Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Changes in knee kinematics following total knee arthroplasty
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) changes the knee joint in both intentional and unintentional, known and unknown, ways. Patellofemoral and tibiofemoral kinematics play an important role in postoperative pain, function, satisfaction and revision, yet are largely unknown. Preoperative kinematics, postoperative kinematics or changes in kinematics may help identify causes of poor clinical outcome. Patellofemoral kinematics are challenging to record since the patella is obscured by the metal femoral component in X-ray and moves under the skin. The purpose of this study was to determine the kinematic degrees of freedom having signi...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - March 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Akbari Shandiz, M., Boulos, P., Saevarsson, S. K., Yoo, S., Miller, S., Anglin, C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Acetabular shell deformation as a function of shell stiffness and bone strength
This study aimed to model shell deformation as a process of shell stiffness and bone strength. A cohort of 32 shells with two different wall thicknesses (3 and 4 mm) and 10 different shell sizes (44- to 62-mm outer diameter) were implanted into eight cadavers. Shell deformation was then measured in the cadavers using a previously validated ATOS Triple Scan III optical system. The shell–bone interface was then considered as a spring system according to Hooke’s law and from this the force exerted on the shell by the bone was calculated using a combined stiffness consisting of the measured shell stiffness and a ca...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - March 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Dold, P., Pandorf, T., Flohr, M., Preuss, R., Bone, M. C., Joyce, T. J., Holland, J., Deehan, D. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Retrieval analysis of a failed TriboFit polycarbonate urethane acetabular buffer
The purpose of this research was to determine the failure mechanisms and damage features of a TriboFit acetabular buffer implanted directly against a native, prepared acetabulum which was revised after 11months. Retrieval analyses were carried out via light microscopy, gravimetric wear assessment, and observer scoring of visible damage features on the buffer. The volume of material abraded from the backside of the buffer was estimated via three-dimensional reconstruction using a laser scanner. Scanning electron microscopy was used to confirm damage features and mechanisms. Severe abrasion to the backside of the buffer was ...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Biant, L. C., Gascoyne, T. C., Bohm, E. R., Moran, M. Tags: Case Study Source Type: research

Biomechanical design considerations for transradial prosthetic interface: A review
Traditional function and comfort assessment of transradial prostheses pay scant attention to prosthetic interface. With better understanding of the biomechanics of prosthetic interface comes better efficiency and safety for interface design; in this way, amputees are more likely to accept prosthetic usage. This review attempts to provide design and selection criteria of transradial interface for prosthetists and clinicians. Various transradial socket types in the literature were chronologically reviewed. Biomechanical discussion of transradial prosthetic interface design from an engineering point of view was also done. Sus...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Sang, Y., Li, X., Luo, Y. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Inclusion of the periodontal ligament in studies on the biomechanical behavior of fiber post-retained restorations: An in vitro study and three-dimensional finite element analysis
This study showed that inclusion of periodontal ligament is not particularly important on biomechanical behavior of post-retained restorations. However, we recommend its inclusion in fatigue studies. (Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine)
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Gonzalez-Lluch, C., Rodriguez-Cervantes, P.-J., Forner, L., Barjau, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Video tracking for high-similarity drug tablets based on reflective lightness intensity and fuzzy recognition system
Video tracking of drug tablet exerts important influences on the efficiency and reliability of its mass production; this topic also becomes a difficult and targeted focus for pharmaceutical production monitory in the past several years due to the high similarity and random distribution of those objectives to be searched for. By measuring the reflective lightness intensity of illumination lightness on tablet surface, reflective lightness intensity matrix was established and demonstrated in the form of grey image, presenting its shape topology and topography details in return. On this basis, a series of mathematical properti...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Liang, Z., Liu, X., Tan, S., Wen, Y. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Computational hemodynamics of abdominal aortic aneurysms: Three-dimensional ultrasound versus computed tomography
The current criterion for surgical intervention in abdominal aortic aneurysms, based upon a maximal aortic diameter, is considered conservative due to the high mortality rate in case of rupture. The research community is actively investigating the use of computational mechanics tools combined with patient-specific imaging to help identify more accurate criteria. Widespread uptake of a successful metric will however be limited by the need for computed tomography, which is at present the primary image extraction method on account of the location and complex shape of the aneurysms. The use of three-dimensional ultrasound as t...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Owen, B., Lowe, C., Ashton, N., Mandal, P., Rogers, S., Wein, W., McCollum, C., Revell, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The dynamic limits of hop height: Biological actuator capabilities and mechanical requirements of task produce incongruity between one- and two-legged performance
The maximum hop height attainable for a given hop frequency falls well below the theoretical limit dictated by gravity, h = g/8f2. However, maximum hop height is proportional to 1/f2, suggesting that ground reaction force and, hence, force production capabilities of the leg muscles limit human hopping performance. Curiously, during one-legged hopping, subjects were able to produce substantially more than 50% the ground reaction force produced during two-legged maximum height hopping—66% on average and as much as 90% the total force produced during two-legged hopping. This implies that two legs together should be able...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Gutmann, A. K., Bertram, J. E. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Effect of heart rate on the hemodynamics of bileaflet mechanical heart valves prostheses (St. Jude Medical) in the aortic position and in the opening phase: A computational study
In this study, the hemodynamic performance of the bileaflet mechanical heart valves in a wide range of normal and physiological heart rates, that is, 60–150 beats/min, was studied in the opening phase. The model considered in this study was a St. Jude Medical bileaflet mechanical heart valve with the inner diameter of 27 mm in the aortic position. The hemodynamics of the native valve and the St. Jude Medical valve were studied in a variety of heart rates in the opening phase and the results were carefully compared. The results indicate that peak values of the velocity profile downstream of the valve increase as heart...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Jahandardoost, M., Fradet, G., Mohammadi, H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Variation in electrosurgical vessel seal quality along the length of a porcine carotid artery
This study aims to examine the variation in electrosurgical seal quality along the length of a porcine common carotid artery and explore the relationships between seal quality, vessel size and morphology. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the minimum safety threshold for successful seals and the influence of vessel characteristics on meeting this requirement. A total of 35 porcine carotid arteries were sealed using the PlasmaKinetic Open Seal device (Gyrus). Each seal was burst pressure tested and a sample taken for staining with elastin van Gieson’s stain, with morphological quantification using image pro...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - February 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Wyatt, H. L., Richards, R., Pullin, R., Yang, T. J., Blain, E. J., Evans, S. L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

An experimental assessment of catheter trackability forces with tortuosity parameters along patient-specific coronary phantoms
This study assessed the significance and correlation between the trackability forces for a coronary stent system with various geometrical parameters based on patient-specific geometries. A motorised delivery system delivered a commercially available coronary stent system and monitored the trackability forces along three phantom patient-specific thin-walled, compliant coronary vessels supported by a cardiac phantom model. The maximum trackability forces, curvature and torsion values ranged from 0.31 to 0.87 N, 0.06 to 0.22 mm–1 and –11.1 to 5.8 mm–1, respectively. The trackability forces were significantly...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - January 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Finn, R., Morris, L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Effect of plasma nitriding treatment on structural, tribological and electrochemical properties of commercially pure titanium
In this study, plasma nitriding treatment was applied to commercially pure titanium (Grade 2). Structural properties, electrochemical and tribological behaviours of the nitrided pure titanium specimens were comparatively investigated. Microstructure and morphology of the plasma nitrided specimens were analysed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, corrosion tests were conducted in Ringer’s solution, which represents a human body environment, to determine electrochemical properties. Then, tribological and frictional properties were investigated using pin-on-disc tribometer, and a micro-ha...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - January 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Celik, I., Karakan, M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

ISO 12189 standard for the preclinical evaluation of posterior spinal stabilization devices - II: A parametric comparative study
The International Standardization Organization (ISO) 12189 standard was recently introduced to preclinically evaluate and compare the mechanical properties of posterior stabilization devices. This scenario presents some new significant steps ahead over the vertebrectomy model recommended by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F1717 standard: the modular anterior support allows for describing a closer scenario to the effective clinical use as well as to test very flexible and dynamic posterior stabilization devices. Despite these significant advantages, ISO 12189 received little attention in the literature. An...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - January 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: La Barbera, L., Costa, F., Villa, T. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

ISO 12189 standard for the preclinical evaluation of posterior spinal stabilization devices - I: Assembly procedure and validation
The International Standardization Organization introduced standard 12189 for the preclinical evaluation of the mechanical reliability of posterior stabilization devices. The well-known vertebrectomy model formalized in standard F1717 by the American Society for Testing and Materials was modified with the introduction of a modular anterior support made up of three calibrated springs, which allows to describe a more realistic scenario, closer to the effective clinical use, as well to test even very flexible and dynamic posterior stabilization implants. Despite these important improvements, ISO 12189 received very little atte...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - January 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: La Barbera, L., Villa, T. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Characteristics of time-varying intracranial pressure on blood flow through cerebral artery: A fluid-structure interaction approach
Elevated intracranial pressure is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in severe head injuries. Wall shear stresses in the artery can be affected by increased intracranial pressures and may lead to the formation of cerebral aneurysms. Earlier research on cerebral arteries and aneurysms involves using constant mean intracranial pressure values. Recent advancements in intracranial pressure monitoring techniques have led to measurement of the intracranial pressure waveform. By incorporating a time-varying intracranial pressure waveform in place of constant intracranial pressures in the analysis of cerebral arteries ...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - January 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Syed, H., Unnikrishnan, V. U., Olcmen, S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research