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Effect of the treatment of Copaifera duckei oleoresin (copaiba) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
This study was based on the induction of diabetes mellitus by streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, i.p.) in Wistar rats and treated with doses of C. duckei oleoresin (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.). Subsequently, the clinical, biochemical and histopathological of the pancreas parameters were evaluated. Gas chromatographic analysis indicated that β -bisabolene (22.29%), β -caryophyllene (21.25%) and α -farnesene (15.58%) sesquiterpenes were the major components of the C. duckei oleoresin. In streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, it was possible to observe that the C. duckei oleoresin treatment had a significant effect (p< 0.001) o...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Lupin gamma conglutin protein: effect on Slc2a2, Gck and Pdx-1 gene expression and GLUT2 levels in diabetic rats
In conclusion, our results indicate that gamma conglutin up-regulates Slc2a2 gene expression in liver and normalizes GLUT2 protein content in pancreas of streptozotocin-induced rats. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Nutritional and biological evaluation of Phoenix canariensis pollen grains
ABSTRACT The nutritional value of pollens of Phoenix canariensis Chabaud, Arecaceae, was evaluated. HPLC analysis of vitamins revealed the predominant presence of vitamin C (109.13 ppm), followed by vitamin A (53.71 ppm) and vitamin E (40.60 ppm) and the total carbohydrates (28.12%), proteins (17.10%). In addition, 16 amino acids of which nine are essential (75.07%), and seven are non-essential (24.93%) were determined. On the other hand, two steroidal saponins (dioscin and methyl protodioscin) were isolated from the pollens, their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques, including 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Their ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Antiproliferative potential of solidagenone isolated of Solidago chilensis
This study contributes to chemical study and to the identification of antiproliferative molecules in S. chilensis. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Antifungal activity of extracts and phenolic compounds from Deguelia duckeana
ABSTRACT Candida spp. is associated with almost 80% of all nosocomial fungal infections and is considered a major cause of blood stream infections. In humans, Cryptococcosis is a disease of the lungs caused by the fungi Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans. It can be potentially fatal, especially in immune-compromised patients. In a search for antifungal drugs, Deguelia duckeana extracts were assayed against these two fungi and also against Candida albicans, which causes candidiasis. Hexane branches and CH2Cl2 root extracts as well as the substances 4-hydroxylonchocarpine, 3,5,4 ′ -trimethoxy-4-prenylstilbene ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Extract from byproduct Psidium guajava standardized in ellagic acid: additivation of the in vitro photoprotective efficacy of a cosmetic formulation
ABSTRACT The fruits of guava, Psidium guajava L., Myrtaceae, are cultivated as food and used in agroindustries, generating byproducts or waste that represent environmental problems and require adequate destination. However, these byproducts present high levels of secondary metabolites and have been awakened interest regarding to its reusing. The extract was standardized in ellagic acid concentration by high performance liquid chromatography. The additivation capacity in the in vitro photoprotective efficacy of guava byproduct extract standardized in ellagic acid was verified as a result of its incorporation in cosmetic for...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Virtual screening of secondary metabolites of the genus Solanum with potential antimicrobial activity
ABSTRACT Infectious diseases are a health problem today and have high mortality rates with a wide diversity of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Research that is based either on the search for new drugs from plants or on the improvement of phytotherapeutics is prominent and continues to play an important role nowadays. From this perspective, use of in silico studies to carry out investigations of new molecules potentially active for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using an in-house database with 421 different secondary metabolites selected from the literature from Solanum genus was per...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Caryocar brasiliense induces vasorelaxation through endothelial Ca2+/calmodulin and PI3K/Akt/eNOS-dependent signaling pathways in rats
ABSTRACT Caryocar brasiliense Cambess., Caryocaraceae (pequi) is a typical Brazilian Cerrado tree. A previous study showed that the butanolic fraction of pequi leaves promotes endothelium-dependent relaxation mediated by nitric oxide and that it causes reversible hypotension in rats. In the present study, we investigated the cell signaling pathways associated with the butanolic fraction-induced nitric oxide release, and we characterized the chemical composition of its fraction. Vascular reactivity tests, a western blotting analysis, and a chemiluminescence assay were used to investigate the signaling pathways involved in t...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

In vitro activities of glycoalkaloids from the Solanum lycocarpum against Leishmania infantum
ABSTRACT Leishmania infantum is an etiologic agent of visceral leishmaniasis. This disease is a neglected disease that can be fatal if not treated and additionally, the few therapeutic option present several drawbacks, including difficult route of administration and toxicity, which turn the search for new therapeutic alternatives necessary. Herein, we evaluated the leishmanicidal in vitro activity of the solanum extract from Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil., Solanaceae, and the isolated alkaloids solasodine, solamargine and solasonine against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. infantum. Solasodine (IC50-pro = ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Development and validation of reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol in oromucosal spray from cannabis extract
ABSTRACT A simple, fast, precise, accurate and responsive high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated carefully for determining an amount of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. A reverse phase Zorbax C-18 column 4.6 mm × 100 mm, 3.5 µm was eluted by using a mixture (85:15) of methanol and water as the mobile phase in an isocratic system with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and the injection volume was 10 µl, at a wavelength of 220 nm. The method was developed and validated through linearity, accuracy, precision and d etection and quantitation limits studies. A good linear relationship (...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Application of high performance liquid chromatography and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy techniques for evaluating the stability of Orthosiphon aristatus ethanolic extract and its nano liposomes
This study aimed to carry out accelerated stability studies on O. aristatus ethanolic extract and its nano liposomes. The extracts were exposed to four different temperatures at 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C for 6 months. The samples were analyzed at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months by high performance liquid chromatography using rosmarinic acid, 3 ′ -hydroxy-5,6,7,4 ′ -tetramethoxyflavone, sinensetin and eupatorin as markers. Different chemical kinetic parameters of the markers were evaluated by Arrhenius equation to predict shelf life (t90) at different storage conditions and at room temperature. Moreover, the stability of O. a...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Isocryptolepine, an indoloquinoline alkaloid from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta promotes LDL uptake in HepG2 cells
ABSTRACT About 31 percent of deaths worldwide result from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Hyperlipidemia remains the major risk factor for this disease and therefore, it is necessary to identify antihyperlipidemic compounds for drug development. The crude ethanolic extract of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) Schltr., Apocynaceae, has demonstrated antihyperlipidemic properties. However, the chemical constituents responsible for this action are unknown. Hence, to identify chemical constituent(s) of C. sanguinolenta with anti-hyperlipidemic effect, five indoloquinoline alkaloids were isolated and evaluated in 1,1 �...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Combined OPLS-DA and decision tree as a strategy to identify antimicrobial biomarkers of volatile oils analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
ABSTRACT Bioguided isolation to discriminate antimicrobial compounds from volatile oils is a time- and money-consuming process. Considering the limitations of the classical methods, it would be a great improvement to use chemometric techniques to identify putative biomarkers from volatile oils. For this purpose, antimicrobial assays of volatile oils extracted from different plant species were carried out against Streptococcus mutans. Eight volatile oils that showed different antimicrobial effects (inactive, weakly active, moderately active and very active) were selected in this work. The volatile oils' composition was dete...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Anatomy and microscopic characteristics of Picris japonica
This study attempted to fill this need by producing permanent and semi-permanent slides of different organs (root, stem, leaf, pollen grain, fruit and powder of the whole plant) using safranine staining, safranine-fast green double staining and common methods. Furthermore, several featured microscopic structures of P. japonica are described herein. The results obtained provide us with valuable information for botanical quality control and species identification and enable us to detect adulterations in commercial samples of Picris or in laboratory samples. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Microscopic characterization and HPTLC of the leaves, stems and roots of Fadogia agrestis – an African folk medicinal plant
ABSTRACT Fadogia agrestis Schweinf. ex Hiern (Vangueria agrestis (Schweinf. ex Hiern) Lantz), Rubiaceae, is an African traditional medicinal plant also used as a dietary supplement in the US. The present paper is the first report of the pharmacognostic study of the leaf, stem and root of F. agrestis by microscopy, HPTLC and total phenolic/flavonoid content analyses. Noteworthy microscopic features that can help in identification and quality control are septate and lignified non-glandular trichomes on leaf and stem epidermises, paracytic stomata on leaf abaxial epidermis, numerous cells containing yellow substances of presu...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - December 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research