Empowerment, PTSD and Revictimization among Women who have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects the acute and long-term well-being of millions of women in the United States each year (Black et al., 2011). One of the most common mental health consequences, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has prevalence estimates ranging from 31% to 84.4% among IPV survivors (Golding, 1999). IPV is often chronic and recurring; over a 6-month period, 22-46% of victims report experiencing additional victimization (i.e., revictimization; Iverson et al., 2011; Iverson et al., 2013). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Christina M. Dardis, Melissa E. Dichter, Katherine M. Iverson Source Type: research
Overlap and distinction between measures of insight and self-stigma
Multiple studies on insight into one's illness and self-stigma among patients with serious mental illness and their relatives have shown that these constructs are related to one another and that they affect outcome. However, a critical exploration of the items used to assess both constructs raises questions with regard to the possible overlapping and centrality of items. The current study used five different samples to explore the possible overlap and distinction between insight and self-stigma, and to identify central items, via net-work analyses and principal component factor analysis. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ilanit Hasson-Ohayon Source Type: research
Improving treatment motivation in individuals with psychosis: predictors of response to motivational enhancement
Impairments in motivation have long been considered a core feature of psychotic spectrum disorders (PSD; Kraepelin, 1919; cf Foussias and Remington, 2010) and significantly impede daily functioning and treatment efficacy (Chen, 1991; Foussias et al., 2014; Tattan and Creed, 2001). While investigators have had little success improving global motivation to engage in goal-directed behavior, there is some evidence that different components of motivation are only loosely related (e.g., state vs. trait motivation; general vs task-specific motivation) in part due to moderating or mediating influences of other variables (e.g., per...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Benjamin L. Brett, Jessica E. McGovern, Jimmy Choi, Joanna M. Fiszdon Source Type: research
Assessment of health needs, satisfaction with care, and quality of life in compulsorily admitted patients with severe mental disorders
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) primarily address health care needs, satisfaction with care, and health-related quality of life (QOL), but also social support, symptoms, and functional status (Patrick et al., 2007; Greenhalgh, 2009). Health-care needs (needs), satisfaction with care, and QOL cover distinct domains (Gustafson, 2005; Zendjidjian et al., 2014a, 2014b; Ritsner, 2017). Application of “needs – care satisfaction - quality of life – social support” model of PROs is an important topic for research, especially, of compulsorily admitted patients with schizophrenia (SZ), and schizoaffective (SA) disorder. (So...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 13, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Michael S. Ritsner, Herman Farkash, Boris Rauchberger, Avi Amrami-Weizman, Xavier Y. Zendjidjian Source Type: research
Validation, reliability, and specificity of CliniCom ™ Psychiatric Assessment Software
Reliable and accurate assessment information is critical for proper diagnosis, as well as recommendation and institution of appropriate treatment plans within mental health clinical settings. Studies have demonstrated that automated, computerized intake assessments provide not only a quicker, but also valid method of obtaining useful and pertinent patient information prior to a patient's first visit (Brandt et al., 2013; Cunningham et al., 2009; Kurt et al., 2004). During an interview or first time appointment, errors in medical or psychiatric history may arise due to interview technique, interviewee's response or lack...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nelson Handal, James LePage, Philip Dayley, Barbara Baldwin, Amellia Roeser, Joni Kay, Heather Ann Theobald, Michael Nellamattathil, Scott Drotar, Connor Weir, Neil Tindell, Kevin Tice Source Type: research
Psychiatric framing affects positive but not negative schizotypy scores in psychology and medical students
Schizotypy is a multidimensional personality construct that is argued by many to lie on a continuum, with full-blown psychosis representing the extreme end (Claridge& Birchall, 1978; Meehl, 1962; Verdoux& van Os, 2002). Reflecting patient symptoms, schizotypy dimensions consistently separate positive (magical ideation, unusual perceptual experiences) and negative (e.g. social and physical anhedonia, social withdrawal) schizotypy (Chan et al., 2016; Ettinger et al., 2014; Kwapil, et al., 2008; Lenzenweger, 2006). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Christine Mohr, Kerry Schofield, Ute Leonards, Marc S. Wilson, Gina M. Grimshaw Source Type: research
Factors associated with post-election psychological distress: The case of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election
Democratic elections constitute a decision-making situation involving palpable dose of uncertainty as choosing one alternative over the other may have significant consequences for peoples ’ lives. Not surprisingly, democratic elections may be considered stressful life events (Waismel-Manor et al., 2011). Indeed, the American Psychological Association (APA, 2016) reported that 52% of American adults felt that the 2016 Election was a considerable source of stress. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shani Pitcho-Prelorentzos, Krzysztof Kaniasty, Yaira Hamama-Raz, Robin Goodwin, Lia Ring, Menachem Ben-Ezra, Michal Mahat-Shamir Source Type: research
Gender differences in Schizophrenia: A multicentric study from three Latin-America countries
The World Health Organization has been reporting the need for equity and justice in the distribution of resources within the mental health sector especially for vulnerable groups, such as women, indigenous and ethnic minorities (WHO, 2003). Schizophrenia (SZ) has an incidence sex ratio of 1,4, being more prevalent in men (Kraepelin, 1971; Leung and Chue, 2000; Falkenburg and Tracy, 2014). SZ women have been described to have a later age at illness onset, a lower illness severity and better global, functional and cognitive prog nosis associated with a better quality of life, life satisfaction and cooperativeness (Räsäne...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Alejandra Caqueo-Ur ízar, Guillaume Fond, Alfonso Urzúa, Laurent Boyer Source Type: research
Cholecystokinin (CCK) level is higher among first time suicide attempters than healthy controls, but is not associated with higher depression scores
Suicide is the decision deliberately to end one's life. Suicide rates are increasing worldwide (WHO, 2015), and suicide has become one of the leading causes of death in the world (Gvion et al., 2015). In the United States suicide is the tenth most common cause of death (Heron, 2016). Suicide can have long-lasting negative consequences for family members and workplace colleagues, but also for witnesses to suicides, and for the community (Gvion et al., 2015). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Leila Jahangard, Rahmat Solgy, Iraj Salehi, Seyed Kazem Taheri, Edith Holsboer-Trachsler, Mohammad Haghighi, Serge Brand Source Type: research
Validation, reliability, and specificity of CliniComTM Psychiatric Assessment Software
Reliable and accurate assessment information is critical for proper diagnosis, as well as recommendation and institution of appropriate treatment plans within mental health clinical settings. Studies have demonstrated that automated, computerized intake assessments provide not only a quicker, but also valid method of obtaining useful and pertinent patient information prior to a patient's first visit (Brandt et al., 2013; Cunningham et al., 2009; Kurt et al., 2004). During an interview or first time appointment, errors in medical or psychiatric history may arise due to interview technique, interviewee's response or lack...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nelson Handal, James LePage, Philip Dayley, Barbara Baldwin, Amellia Roeser, Joni Kay, Heather Ann Theobald, Michael Nellamattathil, Scott Drotar, Connor Weir, Neil Tindell, Kevin Tice Source Type: research
The relationship between aggression and ability emotional intelligence: The role of negative affect
This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between aggressive behaviour and individual levels of ability emotional intelligence (EI). Three hundred and ninety-five participants took part in this study. Participants were assessed on ability EI, negative affect (NA), and aggression by the Mayer –Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Buss–Perry Aggression questionnaires, respectively. The results revealed a negative relationship between aggression and ability EI, but this relationship depended on multiple fact...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Alberto Meg ías, Raquel Gómez-Leal, María José Gutiérrez-Cobo, Rosario Cabello, Pablo Fernández-Berrocal Source Type: research
The relationship between aggression and ability emotional intelligence: The role of negative affect.
This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between aggressive behaviour and individual levels of ability emotional intelligence (EI). Three hundred and ninety-five participants took part in this study. Participants were assessed on ability EI, negative affect (NA), and aggression by the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Buss-Perry Aggression questionnaires, respectively. The results revealed a negative relationship between aggression and ability EI, but this relationship depended on multiple factors: th...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: A. Meg ías, R. Gómez-Leal, M.J. Gutiérrez-Cobo, R. Cabello, P. Fernández-Berrocal Source Type: research
Assessing Psychopathy in Forensic Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Validating the Comprehensive Assessment of the Psychopathic Personality-Institutional Rating Scale (CAPP-IRS)
The co-occurrence of schizophrenia and psychopathy (and their relationship with violence) is complex. Research has found positive correlations between schizophrenia and psychopathy in custodial settings (Cote and Hodgins, 1990; Moran and Hodgins, 2004), in psychiatric samples (Gray et al., 2003), and, to a lesser extent, in community settings (Ragsdale and Bedwell, 2013), as well as negative correlations (Hart and Hare, 1989; Hildebrand and de Ruiter, 2004; Pham and Salopp é, 2010). It appears that a minority of schizophrenic subjects have psychopathic traits; however, in forensic and carceral settings, the opposite occur...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Louis De Page, Sophie Mercenier, Pierre Titeca Source Type: research
Screening for psychiatric disorders with self-administered questionnaires
In the modern era of medicine, as effective treatments for various disorders have been developed, accurate diagnosis has assumed increasing importance. As a corollary are concerns about underdiagnosing treatable disorders. Diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic underrecognition, while related, are not synonymous. Diagnostic accuracy depends on the reliability and validity of the diagnostic procedure, whereas diagnostic recognition depends on the breadth of a screening assessment that precedes the more definitive diagnostic procedure. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mark Zimmerman, Carolina Guzman Holst Source Type: research
Influences of the T102C polymorphism in the 5-HT2A receptor gene on the five-factor model of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and treatment response to aripiprazole in patients with acute schizophrenia
Because second-generation antipsychotics inhibit dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptors, genetic studies have focused on these genes (Chen et al., 2009; Miura et al. 2012). Pharmacogenetic studies have investigated the association between the 5-HTR2A gene (HTR2A) and antipsychotic treatment response (Chen et al., 2009; Olajossy-Hilkesberger et al. 2011); however, the results were inconclusive. The T102C polymorphism (rs6313) of HTR2A is located in the first exon and causes no amino acid substitution and is not thought to be a functional polymorphism. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Keiko Kanno-Nozaki, Itaru Miura, Haruka Kaneko, Sho Horikoshi, Takafumi Ota, Michinari Nozaki, Hiroki Ejiri, Mitsuharu Yahiro, Kenya Watanabe, Mizuki Hino, Hirooki Yabe Source Type: research
