HIV Treatment and Prevention: A Simple Model to Determine Optimal Investment
Conclusions. Our model provides a simple yet accurate means of determining optimal investment in HIV prevention and treatment. For MSM in the US, HIV control funds should be prioritized on inexpensive, effective programs like CBE, then on ART scale-up, with only minimal investment in PrEP. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Juusola, J. L., Brandeau, M. L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Lessons Learned from a Cross-Model Validation between a Discrete Event Simulation Model and a Cohort State-Transition Model for Personalized Breast Cancer Treatment
Conclusions. Cross-model validation was crucial to identify and correct coding errors and to explain differences in model outcomes. In our comparison, small differences in either QALYs or costs led to changes in ICERs because of changes in the set of dominated and nondominated strategies. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Jahn, B., Rochau, U., Kurzthaler, C., Paulden, M., Kluibenschädl, M., Arvandi, M., Kühne, F., Goehler, A., Krahn, M. D., Siebert, U. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Decision Analysis of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Relative to Novel and Traditional Oral Anticoagulation for Stroke Prevention in Patients with New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation
Conclusions. Apixaban is the most cost-effective therapy for stroke prevention in patients with new-onset NVAF without contraindications to OAC. Uncertainty around this conclusion exists, highlighting the need for further research. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Micieli, A., Wijeysundera, H. C., Qiu, F., Atzema, C. L., Singh, S. M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Using Dual Beta Distributions to Create "Proper" ROC Curves Based on Rating Category Data
Conclusions: The DB ROC model expresses the relationship between the false positive rate and true positive rate in closed form and allows for quick ROC area calculations using spreadsheet functions. Because it posits simple relationships among the decision axis, operating points, and model parameters, the DB model offers investigators a flexible, easy-to-grasp ROC form that is simpler to implement than other proper ROC models. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Mossman, D., Peng, H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Efficient Research Design: Using Value-of-Information Analysis to Estimate the Optimal Mix of Top-down and Bottom-up Costing Approaches in an Economic Evaluation alongside a Clinical Trial
In designing economic evaluations alongside clinical trials, analysts are frequently faced with alternative methods of collecting the same data, the extremes being top-down ("gross costing") and bottom-up ("micro-costing") approaches. A priori, bottom-up approaches may be considered superior to top-down approaches but are also more expensive to collect and analyze. In this article, we use value-of-information analysis to estimate the efficient mix of observations on each method in a proposed clinical trial. By assigning a prior bivariate distribution to the 2 data collection processes, the predicted posterior (i.e., prepos...
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Wilson, E. C. F., Mugford, M., Barton, G., Shepstone, L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Practical Application of Value of Information and Prospective Payback of Research to Prioritize Evaluative Research
Conclusions. VOI and PPoR results agreed in direction, suggesting that the proposed trials would be cost-effective investments. However, results differed in magnitude, largely due to the way each method conceptualizes the possible outcomes of further research and the implementation of research results in practice. Compared with VOI, PPoR is less complex but requires more assumptions. Although the approaches are not free from limitations, they can provide useful input for research funding decisions. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Andronis, L., Billingham, L. J., Bryan, S., James, N. D., Barton, P. M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
An Efficient Estimator for the Expected Value of Sample Information
Conclusions. The proposed algorithms remove two major challenges for estimating EVSI—the difficulty of estimating the posterior parameter distribution given hypothetical study data and the need for many model evaluations to obtain stable and unbiased results. These approaches make EVSI estimation feasible for a wide range of analytic scenarios. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Menzies, N. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Adjusting Estimates of the Expected Value of Information for Implementation: Theoretical Framework and Practical Application
Conclusions: Traditionally calculated measures of population VoI rely on unrealistic assumptions about implementation. This article provides a simple framework that accounts for improved, rather than perfect, implementation and offers more realistic estimates of the expected value of research. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Andronis, L., Barton, P. M. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Interpretation of the Expected Value of Perfect Information and Research Recommendations: A Systematic Review and Empirical Investigation
Conclusions. Eighty-six articles were included, of which 13 suggested no further research, 66 recommended further research, and 7 gave no recommendation. EVPI appears to be a key driver of researchers’ recommendations for further research. Disease area, funder, study location, publication year, and outcome may have a bearing on recommendations, although none of these factors reached statistical significance. A threshold EVPI value below which research is typically not recommended was found at around £1.48 million. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Thorn, J., Coast, J., Andronis, L. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Adjusting Expected Value of Sample Information Using Realistic Expectations around Implementation
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Andronis, L., Barton, P. M. Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Expected Value of Sample Information with Imperfect Implementation: Improving Practice and Reducing Uncertainty with Appropriate Counterfactual Consideration
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Eckermann, S., Willan, A. R. Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Medical Decision Making Reviewers, 2015
(Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - February 29, 2016 Category: Health Management Tags: Articles Source Type: research
Health Condition Impacts in a Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Survey Vary Substantially by Preference-Based Health Index
Conclusions: Health condition impact estimates vary substantially across the indexes. These results imply that it is difficult to standardize results across cost-utility analyses that use different utility measures. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - December 30, 2015 Category: Health Management Authors: Hanmer, J., Cherepanov, D., Palta, M., Kaplan, R. M., Feeny, D., Fryback, D. G. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Brazilian Valuation of EQ-5D-3L Health States: Results from a Saturation Study
Conclusions. This study generated significant insight into the Brazilian population’s health preferences that can be applied to health technology assessment and economic analyses in Brazil. This information represents an important new tool that can be used in Brazilian health policy creation and evaluation. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - December 30, 2015 Category: Health Management Authors: Santos, M., Cintra, M. A. C. T., Monteiro, A. L., Santos, B., Gusmao-filho, F., Andrade, M. V., Noronha, K., Cruz, L. N., Camey, S., Tura, B., Kind, P. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Logical Inconsistencies in 3 Preference Elicitation Methods for EQ-5D Health States: A Study in the Brazilian Population
Conclusion. Findings suggest that removal of inconsistencies in TTO should consider city-block distance. For VAS, inconsistencies are not associated with formal education and do not affect social value set estimation. (Source: Medical Decision Making)
Source: Medical Decision Making - December 30, 2015 Category: Health Management Authors: Viegas Andrade, M., Noronha, K., Kind, P., de Barros Reis, C., Resende de Carvalho, L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
