The Fallacy of Interpreting Deaths and Driving Distances
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - October 17, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Redelmeier, D. A. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Multicriteria Decision Making in Health Care Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Microsoft Excel
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Padilla-Garrido, N., Aguado-Correa, F., Cortijo-Gallego, V., Lopez-Camacho, F. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
A Comparison of Direct and Indirect Methods for the Estimation of Health Utilities from Clinical Outcomes
Conclusions: There are limited data from patients in the most severe HAQ health states. Modeling of EQ-5D from clinical measures is best performed directly using the bespoke mixture model. This substantially outperforms the indirect method in this example. Linear models are inappropriate, suffer from systematic bias, and generate values outside the feasible range. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Hernandez Alava, M., Wailoo, A., Wolfe, F., Michaud, K. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Use of Generalized Linear Mixed Models for Network Meta-analysis
This article shows how to implement the Lu and Ades model in the frequentist generalized linear mixed model. Two examples are provided to demonstrate how centering the covariates for random effects estimation within each trial can yield correct estimation of random effects. Moreover, under the correct specification for random effects estimation, the dummy coding and contrast basic parameter coding schemes will yield the same results. It is straightforward to incorporate covariates, such as moderators and confounders, into the generalized linear mixed model to conduct meta-regression for multiple treatment comparisons. More...
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Tu, Y.-K. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Bayesian Mixed-Treatment Comparison Meta-analysis of Treatments for Alcohol Dependence and Implications for Planning Future Trials
Conclusions. An MTC meta-analysis should be used to estimate treatment effects in networks in which direct and indirect evidence are consistent and to inform the design of future studies. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: DeSantis, S. M., Zhu, H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Decision Aid Influences on Factors Associated with Patient Empowerment prior to Cancer Treatment Decision Making
Conclusion. Evidence from this research indicates that experiencing a DA prior to treatment decision making affects patient empowerment through a network that includes desire for information, life satisfaction, and multiple mediators. The studies also demonstrate the role that theory-based, multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) can play in increasing understanding of DA effects. Such understanding is critical to improving SDM between patients and their physicians. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Alden, D. L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Mapping a Patient-Reported Functional Outcome Measure to a Utility Measure for Comparative Effectiveness and Economic Evaluations in Older Adults with Low Back Pain
Conclusions. An empirical algorithm predicting EQ-5D weights from RMDQ scores provides a currently unavailable link for conducting economic evaluations in low back pain studies. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Rundell, S. D., Bresnahan, B. W., Heagerty, P. J., Comstock, B. A., Friedly, J. L., Jarvik, J. G., Sullivan, S. D. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Underestimation of Uncertainties in Health Utilities Derived from Mapping Algorithms Involving Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measures: Statistical Explanations and Potential Remedies
Conclusions. When conducting cost-utility analyses (CUA) based on mapping algorithms, the variances of derived HUs should be properly adjusted using one of the proposed methods so that the results of the CUAs will correctly characterize uncertainty. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Chan, K. K. W., Willan, A. R., Gupta, M., Pullenayegum, E. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Balance Beam Aid for Instruction in Clinical Diagnostic Reasoning
We describe a balance beam aid for instruction in diagnosis (BBAID) and demonstrate its potential use in supplementing the training of medical students to diagnose acute chest pain. We suggest the BBAID helps students understand the process of diagnosis because the impact of tokens (weights and helium balloons) attached to a beam at different distances from the fulcrum is analogous to the impact of evidence to the relative support for 2 diseases. The BBAID presents a list of potential findings and allows students to specify whether each is present, absent, or unknown. It displays the likelihood ratios corresponding to a po...
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Hamm, R. M., Beasley, W. H., Johnson, W. J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Balance Beam Metaphor: A Perspective on Clinical Diagnosis
We describe the rules governing the functioning of tokens representing clinical findings in the comparison of 2 competing diseases. The likelihood ratios corresponding to positive (LR+) or negative (LR–) observations for each symptom determine the lateral position at which the symptom’s token is placed on the beam, using a weight if the finding is present and a helium balloon if it is absent. We discuss how a balance beam could represent concepts of dynamic specificity (due to changes in competitor diseases’ probabilities) and dynamic sensitivity (due to class-conditional independence). Utility-based thre...
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Hamm, R. M., Beasley, W. H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Methods for Systematic Reviews of Health Economic Evaluations: A Systematic Review, Comparison, and Synthesis of Method Literature
The objective of this study is to compare existing methods and suggest best practices for the preparation of SR-HE. Methods. To identify the relevant methodological literature on SR-HE, a systematic literature search was performed in Embase, Medline, the National Health System Economic Evaluation Database, the Health Technology Assessment Database, and the Cochrane methodology register, and webpages of international health technology assessment agencies were searched. The study selection was performed independently by 2 reviewers. Data were extracted by one reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. On the basis of the ov...
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Mathes, T., Walgenbach, M., Antoine, S.-L., Pieper, D., Eikermann, M. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Generalizability and Unaddressed Issues in Mapping: How Do We Decide When to Map?
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Young, T. A. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
15th Biennial European Meeting of the Society for Medical Decision Making: ESMDM Meeting Abstracts
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - September 26, 2014 Category: Health Management Tags: Web-Only Abstracts Source Type: research
A Review and Meta-analysis of Colorectal Cancer Utilities
Conclusions. Variations in reported utilities are associated with factors such as cancer stage, time to or from initial care, and utility measurement instrument. More research is needed to study why apparently similar patients report different quality of life. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - July 18, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Djalalov, S., Rabeneck, L., Tomlinson, G., Bremner, K. E., Hilsden, R., Hoch, J. S. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Health-Related Quality of Life in HIV-Infected and At-Risk Women: The Impact of Illicit Drug Use and Hepatitis C on a Community Preference Weighted Measure
Conclusions. Poorly controlled HIV, illicit drug use, and chronic HCV are associated with lower HRQoL. Illicit drug use and chronic HCV have greater HRQoL impacts for HIV-infected women with well-controlled HIV versus those with poorly controlled HIV, which may affect clinical and policy priorities. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - July 18, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Aden, B., Nosyk, B., Wittenberg, E., Schackman, B. R. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
