Issue Information
(Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 21, 2016 Category: Dentistry Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Zirconia dental implants: where are we now, and where are we heading?
Abstract
Despite decades of titanium as the gold standard in oral implantology, the search for alternatives has been growing. High esthetic standards and increasing incidence of titanium allergies, along with a rising demand for metal‐free reconstructions, have led to the proposal of ceramics as potential surrogates. Following numerous experimental studies, zirconium dioxide (zirconia) has earned its place as a potential substitute for titanium in implantology. Yet, despite zirconia's excellent biocompatibility and tissue integration, low affinity to plaque and favorable biomechanical properties, early failures were sign...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Norbert Cionca, Dena Hashim, Andrea Mombelli Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Implants for elderly patients
Abstract
In the developed world, the large birth cohorts of the so‐called baby boomer generation have arrived in medical and dental practices. Often, elderly patients are ‘young‐old’ baby boomers in whom partial edentulism is the predominant indication for implant therapy. However, the generation 85+ years of age represents a new challenge for the dental profession, as their lives are frequently dominated by dependency, multimorbidity and frailty. In geriatric implant dentistry, treatment planning is highly individualized, as interindividual differences become more pronounced with age. Nevertheless, there are four...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Martin Schimmel, Frauke M üller, Valérie Suter, Daniel Buser Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Implant surface roughness and patient factors on long ‐term peri‐implant bone loss
Abstract
Dental implant placement is a common treatment procedure in current dental practice. High implant survival rates as well as limited peri‐implant bone loss has been achieved over the past decades due to continuous modifications of implant design and surface topography. Since the turn of the millennium, implant surface modifications have focused on stronger and faster bone healing. This has not only yielded higher implant survival rates but also allowed modifications in surgical as well as prosthetic treatment protocols such as immediate implant placement and immediate loading. Stable crestal bone levels have been...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Hugo De Bruyn, V éronique Christiaens, Ron Doornewaard, Magnus Jacobsson, Jan Cosyn, Wolfgang Jacquet, Stijn Vervaeke Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Reliability of periodontal diagnostic tools for monitoring peri ‐implant health and disease
Abstract
The prevalence, causes and consequences of crestal bone loss at dental implants are a matter of debate. In recent years, a high prevalence of peri‐implant soft‐tissue inflammation, associated with peri‐implant bone loss, has been reported and the need for treatments similar to those offered for natural teeth affected by periodontitis has been proposed. This suggestion is based on the assumption that periodontal indices, such as probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing, are reliable indicators of the peri‐implant tissue conditions and good predictors of future bone loss. However, based on a critical rev...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Pierluigi Coli, V éronique Christiaens, Lars Sennerby, Hugo De Bruyn Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Esthetic assessments in implant dentistry: objective and subjective criteria for clinicians and patients
Abstract
In recent years the scientific community has shown a clear interest in the esthetic outcome of implant treatment. The present paper provides an overview of the esthetic ratings that have been used in implant dentistry. A distinction can be made between objective evaluations by clinicians and subjective evaluations by patients. The former mainly include: midfacial and interproximal soft‐tissue levels; two‐dimensional/three‐dimensional soft‐tissue alterations; assessment of the color match between the natural dentition, on the one hand, and the peri‐implant tissues and the reconstruction, on the other hand...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Jan Cosyn, Daniel S. Thoma, Christoph H. F. H ämmerle, Hugo De Bruyn Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Digital technology in fixed implant prosthodontics
Abstract
Digital protocols are increasingly influencing prosthodontic treatment concepts. Implant‐supported single‐unit and short‐span reconstructions will benefit mostly from the present digital trends. In these protocols, monolithic implant crowns connected to prefabricated titanium abutments, which are created based on data obtained from an intraoral scan followed by virtual design and production, without the need of a physical master cast, have to be considered in lieu of conventional manufacturing techniques for posterior implant restorations. No space for storage is needed in the complete digital workflow, and ...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Tim Joda, Marco Ferrari, German O. Gallucci, Julia ‐Gabriela Wittneben, Urs Brägger Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Evolution of loading protocols in implant dentistry for partially dentate arches
This article reviews the existing published evidence relating to accelerated clinical protocols and patient outcomes. Subsequent to the review, clinical recommendations are offered. (Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Dean Morton, Adrien Pollini Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Screw retained vs. cement retained implant ‐supported fixed dental prosthesis
Abstract
A fixed dental prosthesis can be secured to an endosseous implant via cementation (using a provisional or definitive cement) on an implant abutment that is screw retained to the implant or directly in the implant via screw retention. The clinical decision as to which retention system best suits the individual patient depends on several factors. The aim of this review is to present a detailed overview of the factors potentially influencing whether to choose screw retention or cement retention. These factors include the individual indication, advantages and disadvantages of the different retention mechanisms, the re...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Julia ‐Gabriela Wittneben, Tim Joda, Hans‐Peter Weber, Urs Brägger Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Coverage of mucosal recessions at dental implants
Abstract
Facial peri‐implant mucosal recessions represent an increasing complication in implant dentistry and may negatively affect the esthetic outcome and patient satisfaction. The aim of the present paper is to provide a review on the potential causes of facial peri‐implant mucosal recessions and to provide a rationale for treatment along with possible treatment options. The available data indicate that soft tissue augmentation around dental implants is possible, but at present there is no evidence demonstrating that the augmented soft tissues are able to influence the peri‐implant bone levels (e.g. to limit peri...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Anton Sculean, Vivianne Chappuis, Raluca Cosgarea Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Current state of the art of computer ‐guided implant surgery
Abstract
The invention of computerized axial tomography (now known as computerized tomography) and developments of interactive software to allow virtual planning, with the aim to guide the surgery precisely toward a specific target, has dramatically improved general, as well as oral, surgery. Virtual dental implant planning allows for a prosthetically driven approach, resulting in the best possible design of the prosthesis, better esthetics, optimized occlusion and loading. This approach has also changed the surgical paradigm of using extensive flaps to obtain a proper view of the surgical area because flapless implant sur...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Jan D'haese, Johan Ackhurst, Daniel Wismeijer, Hugo De Bruyn, Ali Tahmaseb Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Sinus floor elevation procedures to enable implant placement and integration: techniques, biological aspects and clinical outcomes
Abstract
Implant treatment in an atrophied edentulous posterior maxilla constitutes a challenge for the therapeutic team. The authors of the present study acknowledge that modern micro‐rough surface implants in lengths of about 8–10 mm or longer and of different brands are similarly successful. Consequently, the authors propose that the use of different sinus floor elevation techniques should be considered when < 8 mm of bone is available below the maxillary sinus. The type of sinus floor elevation technique selected is mainly based on residual vertical bone height, marginal bone width, local intrasinus anatomy an...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Stefan Lundgren, Giovanni Cricchio, Mats Hallman, M åns Jungner, Lars Rasmusson, Lars Sennerby Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Implant placement post extraction in esthetic single tooth sites: when immediate, when early, when late?
Abstract
Implant placement in post‐extraction sites of single teeth in the esthetic zone has been a topic of great interest in the field of implant dentistry since 1990. Triggered by the development of guided bone regeneration, the concept of immediate implant placement became quite popular in the 1990s. In the past 12 years, however, the dental community has begun to focus increasingly on the esthetic outcomes of post‐extraction implant placement and several studies indicated a significant risk for the development of mucosal recessions with immediate implants. Parallel with this, significant progress has been made in...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Daniel Buser, Vivianne Chappuis, Urs C. Belser, Stephen Chen Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Clinical relevance of dimensional bone and soft tissue alterations post ‐extraction in esthetic sites
Abstract
The key to achieving pleasing esthetics in implant dentistry is a thorough understanding of the biological processes driving dimensional bone and soft tissue alterations post‐extraction. The aim of the present report is first to characterize the extent of bone and soft tissue changes post‐extraction and second to identify potential factors influencing tissue preservation in order to facilitate successful treatment outcomes. The facial bone wall thickness has been identified as the most critical factor influencing bone resorption and can be used as a prognostic tool in order to identify sites at risk for future...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Vivianne Chappuis, Mauricio G. Ara újo, Daniel Buser Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Use of cone beam computed tomography in implant dentistry: current concepts, indications and limitations for clinical practice and research
Abstract
Diagnostic radiology is an essential component of treatment planning in the field of implant dentistry. This narrative review will present current concepts for the use of cone beam computed tomography imaging, before and after implant placement, in daily clinical practice and research. Guidelines for the selection of three‐dimensional imaging will be discussed, and limitations will be highlighted. Current concepts of radiation dose optimization, including novel imaging modalities using low‐dose protocols, will be presented. For preoperative cross‐sectional imaging, data are still not available which demonstr...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Michael M. Bornstein, Keith Horner, Reinhilde Jacobs Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
