Initial and long ‐term crestal bone responses to modern dental implants
Abstract
Successful osseointegration is the result of a controlled foreign body reaction to dental implants. Osseointegrated implants have demonstrated excellent long‐term survivability, although they may be subject to limited marginal bone loss. Marginal bone loss during the first few years after implant placement seldom represents disease, but is instead the result of an adaptive bone response to surgical trauma and implant loading. It is not uncommon for implants with early marginal bone loss to enter a long‐lasting state of bone stability. Extensive bone resorption after the first year is generally due to an exacer...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Tomas Albrektsson, Bruno Chrcanovic, Per ‐Olov Östman, Lars Sennerby Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Osseointegration of titanium, titanium alloy and zirconia dental implants: current knowledge and open questions
Abstract
Bone healing around dental implants follows the pattern and sequence of intramembraneous osteogenesis with formation of woven bone first of all followed later by formation of parallel‐fibered and lamellar bone. Bone apposition onto the implant surface starts earlier in trabecular bone than in compact bone. While the first new bone may be found on the implant surface around 1 week after installation, bone remodeling starts at between 6 and 12 weeks and continues throughout life. Bone remodeling also involves the bone–implant interface, thus transiently exposing portions of the implant surface. Surface modific...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Dieter D. Bosshardt, Vivianne Chappuis, Daniel Buser Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Modern implant dentistry based on osseointegration: 50 years of progress, current trends and open questions
Abstract
In the 1960s and 1970s, implant‐supported prostheses based on subperiosteal or blade implants had a poor reputation because of questionable clinical outcomes and lack of scientific documentation. The change to a scientifically sound discipline was initiated by the two scientific pioneers of modern implant dentistry, Professor P. I. Brånemark from the University of Gothenburg in Sweden and Professor André Schroeder from the University of Bern in Switzerland. Together with their teams, and independently of each other, they laid the foundation for the most significant development and paradigm shift in dental medi...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - December 20, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Daniel Buser, Lars Sennerby, Hugo De Bruyn Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Issue information ‐ Title Page
(Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 8, 2016 Category: Dentistry Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Oral inflammation and infection, and chronic medical diseases: implications for the elderly
This article addresses several pertinent aspects related to the medical implications of periodontal disease in the elderly. There is moderate evidence that improved oral hygiene may help prevent aspiration pneumonia in high‐risk patients. For other medical conditions, because of the absence of well‐designed randomized clinical trials in elderly patients, no specific guidance can be provided regarding oral hygiene or periodontal interventions that enhance the medical management of older adults. (Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Frank A. Scannapieco, Albert Cantos Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Tooth loss as a predictor of shortened longevity: exploring the hypothesis
This article explores the hypothesis that factors associated with oral disease and noncommunicable diseases may increase the risk of tooth loss and lead to diminished longevity as a result of multifactorial interactions. It specifically addresses two critical questions. The first is: ‘Can we conclude that the number of teeth in aging humans can affect longevity and life expectancy?’ The answer is yes. The second is: ‘Is tooth loss a predictor of shortened longevity?’ Again, the answer is yes. Edentulism and partial edentulism are discussed as a disability, and how the philosophy/belief systems of dental providers a...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Paula K. Friedman, Ira B. Lamster Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Oral health and the frailty syndrome
Abstract
The frailty syndrome is an ever‐growing area of study among older adults because of its association with an increased risk of falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, dependency and mortality. Frailty is neither a disease nor a disability but is better understood as a medical syndrome of multisystem dysregulation that results in a diminished ability to overcome everyday stressors. The prevalence of frailty in any given population can vary widely, in part because of the way in which it is defined and measured, but in general it is higher among women and in those with advanced age and declining health. Whilst...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Michael I. MacEntee, Leeann R. Donnelly Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Implants for the aged patient: biological, clinical and sociological considerations
Abstract
Until recently, age, particularly old age, was considered a contraindication to the placement of dental implants. However, this was based largely on anecdotal dogma rather than on empirical information. This review considers the biological, clinical and socio‐economic implications of implants placed in the aged population. Aging has been shown to have an influence on the biological aspects of soft‐ and hard‐tissue wound healing and tissue remodeling, which may influence the establishment and maintenance of implant integration. However, information to date indicates that age should not be an a priori contrain...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: P. Mark Bartold, Saso Ivanovski, Ivan Darby Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Treatment of periodontal disease in older adults
Abstract
Within the next 40 years the number of older adults worldwide will more than double. This will impact periodontal treatment needs and presents a challenge to health‐care providers and governments worldwide, as severe periodontitis has been reported to be the sixth most prevalent medical condition in the world. Older adults (≥ 80 years of age) who receive regular dental care retain more teeth than those who do not receive such care, but routine general dental care for these individuals is not sufficient to prevent the progression of periodontitis with the same degree of success as in younger individuals. Ther...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Stefan Renvert, G. Rutger Persson Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The aging mouth: differentiating normal aging from disease
Abstract
Aging is the physiologic change that occurs over time. In humans, this change occurs at different rates and are related to lifestyle, environment and genetics. It can be challenging to differentiate normal aging from disease. In the oral cavity, with increasing age the teeth demonstrate wearing of the enamel, chipping and fracture lines, and a darker color. The pulp chamber and canals are reduced in size as a result of the deposition of secondary dentin. Coronal or root caries, however, represent disease. A limited amount of periodontal attachment loss occurs in association with aging, usually manifesting as reces...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Ira B. Lamster, Lynda Asadourian, Tessa Del Carmen, Paula K. Friedman Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Periodontitis prevalence in adults ≥ 65 years of age, in the USA
In this report, we provide estimates of the overall burden of periodontitis among adults ≥ 65 years of age and after stratification according to sociodemographic factors, modifiable risk factors (such as smoking status), the presence of other systemic conditions (such as diabetes) and access to dental care. We also estimated the burden of periodontitis within this age group at the state and local levels. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009/2010 and 2011/2012 cycles were analyzed. Periodontal measures from both survey cycles were based on a full‐mouth periodontal examination. Nineteen p...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Paul I. Eke, Liang Wei, Wenche S. Borgnakke, Gina Thornton ‐Evans, Xingyou Zhang, Hua Lu, Lisa C. McGuire, Robert J. Genco Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Aging, inflammation, immunity and periodontal disease
Abstract
The increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease have long been associated with aging, such that this oral condition affects the majority of the adult population over 50 years of age. Although the immune system is a critical component for maintaining health, aging can be characterized by quantitative and qualitative modifications of the immune system. This process, termed ‘immunosenescence’, is a progressive modification of the immune system that leads to greater susceptibility to infections, neoplasia and autoimmunity, presumably reflecting the prolonged antigenic stimulation and/or stress respon...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Christina L. Graves, Octavio A. Gonzalez, Dolph Dawson, Lorri A. Morford, Pinar Emecen Huja, James K. Hartsfield, Sarandeep S. Huja, Subramanya Pandruvada, Shannon M. Wallet Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The subgingival periodontal microbiota of the aging mouth
Abstract
Different mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain the increase in prevalence and severity of periodontitis in older adults, including shifts in the periodontal microbiota. However, the actual impact of aging on the composition of subgingival biofilms remains unclear. In the present article, we provide an overview of the composition of the subgingival biofilm in older adults and the potential effects of age on the oral microbiome. In particular, this review covers the following topics: (i) the oral microbiota of an aging mouth; (ii) the effects of age and time on the human oral microbiome; (iii) the potential ...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Magda Feres, Flavia Teles, Ricardo Teles, Luciene Cristina Figueiredo, Marcelo Faveri Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
From restoration to regeneration: periodontal aging and opportunities for therapeutic intervention
Abstract
With the march of time our bodies start to wear out: eyesight fades, skin loses its elasticity, teeth and bones become more brittle and injuries heal more slowly. These universal features of aging can be traced back to our stem cells. Aging has a profound effect on stem cells: DNA mutations naturally accumulate over time and our bodies have evolved highly specialized mechanisms to remove these damaged cells. Whilst obviously beneficial, this repair mechanism also reduces the pool of available stem cells and this, in turn, has a dramatic effect on tissue homeostasis and on our rate of healing. Simply put: fewer ste...
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Lan Huang, Benjamin Salmon, Xing Yin, Jill A. Helms Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The aging population: demographics and the biology of aging
This article describes the changing global demographic profile and the effects of an aging society on the prevalence and incidence of periodontal diseases. We review the definitions of normal and successful aging, the principles of geriatric medicine and the highlights of biological aging at cellular, tissue and systems levels. (Source: Periodontology 2000)
Source: Periodontology 2000 - August 7, 2016 Category: Dentistry Authors: Eleni Kanasi, Srinivas Ayilavarapu, Judith Jones Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
