reduces ego depletion
An initial act of self‐control that impairs subsequent acts of self‐control is called ego depletion. The ego depletion phenomenon has been observed consistently. The modality effect refers to the effect of the presentation modality on the processing of stimuli. The modality effect was also robustly found in a large body of research. However, no study to date has examined the modality effects of ego depletion. This issue was addressed in the current study. In Experiment 1, after all participants completed a handgrip task, one group's participants completed a visual attention regulation task and the other group's partici...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Qiong Li, Zhenhong Wang Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research
The modality effect of ego depletion: Auditory task modality reduces ego depletion
An initial act of self‐control that impairs subsequent acts of self‐control is called ego depletion. The ego depletion phenomenon has been observed consistently. The modality effect refers to the effect of the presentation modality on the processing of stimuli. The modality effect was also robustly found in a large body of research. However, no study to date has examined the modality effects of ego depletion. This issue was addressed in the current study. In Experiment 1, after all participants completed a handgrip task, one group's participants completed a visual attention regulation task and the other group's partici...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Qiong Li, Zhenhong Wang Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research
Modern health worries – the dark side of spirituality?
Modern health worries (MHWs) are widespread in modern societies. MHWs were connected to both negative and positive psychological characteristics in previous studies. The study aimed to investigate the relationships among intuitive‐experiential information processing style, spirituality, MHWs, and psychological well‐being. Members of the Hungarian Skeptic Society (N = 128), individuals committed to astrology (N = 601), and people from a non‐representative community sample (N = 554) completed questionnaires assessing intuitive‐experiential information processing style, spirituality, modern health worries (MHWs)...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 28, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ferenc Köteles, Péter Simor, Márton Czető, Noémi Sárog, Renáta Szemerszky Tags: Health and Disability Source Type: research
Mother's marital satisfaction associated with the quality of mother‐father‐child triadic interaction
Low marital satisfaction has been shown to be a risk factor for early parenthood and parent‐child relationship problems (Erel & Burman, ; McHale, ). The aim of this study was to assess how parental reports of marital satisfaction related to family alliance and coordination in the observed triadic interaction. The study group included 120 families. Marital satisfaction was evaluated during pregnancy, at 4 months, and at 18 months using the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS; Busby, Christensen, Crane & Larsson, ) for both parents. Mother‐father‐child interaction was analyzed in the Lausanne Triadic Play s...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 20, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Riikka Korja, Jorma Piha, Riia Otava, Chloe Lavanchy‐scaiola, Sari Ahlqvist‐Björkroth, Minna Aromaa, Hannele Räihä, Tags: Development and Aging Source Type: research
Mother's marital satisfaction associated with the quality of mother ‐father‐child triadic interaction
Low marital satisfaction has been shown to be a risk factor for early parenthood and parent‐child relationship problems (Erel & Burman, ; McHale, ). The aim of this study was to assess how parental reports of marital satisfaction related to family alliance and coordination in the observed triadic interaction. The study group included 120 families. Marital satisfaction was evaluated during pregnancy, at 4 months, and at 18 months using the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS; Busby, Christensen, Crane & Larsson, ) for both parents. Mother‐father‐child interaction was analyzed in the Lausanne Triadic Play s...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - May 19, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Riikka Korja, Jorma Piha, Riia Otava, Chloe Lavanchy ‐scaiola, Sari Ahlqvist‐Björkroth, Minna Aromaa, Hannele Räihä, Tags: Development and Aging Source Type: research
