Anger as an Underlying Dimension of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Heterogeneity and comorbidity issues associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are longstanding in the literature. Despite recent changes in the DSM-5 nosology, such as the inclusion of PTSD into the new category of trauma- and stressor-related disorders, comorbidity persists between PTSD and most notably several mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders (Brown et al., 2001; Calabrese et al., 2011; Kessler et al., 2005; Pietrzak et al., 2011). Furthermore, more recent research examining comorbidity problems between PTSD and other disorders have indicated only slight differences since the release of DSM-5 (...
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tory A. Durham, Brianna M. Byllesby, Xin Lv, Jon D. Elhai, Li Wang Source Type: research
Impact of acute phase depression on functional outcomes in stroke patients over 1 year
Stroke is a common disease that endangers human health including disabilities. As a result, an extensive amount of research has been conducted to identify predictors of stroke outcomes (Alonso et al., 2015). Recently, it was shown that post-stroke depression (PSD) is associated with poor outcomes, such as mortality and disability (Ayerbe et al., 2013). However, to date, a majority of studies have assessed the associations between depression and functional outcomes using cross-section al designs (Turner-Stokes and Hassan, 2002). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Hee-Ju Kang, Kyung-Yeol Bae, Sung-Wan Kim, Eun-Hye Lee, Joon-Tae Kim, Man-Seok Park, Ki-Hyun Cho, Jae-Min Kim Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Testing Neurophysiological Markers Related to Fear-Potentiated Startle
Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are associated with significant impairment across multiple domains of functioning (Magruder et al., 2004; Norman et al., 2007). Some intermediate phenotypes that have emerged as underlying mechanisms of this dysfunction are exaggerated startle and impaired fear inhibition, which relate to the fear learning process (a form of classical conditioning). Researchers have been able to examine fe ar learning processes primarily through the use of fear-potentiated startle (FPS) paradigms (e.g., Grillon and Morgan, 1999; Norrholm et al., 2011; Sijbrandij et al., 2013). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Antonia V. Seligowski, Erin Bondy, Paris Singleton, Holly K. Orcutt, Kerry J. Ressler, Randy P. Auerbach Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Nicotine Dependency and Depressive Tendency among Smokers
Sex affects several conditions. Over the past few years, studies have shown that risk factors for the same condition may differently affect men and women and that the efficacy of the same drugs may differ in men and women. Typically, the occurrence of lifestyle-related diseases, such as alcoholic hepatitis, myocardial infarction, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is more common in men. In contrast, depression, dementia, autoimmune diseases, and osteoporosis are increasingly common in women. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 9, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Maki Komiyama, Hajime Yamakage, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Yuka Ozaki, Tatsuya Morimoto, Akira Shimatsu, Yuko Takahashi, Koji Hasegawa Source Type: research
Maternal and paternal emotional contributions to children's distress tolerance: Relations to child depressive symptoms
In trying to understand the effects of negative emotions and stressful experiences on both psychological and physical health outcomes, individual characteristics have long been of great interest. In other words, researchers have argued that how a stressful event is experienced is just as important as whether the stressor occurred. This approach has extended to focus on the extent to which an individual is able to tolerate distress. An increasingly large body of work has identified distress tolerance (DT) – defined as the ability to persist in goal-directed activity while experiencing psychological distress (Brown et al....
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Stacey N. Doan, Heimi Son, Lawrence N. Kim Source Type: research
May nesfatin-1 be a state marker in major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation?
Nesfatin-1 is an 82-amino acid residue derived from nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) peptide which is widely present throughout the whole brain including hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei, amygdala,and locus coeruleus(kere et al., 2006). Nesfatin-1 is co-localized with stress-related substances like melanocyte stimulating hormone, corticotropin releasing factor, cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript, neurotensin, oxytocin,and vasopressin (Pałasz et al., 2012). Nesfatin-1 was described as an anorexigenic modulator of food intake in many researches(Stengel and Tache´, 2010; Atsuchi et al., 2010). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Cafer Çağrı Korucu, İnci Meltem Atay, Seden Sert Zayıf, Fatih Gültekin Source Type: research
Compulsive buying in Paris psychology students: Assessment of DSM-5 personality trait domains
Compulsive buying (CB) is chronic, repetitive purchasing that becomes a primary response to negative events and feelings and may include symptoms equivalent to craving and withdrawal (Lejoyeux and Weinstein, 2010). CB results in adverse consequences, including financial and legal problems (Christenson et al., 1994), psychological distress, and interpersonal conflict (McElroy et al., 1995). A recent meta-analysis (16 countries, n=32 000 participants) estimated a pooled prevalence o f CB of approximately 5% (Maraz et al., 2016a). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: David Duroy, Olivier Sabbagh, Ariane Baudel, Michel Lejoyeux Source Type: research
Prevalence of childhood mental disorders in overweight and obese spanish children: identifyng loss of control eating
The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity continues to rise in most countries, associated with short-term medical, psychological and social consequences that worsen in the long term (Speiser et al., 2005; WHO, 2012). The mechanisms responsible for the etiology of overweight and obesity are complex. In addition, the dynamic process in which behaviors, cognitions and emotional regulation interact with each other, together with biological parameters (i.e. genetic predisposition, energy and/or metabolic expenditure), environmental factors (i.e. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ana R. Sep úlveda, Santos Solano, Miriam Blanco, Tatiana Lacruz, Montserrat Graell Source Type: research
Season of Birth: A Predictor of ADHD symptoms in Early Midlife
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which shows some stability across the life span (Kessler et al., 2010), is a major neuropsychiatric disorder diagnosed in children, adolescents, and adults. The adult literature suggests that ADHD is associated with higher health care costs (Hodgkins et al., 2011), cigarette smoking and substance-use disorders (Wilens et al., 2011), a greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders (Mannuzza et al, 1993; Hodgkins et al., 2011; Wilens et al., 2011), decreases in work performance and work productivity (Kessler et al, 2005; Biederman and Faraone, 2006), and lower educational attain...
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Chenshu Zhang, Judith S. Brook, Carl G. Leukefeld, Mario De La Rosa, David W. Brook Source Type: research
Title: Psychometric Properties of the Prolonged Grief Disorder-13 (PG-13) in bereaved Swedish parents
Grief is a normal reaction to loss, and includes psychological, physical, spiritual, social and cultural dimensions (Stroebe et al., 2008; Stroebe et al., 2017). Most bereaved individuals find that time heals their suffering as they go through their grieving process and they adjust to the loss of a loved one. However, for some the grieving process is debilitating, intense and persistent; they appear “stuck” in their g rief (Jordan and Litz, 2014; Maercker et al., 2013a; Prigerson et al., 2009), a phenomenon commonly called prolonged grief. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lilian Pohlkamp, Ulrika Kreicbergs, Holly G. Prigerson, Josefin Sveen Source Type: research
Prolonged Grief and Post-traumatic Growth after Loss: Latent Class Analysis
Bereaved individuals may experience a variety of psychopathological symptoms (Kristensen et al., 2012) including a cluster of symptoms mostly recently defined as prolonged grief disorder (He et al., 2014; Maercker et al., 2013; Prigerson et al., 2009). Prolonged grief disorder is characterized by longing for or persistent preoccupation with the deceased, symptoms of emotional distress and functional impairment beyond six months after the loss of a loved one (Prigerson et al., 2009). This new disorder has been included in the beta draft of the 11th edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Rela...
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ningning Zhou, Wei Yu, Suqin Tang, Jianping Wang, Clare Killikelly Source Type: research
The importance of avoiding confounding factors when measuring choroid by optical coherence tomography in psychotic patients
We read with interest the article entitled “A pilot study assessing retinal pathology in psychosis using optical coherence tomography: Choroidal and macular thickness” recently published by Joe (Joe et al., 2018) et al. in your journal (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, Fabio Barra, Simone Ferrero Source Type: research
Associations among Domains of Self-Disturbance in Schizophrenia
A long line of research suggests that people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have disturbances in the experience of self (Henriksen and Parnas, 2012; Hur et al., 2014; Sass, 2014). Self-disturbances are abnormalities in the subjective experience of selfhood (Parnas et al., 2005). These self-disturbances have been conceptualized in several different ways by different research groups, including misattribution of agency (Voss et al., 2010), disrupted sense of body ownership (Röhricht and Priebe, 2006), impaired self-other distinction (Ferri et al., 2012), and disturbances in the subjective experience of self (...
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mallory J. Klaunig, Christi L. Trask, Aaron M. Neis, Xuefang Chen, Alysia M. Berglund, David C. Cicero Source Type: research
Schizotypal traits and their relation to rejection sensitivity in the general population: the mediation by quality of life, agreeableness and neuroticism
Schizotypy is a latent personality organisation reflecting a putative liability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (Meehl, 1962). Schizotypy has several possible phenotypic expressions, namely schizotypal traits (at a behavioural level), schizotypal personality disorder, and psychosis (at sub-clinical and clinical levels, respectively) that are inter-related, but not necessarily interchangeable (Lenzenweger, 2010; Lin scott et al., in press). According to this definition, schizotypy represents a theoretical construct and aetiological model of psychosis (Fonseca-Pedrero et al., 2018). (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Preethi Premkumar, Juliana Onwumere, Lucy Betts, Fr änze Kibowski, Elizabeth Kuipers Source Type: research
Distress Tolerance an Approach Behavior? An Examination of Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Distress Tolerance in Adolescents
Adolescence marks a critical period of vulnerability for mood disorders. Mood symptoms and behaviors confer risk for the development of clinically significant symptoms in adulthood (Birmaher et al., 2009; Klein et al., 2009). Increasing our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying behaviors indicative of mood dysregulation may improve targeted intervention efforts in adolescents. (Source: Psychiatry Research)
Source: Psychiatry Research - June 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Alissa J. Ellis, Giulia Salgari, David Miklowitz, Sandra K. Loo Source Type: research
