”Stress Management versus Cognitive Restructuring in trauma-affected refugees–a pragmatic randomised study”
In mid-2015 the number of refugees worldwide was the highest in 20 years (UNHCR, 2016). A systematic review by Steel et al. found that the proportion of refugees suffering from trauma-related mental health problems, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, is as high as 30% (Steel et al., 2009). Thus, the demand for effective treatment for this group is expected to increase rapidly over the coming years. We also know that trauma-affected refugees often show a complex symptom pattern probably reflecting the long time period with traumatic events, the high number of traumatic events experienced as well as the characteris...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jessica Carlsson, Charlotte Sonne, Erik Vindbjerg, Erik Lykke Mortensen Source Type: research
Detail-oriented visual processing style: its role in the relationships between early life adversity and hoarding-related dysfunctions
The core features of hoarding disorder (HD) include persistent difficulty discarding possessions, due to perceived need to save them and distress associated with discarding them, leading to the accumulation of excessive amounts of clutter (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The cognitive-behavior model of compulsive hoarding (Frost and Hartl, 1996), which depicts HD as a multifaceted problem, identifies four areas of hoarding-related dysfunction that underlie the clinical presentation of HD. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Chia-Ying Chou, R. Scott Mackin, Kevin L. Delucchi, Carol A. Mathews Source Type: research
Association study between ABCB1, ABCB6 and ABCG1 polymorphisms and major depressive disorder in the Chinese Han population
To the editors, (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Gaini Ma, Xiaoye Huang, Yan Bi, Decheng Ren, Fei Xu, Qianqian Sun, Rui Zhang, Jiaxin Hu, Weibo Niu, Zhenming Guo, Ruixue Yuan, Fan Yuan, Xi Wu, Yanfei Cao, Fengping Yang, Lu Wang, Weidong Li, Tao Yu, Lin He, Jie Liu, Guang He, Xingwang Li Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Medication and physical activity and physical fitness in severe mental illness
Severe mental illness (SMI) includes functional psychosis, and an ICD-10 diagnosis of a functional affective or non-affective psychotic disorder (codes F10-F22, F24, F25, F28-F31, F32.3 and F33.3) (Ruggeri et al., 2000). In most developed countries, second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics have emerged as the drug of choice for individuals with severe mental disorders (Komossa et al., 2010). These are even used in young patients with other mental health problems, such as non-psychotic disorder s like autism or intellectual disability (Park et al., 2016), despite the increased risk of diabetes, dyslipidemia and ca...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: David Perez-Cruzado, Antonio Cuesta-Vargas, Elisa Vera-Garcia, Ferm ín Mayoral-Cleries Source Type: research
Copper in depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Copper (Cu) is an essential element in mammalian nutrition. As an essential component, it acts as an electron donor or acceptor of multiple metalloenzymes (Stern, et al., 2007). The main biological function of copper is to take part in maintaining hematopoietic function, affect energy metabolism and neurobehavioral and immune function (Uriuadams and Keen, 2005). Copper homeostasis is important to human health, and either copper deficiency or excess could cause health issues. Wilson disease (WD) is characterized by massive deposition of copper ions in the body, causing damage to multiple organs. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mengmei Ni, Yiping You, Jinyao Chen, Lishi Zhang Source Type: research
Assessment of the frequency criterion for the diagnosis of non-suicidal self-injury disorder in female adolescents with conduct disorder
Initially, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been operationalized only as one of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms. However, a growing body of studies has clearly demonstrated that self-injury behaviours can be found not only in psychiatric patients without BPD diagnosis but also in individuals without any psychiatric disorder (Andover et al., 2005; Klonsky et al., 2003; Nock et al., 2006; Wilkinson, 2013). As a consequence of these findings, NSSI has been proposed as a separate diagnosis – non-suicidal self-injury disorder (NSSID) and added to the section: “Conditions for Further Study” in the DS...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Monika Szewczuk-Bogus ławska, Małgorzata Kaczmarek-Fojtar, Ahmed A. Moustafa, Justin Mahlberg, Dorota Frydecka, Anna Oleszkowicz, Olga Bąk, Błażej Misiak Source Type: research
Social rejection towards mentally ill people in Hungary between 2001 and 2015: Has there been any change?
Annually, up to one-third of Europeans suffer from at least one mental disorder meaning that approximately 164.8 million people in Europe are affected by mental illnesses (Wittchen et al., 2011). In addition to their symptoms, people diagnosed as being mental ill must cope with the stigma surrounding these disorders (Caldwell and Jorm, 2000; Gureje et al., 2005; Jorm et al., 1997; Link et al., 1999). They often perceived as strange, frightening, unpredictable, aggressive, lacking self-control, violent and dangerous (Crisp et al., 2000; Link et al., 1999; Phelan and Link, 1998). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tzipi Buchman-Wildbaum, Borb ála Paksi, Edit Sebestyén, Bernadette Kun, Katalin Felvinczi, Ágoston Schmelowszky, Mark.D. Griffiths, Zsolt Demetrovics, Róbert Urbán Source Type: research
Subjective Incompetence as a Predictor of Treatment Outcomes in Eating Disorder Outpatients
Eating disorders (EDs) are complex medical and psychiatric illnesses that can have serious consequences for health, relationships and general functioning. A recent review (Waller, 2016) suggests that cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) have consolidated their position for both bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorders in adults. Some evidence suggests that the reach of CBT has been expanded to anorexia nervosa and adolescents with EDs (Pretorius et al., 2009; Dalle Grave , Calugi, Conti, Doll,& Fairburn, 2013; Fairburn et al., 2009; 2013). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lucia Tecuta, Elena Tomba Source Type: research
The role of rumination in the guilt associated with bereavement according to cause of death
Guilt is an emotional reaction that entails feelings of tension, remorse and regret (Duncan and Cacciatore, 2015). It is generally considered to be an adaptive response, insofar as it correlates with empathy and prosocial behaviour (Behrendt and Ben-Ari, 2012, Brown, 2006, Tangney et al., 2007), triggering feelings that enable people to use their behaviour to offset the harm caused, in contrast to shame, in which the possibility of remedying the harm is perceived to be remote or impossible (Tangney and Salovey, 1999). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dulce Camacho, Miguel Á. Pérez-Nieto, Fernando Gordillo Source Type: research
Interventions for the treatment of Theory of Mind deficits in Schizophrenia: Systematic Literature Review
Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to consider various viewpoints in the process of attributing mental states (e.g. emotions, intentions) to others, based on available social context and social cues (Allen et al., 2008) . Understanding and conceptualizing other peoples’ mental states is a key aspect in the regulation of social interactions (Brüne, 2005), and its impairment can lead to incompetent social judgements. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Edit Vass, Zita Fekete, Vikt ória Simon, Lajos Simon Source Type: research
The oral health of long-term psychiatric inpatients in Singapore
Individuals with severe mental illness have been found to be susceptible to many physical health problems, including poor oral health (Hert et al., 2011; Matevosyan, 2010). Oral health is an important aspect of general health and well-being because of its effects on pain, eating, speech and quality of life (Sheiham, 2005). Recent international studies show psychiatric inpatients to lack sufficient oral health care in Israel (Zusman et al., 2010), and to have unmet dental and prosthetic needs in France and Turkey (Bertaud-Gounot et al., 2013; Gurbuz et al., 2010). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Di Ying Joanna Ngo, W.Murray Thomson, Mythily Subramaniam, Edimansyah Abdin, Kok-Yang Ang Source Type: research
Nonsuicidal self-injury and disordered eating: Differences in acquired capability and suicide attempt severity
Suicide is a growing public health concern, particularly in 15-24 year olds, for which suicide is now the second leading cause of death (CDC, 2015). Suicidal behaviors have been linked to a multitude of maladaptive behaviors, including those involving self-inflicted bodily harm, both direct and indirect, such as nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and disordered eating (Franko and Keel, 2006; Nock et al., 2006). NSSI has been identified as a robust predictor for suicide behavior across both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, showing up to 2-fold increases in future suicide risk (Franklin et al., 2017; Ribeiro et al.,...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Amy M. Brausch, Natalie M. Perkins Source Type: research
Risk Factors for Early Circulatory Mortality in Patients with Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia typically has a debilitating and chronic disease course and is associated with 2 –4 times higher mortality and 10–25 years of shortened life expectancy in early adults than in the general population worldwide (Crump et al., 2013; Laursen et al., 2012; McGrath et al., 2008; Saha et al., 2007; Wildgust and Beary, 2010). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the largest single ca use of death among both natural and unnatural deaths, accounting for up to 50% cases of early mortality in schizophrenia (Hennekens et al., 2005; Laursen et al., 2014; Lemogne et al., 2013; Sweeting et al., 2013), with a 10-fold h...
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kuo-Hsuan Chung, Pao-Huan Chen, Chian-Jue Kuo, Shang-Ying Tsai, Shou-Hung Huang, Wen-Cheng Wu Source Type: research
Development of a scale quantifying expectations regarding active processes in therapy: The Expectations of Active Processes in Psychotherapy Scale (EAPPS)
Expectations regarding psychotherapy have long been considered to be a central part of therapeutic improvement (see Constantino, Ametrano,& Greenberg, 2012 for review). Broadly defined, psychotherapy expectations are conceptualized to include outcome expectations, pertaining to individuals' prognostic beliefs about the personal consequences of engaging in therapy, and treatment expectations, defined as individuals' beliefs about what will transpire during therapy. The importance of clients' expectations of therapy process and outcome has been demonstrated in many studies. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dana Tzur Bitan, Aryeh Lazar, Ben Siton Source Type: research
Associations between olfactory identification and (social) cognitive functioning: A cross-sectional study in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls
Schizophrenia patients have difficulties identifying odors (Moberg et al., 2014). The degree of this reduced odor identification (OI) compared to healthy controls has been examined extensively. A meta-analysis by Cohen et al. (2012) showed that OI in schizophrenia is nearly a standard deviation below the mean of controls. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - May 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jessica de Nijs, Julia H. Meijer, Lieuwe de Haan, Carin J. Meijer, Richard Bruggeman, Neeltje E.M. van Haren, Ren é S. Kahn, Wiepke Cahn Source Type: research
