Periodontal and peri‐implant wound healing following laser therapy
This article discusses the outcomes of laser therapy in soft‐tissue management, periodontal nonsurgical and surgical treatment, osseous surgery and peri‐implant treatment, focusing on postoperative wound healing of periodontal and peri‐implant tissues, based on scientific evidence from currently available basic and clinical studies, as well as on case reports. (Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Akira Aoki, Koji Mizutani, Frank Schwarz, Anton Sculean, Raymond A. Yukna, Aristeo A. Takasaki, Georgios E. Romanos, Yoichi Taniguchi, Katia M. Sasaki, Jorge L. Zeredo, Geena Koshy, Donald J. Coluzzi, Joel M. White, Yoshimitsu Abiko, Isao Ishikawa, Yuichi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Biomaterials for promoting periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects: a systematic review
Abstract
Intrabony periodontal defects are a frequent complication of periodontitis and, if left untreated, may negatively affect long‐term tooth prognosis. The optimal outcome of treatment in intrabony defects is considered to be the absence of bleeding on probing, the presence of shallow pockets associated with periodontal regeneration (i.e. formation of new root cementum with functionally orientated inserting periodontal ligament fibers connected to new alveolar bone) and no soft‐tissue recession. A plethora of different surgical techniques, often including implantation of various types of bone graft and/or bone sub...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Anton Sculean, Dimitris Nikolidakis, George Nikou, Aleksandar Ivanovic, Iain L. C. Chapple, Andreas Stavropoulos Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Animal models for peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis
Abstract
The treatment of infectious diseases affecting osseointegrated implants in function has become a demanding issue in implant dentistry. Since the early 1990s, preclinical data from animal studies have provided important insights into the etiology, pathogenesis and therapy of peri‐implant diseases. Established lesions in animals have shown many features in common with those found in human biopsy material. The current review focuses on animal studies, employing different models to induce peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis. (Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Frank Schwarz, Anton Sculean, Steven P. Engebretson, Jürgen Becker, Martin Sager Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Wound healing in immediately loaded implants
Abstract
The orthopedic field has accumulated ample evidence that bone formation is related to functional loading and in general to physical activity. However, despite evidence that immediately loaded implants can be predictably successful, many clinicians still use the classical (delayed loading) treatment protocol. This paper examines the effects of loading on dental implants and discusses the advantages of immediate loading. The role of loading on augmented alveolar ridges is also addressed and provides evidence that early bone resorption may be controlled when bone is functionally loaded. Similar data are emerging for ...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Georgios E. Romanos Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Temporal sequence of hard and soft tissue healing around titanium dental implants
The objective of the present review was to summarize the evidence available on the temporal sequence of hard and soft tissue healing around titanium dental implants in animal models and in humans. A search was undertaken to find animal and human studies reporting on the temporal dynamics of hard and soft tissue integration of titanium dental implants. Moreover, the influence of implant surface roughness and chemistry on the molecular mechanisms associated with osseointegration was also investigated. The findings indicated that the integration of titanium dental implants into hard and soft tissue represents the result of a ...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Giovanni E. Salvi, Dieter D. Bosshardt, Niklaus P. Lang, Ingemar Abrahamsson, Tord Berglundh, Jan Lindhe, Saso Ivanovski, Nikos Donos Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Alveolar socket healing: what can we learn?
In conclusion, tooth extraction, once a simple and straightforward surgical procedure, should be performed in the knowledge that ridge reduction will follow and that further clinical steps should be considered to compensate for this, when considering future options for tooth replacement. (Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Mauricio G. Araújo, Cléverson O. Silva, Mônica Misawa, Flavia Sukekava Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Experimental models for guided bone regeneration in healthy and medically compromised conditions
Abstract
The increased use of dental implants and related bone‐augmentation procedures creates a need for reliable proof‐of‐principle preclinical models for evaluating different bone‐regenerative techniques. The simulation of clinical scenarios by such models is of importance when the experiments are designed in order for the outcomes to provide basic points of clinical relevance. At the same time, the increased proportion of the population with different chronic diseases of ageing necessitates the need to reproduce these conditions in the same proof‐of‐principle preclinical models to allow evaluation of the ef...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Nikolaos Donos, Xanthippi Dereka, Nikos Mardas Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Wound healing following surgical and regenerative periodontal therapy
Abstract
Clinical studies have evaluated the effect of conventional periodontal surgical therapy. In general, although some clinical gain in tissue support may be attained, these therapies do not support regeneration of the periodontal attachment. Even though the biological possibility of periodontal regeneration has been demonstrated, the clinical application of this intrinsic potential appears difficult to harness; thus also conceptually most intriguing candidate protocols face clinical challenges. In this review, we explore the bioclinical principles, condiciones sine quibus non, that unleash the innate potential of the...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Cristiano Susin, Tiago Fiorini, Jaebum Lee, Jamie A. De Stefano, Douglas P. Dickinson, Ulf M. E. Wikesjö Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Animal models for periodontal regeneration and peri‐implant responses
Abstract
Translation of experimental data to the clinical setting requires the safety and efficacy of such data to be confirmed in animal systems before application in humans. In dental research, the animal species used is dependent largely on the research question or on the disease model. Periodontal disease and, by analogy, peri‐implant disease, are complex infections that result in a tissue‐degrading inflammatory response. It is impossible to explore the complex pathogenesis of periodontitis or peri‐implantitis using only reductionist in‐vitro methods. Both the disease process and healing of the periodontal and ...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Alpdogan Kantarci, Hatice Hasturk, Thomas E. Van Dyke Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Pre‐clinical in vivo models for the screening of bone biomaterials for oral/craniofacial indications: focus on small‐animal models
Abstract
Preclinical in vivo experimental studies are performed for evaluating proof‐of‐principle concepts, safety and possible unwanted reactions of candidate bone biomaterials before proceeding to clinical testing. Specifically, models involving small animals have been developed for screening bone biomaterials for their potential to enhance bone formation. No single model can completely recreate the anatomic, physiologic, biomechanic and functional environment of the human mouth and jaws. Relevant aspects regarding physiology, anatomy, dimensions and handling are discussed in this paper to elucidate the advantages an...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Andreas Stavropoulos, Anton Sculean, Dieter D. Bosshardt, Daniel Buser, Björn Klinge Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
In vitro models for evaluation of periodontal wound healing/regeneration
Abstract
Periodontal wound healing and regeneration are highly complex processes, involving cells, matrices, molecules and genes that must be properly choreographed and orchestrated. As we attempt to understand and influence these clinical entities, we need experimental models to mimic the various aspects of human wound healing and regeneration. In vivo animal models that simulate clinical situations of humans can be costly and cumbersome. In vitro models have been devised to dissect wound healing/regeneration processes into discrete, analyzable steps. For soft tissue (e.g. gingival) healing, in vitro models range from sim...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Miron Weinreb, Carlos E. Nemcovsky Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Multiple functions of gingival and mucoperiosteal fibroblasts in oral wound healing and repair
Abstract
Fibroblasts are cells of mesenchymal origin. They are responsible for the production of most extracellular matrix in connective tissues and are essential for wound healing and repair. In recent years, it has become clear that fibroblasts from different tissues have various distinct traits. Moreover, wounds in the oral cavity heal under very special environmental conditions compared with skin wounds. Here, we reviewed the current literature on the various interconnected functions of gingival and mucoperiosteal fibroblasts during the repair of oral wounds. The MEDLINE database was searched with the following terms: ...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - April 13, 2015 Category: Dentistry Authors: Matthias Chiquet, Christos Katsaros, Dimitris Kletsas Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
A Latin American perspective of periodontology
Abstract
Periodontal diseases occur worldwide, and Latin American populations are significantly affected by different manifestations of periodontal disease. The interest in periodontics and periodontal therapy first developed in the early 1930s in the southernmost countries of Latin America, and spread, as the years went by, throughout the region. Today, periodontal research is vibrant in Latin America. The aim of this volume of Periodontology 2000 was to present an overview of the periodontal research currently being performed in different countries of Latin America. The epidemiology of periodontal diseases in adults, chi...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 13, 2014 Category: Dentistry Authors: Raúl G. Caffesse Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The hamster cheek pouch model for field cancerization studies
Abstract
External carcinogens, such as tobacco and alcohol, induce molecular changes in large areas of oral mucosa, which increase the risk of malignant transformation. This condition, known as ‘field cancerization’, can be detected in biopsy specimens using histochemical techniques, even before histological alterations are identified. The efficacy of these histochemical techniques as biomarkers of early cancerization must be demonstrated in appropriate models. The hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model, universally employed in biological studies and in studies for the prevention and treatment of oral cancer, is also an...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 12, 2014 Category: Dentistry Authors: Andrea Monti‐Hughes, Romina F. Aromando, Miguel A. Pérez, Amanda E. Schwint, Maria E. Itoiz Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Lasers in periodontal therapy
Abstract
About 50 years ago, lasers started to be used in periodontal treatment following evidence that wounds produced in animals healed more quickly after being irradiated with low‐intensity lasers. Increased production of growth factors, stimulated mainly by red and infrared lasers, may participate in this process by influencing the behavior of various types of cells. High‐intensity lasers have been used as an alternative to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in root biomodification and to reduce dentin hypersensivity; low‐intensity lasers are frequently employed to improve tissue repair in regenerative procedures a...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 12, 2014 Category: Dentistry Authors: Euloir Passanezi, Carla Andreotti Damante, Maria L. Rubo Rezende, Sebastião L. Aguiar Greghi Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
