Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of co-axially electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/maghemite
In this study, co-axial electrospinning method is used to fabricate nanofibers made of polyvinyl alcohol and maghemite (-Fe2O3). The concentration of polyvinyl alcohol and amount of maghemite nanoparticle loading were varied, at 5 and 10 w/v% and at 1–10 v/v%, respectively. The mechanical properties (strength and Young’s modulus), porosity, and biocompatibility properties (contact angle and cell viability) of the electrospun mats were evaluated, with the same mats fabricated by regular single-nozzle electrospinning method as the control. The co-axial electrospinning method is able to fabricate the expected poly...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Ngadiman, N. H. A., Mohd Yusof, N., Idris, A., Kurniawan, D. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

A novel curvature-controllable steerable needle for percutaneous intervention
Over the last few decades, flexible steerable robotic needles for percutaneous intervention have been the subject of significant interest. However, there still remain issues related to (a) steering the needle’s direction with less damage to surrounding tissues and (b) increasing the needle’s maximum curvature for better controllability. One widely used approach is to control the fixed-angled bevel-tip needle using a "duty-cycle" algorithm. While this algorithm has shown its applicability, it can potentially damage surrounding tissue, which has prevented the widespread adoption of this technology. This situation...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Bui, V. K., Park, S., Park, J.-O., Ko, S. Y. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Numerical analysis of blood flow through an elliptic stenosis using large eddy simulation
This article reports the numerical simulation of flow through an eccentrically located asymmetric stenosis having elliptical cross section using computational fluid dynamics. Large eddy simulation technique using dynamic Smagorinsky sub-grid scale model is applied to capture the turbulent features of flow. Analysis is carried out for two situations: steady inflow as ideal condition and pulsatile inflow corresponding to the actual physiological condition in common carotid artery. The spatially varying pulsatile inflow waveforms are mathematically derived from instantaneous mass flow measurements available in the literature....
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - July 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Jabir, E., Lal, S. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Motion analysis study on sensitivity of finite element model of the cervical spine to geometry
Numerous finite element models of the cervical spine have been proposed, with exact geometry or with symmetric approximation in the geometry. However, few researches have investigated the sensitivity of predicted motion responses to the geometry of the cervical spine. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of symmetric assumption on the predicted motion by finite element model of the cervical spine. We developed two finite element models of the cervical spine C2–C7. One model was based on the exact geometry of the cervical spine (asymmetric model), whereas the other was symmetric (symmetric model) about th...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Zafarparandeh, I., Erbulut, D. U., Ozer, A. F. Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research

Assembly force and taper angle difference influence the relative motion at the stem-neck interface of bi-modular hip prostheses
Bi-modular hip arthroplasty prostheses allow adaptation to the individual patient anatomy and the combination of different materials but introduce an additional interface, which was related lately to current clinical issues. Relative motion at the additional taper interface might increase the overall risk of fretting, corrosion, metallic debris and early failure. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the assembly force influences the relative motion and seating behaviour at the stem–neck interface of a bi-modular hip prosthesis (Metha®; Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany) and whether this relation is inf...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Haschke, H., Jauch-Matt, S. Y., Sellenschloh, K., Huber, G., Morlock, M. M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Symmetry comparison between sacrum and center of mass during walking
In conclusion, the results indicated that it may not be analytically acceptable to substitute sacrum for center of mass in symmetry determination. (Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine)
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Navvab Motlagh, F., Arshi, A. R. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Impact of intraprosthetic drilling on the strength of the femoral stem in periprosthetic fractures: A finite element investigation
Treatment of periprosthetic femur fractures after total hip arthroplasty remains a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. Recently, a novel surgical technique using intraprosthetic screw fixation has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of drilling the femoral hip stem on integrity and strength of the implant. The hypothesis was that intraprosthetic drilling and screw fixation would not cause the load limit of the prosthesis to be exceeded and that deformation would remain within the elastic limit. A sawbone model with a conventional straight hip stem was used and a Vancouver C periprosth...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Brand, S., Bauer, M., Petri, M., Schrader, J., Maier, H. J., Krettek, C., Hassel, T. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Biomechanical optimization of subject-specific implant positioning for femoral head resurfacing to reduce fracture risk
Peri-prosthetic femoral neck fracture after femoral head resurfacing can be either patient-related or surgical technique-related. The study aimed to develop a patient-specific finite element modelling technique that can reliably predict an optimal implant position and give minimal strain in the peri-prosthetic bone tissue, thereby reducing the risk of peri-prosthetic femoral neck fracture. The subject-specific finite element modelling was integrated with optimization techniques including design of experiments to best possibly position the implant for achieving minimal strain for femoral head resurfacing. Sample space was d...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Miles, B., Kolos, E., Appleyard, R., Theodore, W., Zheng, K., Li, Q., Ruys, A. J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Evaluation of surgical impaction technique and how it affects locking strength of the head-stem taper junction
Cases of fretting and corrosion at the taper junction have been reported in large metal-on-metal bearing combinations, and more recently, this concern has included metal-on-polyethylene bearing combinations. Many of these patients have been revised due to adverse local tissue reaction secondary to taper corrosion. This taper corrosion–related adverse local tissue reaction seems to be a multifactorial issue and difficult to assess. The aim of this study was to look at one potential variable, the impaction behavior (impaction force, number of blows, etc.) of orthopedic surgeons, and understand how this can affect the l...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Scholl, L., Schmidig, G., Faizan, A., TenHuisen, K., Nevelos, J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Characteristics of a volume-adjustable compression chamber for transradial prosthetic interface
In the transradial limb–socket contact interface, the physiological properties and prosthetic operating habits of the residual limb might affect the comfort and functionality of the prosthesis. To enhance the comfort and functionality of the interface, a frame-type socket with four volume-adjustable compression chambers was proposed for the transradial amputation level. The contact pressure of the limb–socket interface was adjusted by the volume changes in the chambers and controlled by a vacuum pump and the corresponding control system. The parameters of the chamber were designed in accordance with the biomech...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Sang, Y., Li, X., Luo, Y. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Prediction of the mechanical response of canine humerus to three-point bending using subject-specific finite element modelling
This study constitutes a basis for the forthcoming optimization of canine long-bone fracture repair. (Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine)
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Laurent, C. P., Böhme, B., Mengoni, M., dOtreppe, V., Balligand, M., Ponthot, J.-P. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Potential of modeling and simulations of bioengineered devices: Endoprostheses, prostheses and orthoses
This article presents an extensive analysis on the use of finite element modeling for the design, testing and development of prosthesis and orthosis devices. (Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine)
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Ginestra, P. S., Ceretti, E., Fiorentino, A. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Removal torque of nail interlocking screws is related to screw proximity to the fracture and screw breakage
This study was designed to determine what variables influence the removal torque for titanium alloy interlocking screws. An intramedullary nail with four interlocking screws was used to stabilize a 1-cm segmental femoral defect in a canine model for 16 weeks. The animals were observed to be active following a several-day recovery after surgery. In six animals, the femora and implanted nail/screws were first tested to failure in torsion to simulate periprosthetic fracture of an implant after which the screws were then removed. In four additional animals, the screws were removed without mechanical testing. Both intraoperativ...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - May 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: White, A. A., Kubacki, M. R., Samona, J., Telehowski, P., Atkinson, P. J. Tags: Technical Notes Source Type: research

Sensitivity of left ventricular mechanics to myofiber architecture: A finite element study
In this study, a left ventricular finite element model of the porcine heart was created using magnetic resonance imaging, which represents the in vivo geometry. Various myofiber architectures were assigned to the finite element mesh, in the form of fiber and sheet angles. A structural-based material law was used to model the behavior of passive myocardium and its parameters were estimated using measured in vivo strains and cavity volume from magnetic resonance imaging. The final results showed noticeable sensitivity of the stress distribution to both the fiber and sheet angle distributions. This implies that a structural-b...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - May 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Nikou, A., Gorman, R. C., Wenk, J. F. Tags: Technical Notes Source Type: research

Quantifying the regional variations in the mechanical properties of cancellous bone of the tibia using indentation testing and quantitative computed tomographic imaging
Finite element models apply material properties using experimentally derived density–modulus equations and computed tomographic image data, yet numerous different equations exist in the literature. The purpose of this study was to experimentally evaluate the distribution of mechanical properties through the proximal tibia and compare with those predicted using existing density–modulus equations. Indentation testing was performed on five cadaveric tibiae, with four slices removed from the proximal epiphysis and metaphysis of each. Elastic modulus and yield strength were identified for each test and grouped into ...
Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - May 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Vijayakumar, V., Quenneville, C. E. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research