Dimensions of the South Oaks Gambling Screen in Finland: A cross ‐sectional population study
The underlying structure of problematic gambling behaviors, such as those assessed by the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), remain unknown: Can problem gambling be assessed unidimensionally or should multiple qualitatively different dimensions be taken into account, and if so, what do these qualitative dimensions indicate? How significant are the deviations from unidimensionality in practice? A cross‐sectional random sample of Finns aged 15–74 (n = 4,484) was drawn from the Population Information Registry and surveyed in 2011–2012. Analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, Confirmatory factor analysis ...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - January 31, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Anne H. Salonen, Tom Rosenstr öm, Robert Edgren, Rachel Volberg, Hannu Alho, Sari Castrén Tags: Health and Disability Source Type: research
Is it advisable to include negative attributes to assess the stereotype content? Yes, but only in the morality dimension
This study compares the differences between scales with various compositions of positive and negative items of stereotypes to predict three related variables: anger, fear and a semantic differential of evaluation. The study was carried out with a sample of 550 Spaniards. The data found highlights the importance of using attributes of the negative pole of morality in studying stereotypes. Their use was able to explain the intergroup emotional responses and the semantic differential more efficiently. (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology)
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - January 6, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Pablo Sayans ‐Jiménez, Antonio José Rojas Tejada, Isabel Cuadrado Guirado Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Perceived stress, recurrent pain, and aggregate salivary cortisol measures in mid ‐adolescent girls and boys
Measures of perceived stress have been criticized for theoretical inconsistency. However, the validated pressure activation stress scale has been suggested as a theoretically sound alternative. But it is unclear how pressure and activation stress relate to objective and subjective measures including commonly used aggregate cortisol measures and health complaints respectively. Specifically, this study aimed at investigating how pressure and activation stress were related to aggregate salivary cortisol measures and recurrent pain in mid‐adolescent girls and boys. Mid‐adolescents (119 girls and 56 boys) provided self‐re...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - January 4, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Petra Lindfors, Lisa Folkesson Hellstadius, Viveca Östberg Tags: Health and Disability Source Type: research
To wait or not to wait? Improving results when interviewing intoxicated witnesses to violence
This study investigated how alcohol intoxication and time of interview affected reports of intimate partner violence (IPV). One hundred thirty six healthy men (N = 66) and women (N = 70) were randomized to an alcohol group (0.8g/kg for men, 0.75g/kg for women) (N = 70) or control group (N = 66), given juice. Participants consumed drinks in a laboratory setting before they witnessed an IPV scenario. Fifty percent of the intoxicated and sober participants were interviewed ten minutes after viewing the film and all participants were interviewed one week later. For the analyses, participants in the alcohol group were d...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - January 4, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Malin Hildebrand Karl én, Emma Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Claudia Fahlke, Pär Anders Granhag, Anna Söderpalm‐Gordh Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research
Things online social networking can take away: Reminders of social networking sites undermine the desirability of offline socializing and pleasures
People are beginning to develop symbiotic relationships with social networking sites (SNSs), which provide users with abundant opportunities for social interaction. We contend that if people perceive SNSs as sources of social connection, the idea of SNSs may reduce the desire to pursue offline social activities and offline pleasures. Experiment 1 demonstrated that priming with SNSs was associated with a weakened desirability of offline social activities and an increased inclination to work alone. Felt relatedness mediated the link between SNS primes and reduced desire to engage in offline social activities. Experiment 2 sh...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - December 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Shiang ‐Shiang Li, Yevvon Yi‐Chi Chang, Wen‐Bin Chiou Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Relationship between inner dialog and ideas of reference and the mediating role of dissociation
This study was intended as a preliminary exploration of the relationship of internal dialogue, dissociation and ideas of reference. To do this, a sample of 318 students filled in an internal dialogue scale (the VISQ, McCarthy‐Jones & Fernyhough), one for dissociation (DES‐II, Carlson & Putnam) and another for ideas of reference (REF, Lenzenweger, Bennett & Lilenfeld). The results confirm the hypothesis posed in the sense that internal dialogue was positively associated with dissociation and with ideas of reference. A partial mediation effect of dissociation was also found between inner speech and ideas of r...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - December 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gloria Bellido ‐Zanin, Salvador Perona‐Garcelán, Cristina Senín‐Calderón, Ana María López‐Jiménez, Juan Francisco Rodríguez‐Testal Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Social and emotional loneliness and self ‐reported difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) in a sample of Norwegian university students
Social and emotional loneliness negatively impact several areas of health, including sleep. However, few comprehensive population‐based studies have evaluated this relationship. Over 12,000 students aged 21–35 years who participated in the student survey for higher education in Norway (the SHoT study) were assessed. Loneliness was assessed using the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale. Difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) was assessed by a single‐item subjective response on the depression scale of the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL‐25). Social loneliness was associated with more serious DIMS (una...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Amie C. Hayley, Luke A. Downey, Con Stough, B ørge Sivertsen, Marit Knapstad, Simon Øverland Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
An open trial of mindfulness ‐based stress reduction for young adults with social anxiety disorder
The present study investigated mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) for young adults with a social anxiety disorder (SAD) in an open trial. Fifty‐three young adults in a higher education setting underwent a standard eight‐week MBSR program. Eight participants (15%) did not complete the program. Participants reported significant reductions in SAD symptoms and global psychological distress, as well as increases in mindfulness, self‐compassion, and self‐esteem. Using intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analyses, effect sizes ranged from large to moderate for SAD symptoms (Cohen's d = 0.80) and global psychological d...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Aslak Hjeltnes, Helge Molde, Elisabeth Schanche, Jon V øllestad, Julie Lillebostad Svendsen, Christian Moltu, Per‐Einar Binder Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Job insecurity and discretionary behaviors: Social exchange perspective versus group value model
This study examines the relationship between job insecurity and discretionary behaviors, that is, organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) and counterproductive work behaviors (CWB), with the purpose to extend knowledge on the theoretical explanations for these outcomes. Considering the employment relationship with the organization, two different perspectives are suggested and compared in a multiple mediator model, in order to understand the reasons for discretionary behaviors. We draw upon social exchange theory as the basis of psychological contract perceptions and we rely on the group value model to explain organizati...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Beatrice Piccoli, Hans De Witte, William D. Reisel Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Meaningful coping with chronic pain: Exploring the interplay between goal violation, meaningful coping strategies and life satisfaction in chronic pain patients
In this study, we aim to test if goal violation triggers meaningful coping strategies over time and whether engagement in these meaningful coping strategies result in improved life satisfaction, as an indicator of adaptation. A longitudinal three wave study in a sample of paint patients (n = 125) tests whether goal violation triggers positive reappraisal and downward comparison, two possible meaningful coping strategies. The study furthermore tests if engagement in these strategies results in a better adaptation to the pain condition, reflected in higher life satisfaction. Results partially supported our hypotheses by poin...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 25, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jessie Dezutter, Laura Dewitte, Evalyne Thauvoye, Siebrecht Vanhooren Tags: Health and Disability Source Type: research
Leadership behavior changes following a theory ‐based leadership development intervention: A longitudinal study of subordinates’ and leaders’ evaluations
The aim was to evaluate effects of leadership courses based on the developmental leadership model at the leadership behavioral level. A longitudinal design was employed with assessments before, one and six months after the leadership courses. The sample consisted of 59 leaders who made self‐ratings and were rated by at least three subordinates on each occasion. Leadership behaviors were measured with the Developmental Leadership Questionnaire (DLQ). A limited increase of favorable leadership behaviors and a significant reduction of unfavorable leadership behaviors were found, particularly according to the subordinates’...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 17, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gerry Larsson, Christer Sandahl, Teresa S öderhjelm, Endre Sjövold, Ann Zander Tags: Personality and Social Psychology Source Type: research
Secondary distinctiveness effects: Orthographic distinctiveness and bizarreness effects make independent contributions to memory performance
The secondary distinctiveness effect means that items that are unusual compared to one's general knowledge stored in permanent memory are remembered better than common items. This research studied two forms of secondary‐distinctiveness‐based effects in conjunction: the bizarreness effect and the orthographic distinctiveness (OD) effect. More specifically, an experiment investigated in young adults a possible additive effect of bizarreness and OD effects in free recall performance. Results revealed that in young adults these two secondary‐distinctiveness‐based effects appear to be largely independent and can complem...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 15, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Yannick Gounden, Fabien Cerroti, Serge Nicolas Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research
Erratum
(Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology)
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 2, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
Acknowledgements
(Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology)
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - November 2, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Acknowledgements Source Type: research
Assessing reading comprehension with narrative and expository texts: Dimensionality and relationship with fluency, vocabulary and memory
Reading comprehension assessment should rely on valid instruments that enable adequate conclusions to be taken regarding students' reading comprehension performance. In this article, two studies were conducted to collect validity evidence for the vertically scaled forms of two Tests of Reading Comprehension for Portuguese elementary school students in the second to fourth grades, one with narrative texts (TRC‐n) and another with expository ones (TRC‐e). Two samples of 950 and 990 students participated in Study 1, the study of the dimensionality of the TRC‐n and TRC‐e forms, respectively. Confirmatory factor analyse...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - September 30, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sandra Santos, Irene Cadime, Fernanda L. Viana, S éli Chaves‐Sousa, Elena Gayo, José Maia, Iolanda Ribeiro Tags: Cognition and Neurosciences Source Type: research
