Contributions of Second Opinions, Outcome Forecasts, and Testimonials to Patient Decisions about Knee Replacement Surgery
Conclusions. Information provided in a decision aid, including person-specific outcome forecasts and testimonials, can affect patient choices. The strong effect of testimonials and respondents’ interest in reviewing them reinforces concerns about unwanted influence when testimonials are biased. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - June 12, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Hoffmann, S., Caro, F. G., Gottlieb, A. S., Kesternich, I., Winter, J. K. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Comparison of 4 Pediatric Health-Related Quality-of-Life Instruments: A Study on a Medicaid Population
Conclusion. No one instrument was fully satisfactory in all psychometric properties. Strategies are recommended for future comparison of item content and measurement properties across different HRQOL instruments for research and clinical use. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - June 12, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Kenzik, K. M., Tuli, S. Y., Revicki, D. A., Shenkman, E. A., Huang, I.-C. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Mode Effects in Assessing Cancer Worry and Risk Perceptions: Is Social Desirability Bias at Play?
Conclusions. These results bolster the veracity of self-reported cancer risk perceptions. They also suggest that interviewer-administered surveys may underestimate the frequency of cancer worry, particularly for samples lower in socioeconomic status. Studies are needed to test for this effect in clinical contexts. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - June 12, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Persoskie, A., Leyva, B., Ferrer, R. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Framing Options as Choice or Opportunity: Does the Frame Influence Decisions?
Conclusions. A "choice" frame, where all treatment options are explicit, is less likely to bias preferences. Presentation of full information in parallel, option-by-attribute format is likely to "de-bias" the decision frame. Tailoring of information to initial preferences would be ill-advised as preferences may change following detailed information. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - June 12, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Abhyankar, P., Summers, B. A., Velikova, G., Bekker, H. L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
"It's Valid and Reliable" Is Not Enough: Critical Appraisal of Reporting of Measures in Trials Evaluating Patient Decision Aids
Conclusions. Very little is reported about the development or performance of measures used to evaluate the effectiveness of PtDAs in published trials. Minimum reporting standards are proposed to enable authors to prepare study reports, editors and reviewers to evaluate submitted papers, and readers to appraise published studies. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - June 12, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Sepucha, K. R., Matlock, D. D., Wills, C. E., Ropka, M., Joseph-Williams, N., Stacey, D., Ng, C., Levin, C., Lally, J., Borkhoff, C. M., Thomson, R. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Do We Really Value Identified Lives More Highly Than Statistical Lives?
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - June 12, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Russell, L. B. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
A Marginal Benefit Approach for Vaccinating Influenza "Superspreaders"
Conclusions. Our approach offers a means of estimating willingness to pay for search costs associated with targeted vaccination of superspreaders, which can inform policies regarding whether a targeted intervention should be implemented and, if so, up to what levels. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Skene, K. J., Paltiel, A. D., Shim, E., Galvani, A. P. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Constructing "Proper" ROCs from Ordinal Response Data Using Weighted Power Functions
Conclusions. The WPF model fits a broader variety of data sets than previously published power function models while maintaining straightforward relationships among the original decision variable, specific operating points, ROC curve contours, and model parameters. Compared with other proper ROC models, the WPF model is distinctive in its simplicity, and it avoids the flaws of the conventional binormal ROC model. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Mossman, D., Peng, H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Sensitivity and Specificity Can Change in Opposite Directions When New Predictive Markers Are Added to Risk Models
When comparing prediction models, it is essential to estimate the magnitude of change in performance rather than rely solely on statistical significance. In this paper we investigate measures that estimate change in classification performance, assuming 2-group classification based on a single risk threshold. We study the value of a new biomarker when added to a baseline risk prediction model. First, simulated data are used to investigate the change in sensitivity and specificity (Se and Sp). Second, the influence of Se and Sp on the net reclassification improvement (NRI; sum of Se and Sp) and on decision-analytic measures ...
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Van Calster, B., Steyerberg, E. W., D'Agostino, R. B., Pencina, M. J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Automatically Annotating Topics in Transcripts of Patient-Provider Interactions via Machine Learning
Conclusions. This foray into automated topic inference suggests that machine learning methods can classify utterances comprising patient-provider interactions into clinically relevant topics with reasonable accuracy. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Wallace, B. C., Laws, M. B., Small, K., Wilson, I. B., Trikalinos, T. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Probabilistic Priority Assessment of Nurse Calls
This article describes a probabilistic extension of the oNCS that supports a more sophisticated nurse call algorithm by dynamically assigning priorities to calls based on the risk factors of the patient and the kind of call. The probabilistic oNCS is evaluated through implementation of a prototype and simulations, based on a detailed dataset obtained from 3 nursing departments of Ghent University Hospital. The arrival times of nurses at the location of a call, the workload distribution of calls among nurses, and the assignment of priorities to calls are compared for the oNCS and the current nurse call system. Additionally,...
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Ongenae, F., Myny, D., Dhaene, T., Defloor, T., Van Goubergen, D., Verhoeve, P., Decruyenaere, J., De Turck, F. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Advance Care Planning Norms May Contribute to Hospital Variation in End-of-Life ICU Use: A Simulation Study
Conclusions: In this simulation study of 2 AMCs, hospital-based physicians had different perceptions of an identical case. We hypothesize that different advance care planning norms may have influenced their decision-making heuristics. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Barnato, A. E., Mohan, D., Lane, R. K., Huang, Y. M., Angus, D. C., Farris, C., Arnold, R. M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Balancing Clinical Experience in Outpatient Residency Training
Conclusion. Systematically reallocating patient panels in teaching clinics potentially can improve the consistency and breadth of the educational experience. The method in principle can be extended to any target of health care system reform where there is patient or clinician turnover. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Stahl, J. E., Balasubramanian, H. J., Gao, X., Overko, S., Fosburgh, B. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Self-efficacy as Predictors of Preparedness for Oncology Clinical Trials: A Mediational Model
Conclusions . Findings partially support the Ottawa Decision Support Framework and suggest that assessing patients’ level of self-efficacy may be just as important as evaluating their knowledge and attitudes about cancer clinical trials. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Manne, S., Kashy, D., Albrecht, T., Wong, Y.-N., Flamm, A. L., Benson, A. B., Miller, S. M., Fleisher, L., Buzaglo, J., Roach, N., Katz, M., Ross, E., Collins, M., Poole, D., Raivitch, S., Miller, D. M., Kinzy, T. G., Liu, T., Meropol, N. J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Blocks, Ovals, or People? Icon Type Affects Risk Perceptions and Recall of Pictographs
Conclusions. Icon type influences both risk perceptions and risk recall, with restroom icons in particular resulting in improved outcomes. However, optimal icon types may depend on numeracy and/or graphical literacy skills. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - April 16, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Zikmund-Fisher, B. J., Witteman, H. O., Dickson, M., Fuhrel-Forbis, A., Kahn, V. C., Exe, N. L., Valerio, M., Holtzman, L. G., Scherer, L. D., Fagerlin, A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
