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Effect of Withania somnifera on gentamicin induced renal lesions in rats
ABSTRACT Gentamicin induced renal complications are well known in humans and animals. Medicinal properties of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Solanaceae, are recognized to improve renal functions. However, the pharmacological function of W. somnifera is not completely understood. We sought to unravel medicinal therapeutic function of W. somnifera on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in wistar rats. Twenty-four adult male wistar rats evenly divided into four groups to evaluate in vivo nephroprotective and nephrocurative function of W. somnifera in gentamicin induced nephrotoxic rats. Experimental design as follows: Group I, ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Volatile oil of Croton zehntneri per oral sub-acute treatment offers small toxicity: perspective of therapeutic use
In conclusion, the sub-acute per oral treatment with volatile oil no longer than ten weeks in rats offers small toxicity at doses below 250 mg/kg. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Alcesefoliside protects against oxidative brain injury in rats
This study investigated the possible antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of alcesefoliside, isolated from Astragalus monspessulanus L., Fabaceae, against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced brain injury in Wistar rats. Iron sulphate/ascorbic acid lipid peroxidation was induced in rat brain microsomes and pre-incubated with alcesefoliside and silybin. Male rats were treated in vivo with alcesefoliside and with silymarin alone; animals challenged with CCl4; and pre-treated with alcesefoliside or silymarin in respective doses for 7 days, challenged with CCl4, followed by curative treatment (additional 14 days). The activi...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Characterization of hepatoprotective metabolites from Artemisia annua and Cleome droserifolia using HPLC/PDA/ESI/MS–MS
ABSTRACT The hepatoprotective activities of two traditionally used plants, Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Delile, Cleomaceae, and Artemisia annua L., Asteraceae, were recently reported. However, the biologically active metabolites responsible for this activity were not identified. The aqueous extract of C. droserifolia aerial parts, and the polar fraction of A. annua leaves were screened for their antioxidant activities using the 2,2 ′ -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay. The in vitro viability of HepG-2 cells treated with CCl4 and the extracts were assessed by MTT assay. The effects of the extracts...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Mangostanaxanthone VIIII, a new xanthone from Garcinia mangostana pericarps, α-amylase inhibitory activity, and molecular docking studies
ABSTRACT A new xanthone: mangostanaxanthone VIIII [1,3,5,6,7-pentahydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl) xanthone] (5) and four known xanthones: mangostanaxanthones I (1) and II (2), γ -mangostin (3), and mangostanaxanthone VII (4) were separated and characterized from the acetone fraction of Garcinia mangostana L., Clusiaceae (mangosteen) pericarps. Their structures were established based on various spectroscopic analyses in addition to HRMS and comparison with the literature. The α -amylase inhibitory potential of the isolated metabolites was evaluated. Compounds 1, 2, and 5 had the highest act...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Protective effect of Schisandra chinensis total lignans on acute alcoholic-induced liver injury related to inhibiting CYP2E1 activation and activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway
In conclusion, these results suggested that the inhibition of alcohol-induced liver injury by S. chinensis total lignans is associated with its ability to inhibiting CYP2E1 activation and activating the Nrf2/Antioxidant response element(ARE) signaling pathway. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Chemical composition and biological properties of Ipomoea procumbens
ABSTRACT Natural products have been the most valuable source of chemical compounds in the discovery of novel medicines. Secondary metabolites from terrestrial and marine organisms have found considerable use in the treatment of numerous diseases and have been considered lead molecules both in their natural form and as templates for medicinal chemistry. Brazil has an exceptionally rich biodiversity, and a valuable source of secondary metabolites that can be useful for the development of bioproducts. Ipomoea species, Convolvulaceae, are mostly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions, including South America and many are u...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Development and validation of a quantification method for α-humulene and trans-caryophyllene in Cordia verbenacea by high performance liquid chromatography
ABSTRACT Acheflan ® herbal medicine is the first medicine developed and produced in Brazil using Cordia verbenacea DC., Boraginaceae, essential oil as a constituent. C. verbenacea has anti-inflammatory properties, which have been directly related to α -humulene and trans-caryophyllene. Currently, the quantification of α -humulene and trans-caryophyllene in C. verbenacea has only been described by GC-MS. Although this technique is widely used it cannot be directly applied to finished medicinal products since they contain aqueous constituents. In this context, the objective of this work was to develop a methodology for qu...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Simultaneous HPTLC quantification of three caffeoylquinic acids in Pluchea indica leaves and their commercial products in Thailand
ABSTRACT In Thai traditional medicine, Pluchea indica (L.) Less., Asteraceae, leaf has been widely used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, tumors, hypertension, cystitis, and wounds. P. indica herbal tea is commercially available in Thailand as a health-promoting drink. The study was conducted to develop and validate a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quantitative analysis of chlorogenic acid, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in P. indica leaf extract and their commercial products in Thailand. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The propose...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

HPLC profile and simultaneous quantitative analysis of tingenone and pristimerin in four Celastraceae species using HPLC-UV-DAD-MS
ABSTRACT A validated method for the identification and authentication of tingenone and pristimerin was developed using HPLC. The chromatographic profile analysis was combined with simultaneous quantification in Crossopetalum rhacoma Crantz, Cassine xylocarpa Vent, Semialarium mexicanum (Miers) Mennega (known as cancerina), and Maytenus phyllanthoides Benth, through microwave-assisted extraction. The HPLC profiles of the four analyzed species showed three similar signals, which corresponded to the main chemotaxonomic markers of the Celastraceae family: quinonemethide triterpenes. HPLC profile analysis was used as a tool to ...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

HPLC-PDA method validated for the determination of hibalactone in Hydrocotyle umbellata subterraneous parts and its ultrasound-assisted extraction optimization
ABSTRACT In this work, we developed and validated a HPLC-PDA method for the quantification of hibalactone in Hydrocotyle umbellata L., Araliaceae, subterraneous parts extracts and optimized its ultrasound-assisted extraction. Chromatographic separations were carried out with an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile/methanol/water (10:65:25), a flow of 0.8 ml min − 1, detection at 290 nm and C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm). The method validation parameters were determined according to Brazilian legislation. The optimization of the hibalactone ultrasound-assisted extraction was performed using Box – Behnken design and...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Simultaneous determination of five N-alkylamides in the root of Anacyclus pyrethrum by HPLC and profiling of components in its methanolic root extract by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS
ABSTRACT The root of Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Lag., Asteraceae, is very widely used for treating various diseases in Traditional Uygur Medicine, particularly in the treatment of vitiligo. However, there have been few studies on the quality standards of A. pyrethrum in China. A. pyrethrum contains abundant N-alkylamides, which are considered to be the principal components. Therefore, based on the previous research in our group, six N-alkylamides were obtained by using column chromatography. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry to determine the mass spectrometry cleavage...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Morpho-anatomy of the inflorescence of Musa × paradisiaca
ABSTRACT Bananas and plantains are herbaceous monocotyledonous plants belonging to the genus Musa, Musaceae, which has a widespread distribution around the world. Various parts of banana plant are commonly used in traditional medicines. Several species of Musa are reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic and antidiabetic properties. This work is aimed at studying the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the inflorescences of Musa × paradisiaca L., that could contribute to the characterization of these species cultivated in Brazil. Plant materials were collected and prepared in accordance with s...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Botanical quality control of digestive tisanes commercialized in an urban area (Bahía Blanca, Argentina)
The objective of this work was to analyze the botanical quality of the digestive mixtures sold in Bahía Blanca as fine cut mixtures (in tea bags) and thick cut mixtures (fragmented herbs). Samples of seven mixtures sold in the form of tea bags and four as bags of fragmented herbs were studied under stereoscopic and optical microscopes and micrographic studies were carried out following conventional protocols. Observed characteristics were compared wit h those in the reference bibliography for verified genuine monoherbs. In the studied products a total of 21 different species were found. There was total concordance betwee...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - May 27, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Central nervous system and analgesic profiles of Lippia genus
Abstract Many people use medicinal plants to relieve disorders related to the central nervous system, such as depression, epilepsy, anxiety and pain, even though the effectiveness of most of them has not yet been proven through scientific studies. Plants of the Lippia genus, Verbenaceae, are widely used in ethnobotany as a food, for seasoning and in antiseptic remedies. They are also marketed and used for the treatment of different types of pain, including stomach ache, abdominal pain and headache, as well as being used as sedatives, anxiolytics and anticonvulsants. Despite their widespread use, there are no reviews on the...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia - April 1, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research