Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Post-euthanasia micro-computed tomography-based strain analysis is able to represent quasi-static in vivo behavior of whole vertebrae
This study demonstrated a proof of concept, suggesting that post-euthanasia micro-computed tomography–based strain analysis is able to represent the in vivo quasi-static behavior of rat tail vertebrae. (Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine)
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Choudhari, C., Herblum, R., Akens, M. K., Moore, S., Hardisty, M., Whyne, C. M. Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research

A physiological model for the investigation of esophageal motility in healthy and pathologic conditions
Recent technological advances in esophageal manometry allowed the definition of new classification methods for the diagnosis of disorders of esophageal motility and the implementation of innovative computational tools for the autonomic, reliable and unbiased detection of different disorders. Computational models can be developed aiming to interpret the mechanical behavior and functionality of the gastrointestinal tract and to summarize the results from clinical measurements, as high-resolution manometry pressure plots, into model parameters. A physiological model was here developed to interpret data from esophageal high-re...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Carniel, E. L., Frigo, A., Costantini, M., Giuliani, T., Nicoletti, L., Merigliano, S., Natali, A. N. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Magnetic nanoparticles and blood flow behavior in non-Newtonian pulsating flow within the carotid artery in drug delivery application
This article is devoted to study on the magnetic drug targeting technique by particle tracking in the presence of a magnetic field in the carotid artery. The results showed that applying a magnetic field on the secondary branch of the external carotid artery in a pulsating non-Newtonian flow drove nanoparticles inside this sub-branch, while none of them entered that branch in the absence of magnetic field on the internal carotid artery. Wall shear stress distributions showed that high shear stress occurs near the bifurcation region, and its maximum value belongs to the junction of internal carotid artery and external carot...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Momeni Larimi, M., Ramiar, A., Ranjbar, A. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The effect of healing in the medial collateral ligament of human knee joint: A three-dimensional finite element analysis
In this study, finite element tibiofemoral joint models with three different MCL healing conditions were analyzed under six kinds of joint loads, such as 10 and 20 N·m valgus tibial torques, 5 and 10 N·m internal tibial torques, and 5 and 10 N·m external tibial torques. The three healing conditions corresponded to the early, medium, and final (i.e. healthy) stages of the healing period, respectively. It was found that different MCL healing conditions greatly affected the main joint kinematics under valgus tibial torques, but neither the reaction force nor stress results of the MCL. The peak strain valu...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Wan, C., Hao, Z., Wen, S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Strain rate dependent behavior of the porcine spinal cord under transverse dynamic compression
The accurate description of the mechanical properties of spinal cord tissue benefits to clinical evaluation of spinal cord injuries and is a required input for analysis tools such as finite element models. Unfortunately, available data in the literature generally relate mechanical properties of the spinal cord under quasi-static loading conditions, which is not adapted to the study of traumatic behavior, as neurological tissue adopts a viscoelastic behavior. Thus, the objective of this study is to describe mechanical properties of the spinal cord up to mechanical damage, under dynamic loading conditions. A total of 192 por...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Fradet, L., Cliche, F., Petit, Y., Mac-Thiong, J.-M., Arnoux, P.-J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Strain mapping and correlative microscopy of the alveolar bone in a bone-periodontal ligament-tooth fibrous joint
This study details a method to calculate strains within interradicular alveolar bone using digital volume correlation on X-ray tomograms of intact bone–periodontal ligament–tooth fibrous joints. The effects of loading schemes (concentric and eccentric) and optical magnification on the resulting strain in alveolar bone will be investigated with an intent to correlate deformation gradients with data sets from other complementary techniques. Strain maps will be correlated with structural and site-specific mechanical properties obtained on the same specimen using atomic force microscopy and atomic force microscopy&...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Jang, A., Prevost, R., Ho, S. P. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Strain gauge analysis of implant-supported, screw-retained metal frameworks: Comparison between different manufacturing technologies
Over the past decades, the technological development in the medical field, coupled with the ongoing scientific research, has led to the development and improvement of dental prostheses supported by screw-retained metal frameworks. A key point in the manufacture of the framework is the achievement of a passive fit, intended as the capability of an implant-supported reconstruction to transmit minimum strain to implant components as well as to the surrounding bone, when subject to any load. The fitting of four different kinds of screw-retained metal frameworks was tested in this article. They differ both in materials and manu...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Degidi, M., Caligiana, G., Francia, D., Liverani, A., Olmi, G., Tornabene, F. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Analysis of concentric and eccentric contractions in biceps brachii muscles using surface electromyography signals and multifractal analysis
In this study, an attempt has been made to analyze the concentric and eccentric contractions associated with biceps brachii muscles using surface electromyography signals and multifractal detrended moving average algorithm. Surface electromyography signals were recorded from 20 healthy individuals while performing a single curl exercise. The preprocessed signals were divided into concentric and eccentric cycles and in turn divided into phases based on range of motion: lower (0°–90°) and upper (>90°). The segments of surface electromyography signal were subjected to multifractal detrended moving average...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Marri, K., Swaminathan, R. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Peristaltic transport of bi-viscosity fluids through a curved tube: A mathematical model for intestinal flow
The human intestinal tract is a long, curved tube constituting the final section of the digestive system in which nutrients and water are mostly absorbed. Motivated by the dynamics of chyme in the intestine, a mathematical model is developed to simulate the associated transport phenomena via peristaltic transport. Rheology of chyme is modelled using the Nakamura–Sawada bi-viscosity non-Newtonian formulation. The intestinal tract is considered as a curved tube geometric model. Low Reynolds number (creeping hydrodynamics) and long wavelength approximations are taken into consideration. Analytical solutions of the movin...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - August 9, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Tripathi, D., Akbar, N. S., Khan, Z., Beg, O. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Non-invasive assessment of human multifidus muscle stiffness using ultrasound shear wave elastography: A feasibility study
There is a lack of numeric data for the mechanical characterization of spine muscles, especially in vivo data. The multifidus muscle is a major muscle for the stabilization of the spine and may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic low back pain (LBP). Supersonic shear wave elastography (SWE) has not yet been used on back muscles. The purpose of this prospective study is to assess the feasibility of ultrasound SWE to measure the elastic modulus of lumbar multifidus muscle in a passive stretching posture and at rest with a repeatable and reproducible method. A total of 10 asymptotic subjects (aged 25.5 ± 2.2 yea...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Moreau, B., Vergari, C., Gad, H., Sandoz, B., Skalli, W., Laporte, S. Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research

Pressure mapping with textile sensors for compression therapy monitoring
Compression therapy is the cornerstone of treatment in the case of venous leg ulcers. The therapy outcome is strictly dependent on the pressure distribution produced by bandages along the lower limb length. To date, pressure monitoring has been carried out using sensors that present considerable drawbacks, such as single point instead of distributed sensing, no shape conformability, bulkiness and constraints on patient’s movements. In this work, matrix textile sensing technologies were explored in terms of their ability to measure the sub-bandage pressure with a suitable temporal and spatial resolution. A multilayere...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Baldoli, I., Mazzocchi, T., Paoletti, C., Ricotti, L., Salvo, P., Dini, V., Laschi, C., Francesco, F. D., Menciassi, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Numerical evaluation of implantable hearing devices using a finite element model of human ear considering viscoelastic properties
Finite element method was employed in this study to analyze the change in performance of implantable hearing devices due to the consideration of soft tissues’ viscoelasticity. An integrated finite element model of human ear including the external ear, middle ear and inner ear was first developed via reverse engineering and analyzed by acoustic–structure–fluid coupling. Viscoelastic properties of soft tissues in the middle ear were taken into consideration in this model. The model-derived dynamic responses including middle ear and cochlea functions showed a better agreement with experimental data at high f...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Zhang, J., Tian, J., Ta, N., Huang, X., Rao, Z. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Influence of third-body particles originating from bone void fillers on the wear of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene
This study showed that bone void fillers of similar composition can cause varying damage to cobalt chrome counterfaces. However, the lip heights of the scratches were not of sufficient magnitude to increase the wear of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene above that of the negative controls. (Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine)
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Cowie, R. M., Carbone, S., Aiken, S., Cooper, J. J., Jennings, L. M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Morphological effects of porous poly-D,L-lactic acid/hydroxyapatite scaffolds produced by supercritical CO2 foaming on their mechanical performance
In this study, supercritical CO2 foaming was used to prepare fully interconnected porous scaffolds of poly-d,l-lactic acid and poly-d,l-lactic acid/hydroxyapatite. The morphological, mechanical and cell behaviours of the scaffolds were measured to examine the effect of hydroxyapatite on these properties. These scaffolds showed an average porosity in the range of 86%–95%, an average pore diameter of 229–347 µm and an average pore interconnection of 103–207 µm. The measured porosity, pore diameter, and interconnection size are suitable for cancellous bone regeneration. Compressive strength and m...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Rouholamin, D., van Grunsven, W., Reilly, G. C., Smith, P. J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

An insight into elasticity analysis of common carotid artery using ultrasonography
This study was to estimate elasticity of common carotid artery by measuring the diameter during systolic and diastolic phases using pixel tracing of successive frames and blood pressure. The B-mode ultrasonography video containing arterial wall motion was captured and fragmented into image frames. Each pixel on the greyscale image was converted into RGB intensity values. The diameter of the artery as well as the thickness of the wall was measured by tracing the pixel displacements from successive frames during arterial pulsation. The study was conducted on 19 subjects aged 25–40 years. The systolic and diastolic caro...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Raj, J. R., Rahman, S., Anand, S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research