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Reexamining the interaction between expectancy and task value in academic settings
This study aimed to systematically test the effect of the interaction on various academic outcomes including effort, achievement, test anxiety, and cognitive strategy uses (rehearsal, elaboration, and organization). We used the Korean Educational Longitudinal Study 2005 database, which includes data for 6629 ninth-grade students. First, a compensatory effect appeared with rehearsal for intrinsic value, but no significant interaction was found for elaboration and organization for intrinsic and utility values. Second, regardless of value type, a buffering effect emerged with test anxiety. Last, in contrast with previous stud...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - February 9, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Identified and engaged: A multi-level dynamic model of identification with the group and performance in collaborative learning
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Petru L. Curşeu, Andrei Rusu, Laurenţiu P. Maricuţoiu, Delia Vîrgă, Silvia MăgureanAbstractOur study takes a dynamic and multi-level perspective on identification with the group and explores the extent to which, at the individual level, core self-evaluations, study engagement, group development, and relationship conflict influence identification with the group. At the group level, we test the extent to which group identification influences academic performance via group study engagement. Data were collected at four-time la...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - February 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Perceived parental warmth and adolescents' math engagement in China: The mediating roles of need satisfaction and math self-efficacy
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Yan Sun, Ru-De Liu, Tian-Po Oei, Rui Zhen, Yi Ding, Ronghuan JiangAbstractBased on previous research on contextual influence on student engagement and guided by self-determination theory, the present study investigated the association of perceived parental warmth with math engagement among Chinese students. Data were gathered from 1132 students (577 girls) in Grades 9 and 11 from two secondary schools in Hunan province, China. Structural equation models revealed that it was through the mediation of psychological need satisfactio...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - February 5, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Profiles of undergraduate student writers: Differences in writing strategy and impacts on text quality
This study aimed to identify undergraduate students' writing profiles based on quality of planning output, revision changes between the first and final drafts, and quantity of Internet searches while writing digitally. To investigate the performance of each profile, the differences in text quality according to students' profile membership were also examined. 260 Korean undergraduate students participated in the study and wrote an opinion essay. Latent profile analysis and one-way MANOVA were adopted as analytic tools. Four profiles emerged: Revision-based, Plan-based, Search-based, and Correction-based Writers. Correction-...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

School burnout is related to sleep quality and perseverative cognition regulation at bedtime in young adults
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Ross W. May, Kristina N. Bauer, Gregory S. Seibert, Matthew E. Jaurequi, Frank D. FinchamAbstractThe relationship between school burnout and sleep is largely unexplored, especially in emerging adults. Two studies investigate this relationship, including associations with academic achievement. Study 1 (N = 350) documents robust relationships between school burnout and self-reported indices of poorer sleep quality, over and above negative affect (i.e. depression, anxiety, stress) using survey data collected from undergraduates. ...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Student characteristics affecting the recognition of high cognitive ability by teachers and peers
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Jeroen Lavrijsen, Karine VerschuerenAbstractAccurate teacher judgments of student cognitive ability are crucial to effective instruction. Building on a large survey among 7th graders and their teachers, this study considers which student characteristics affect teacher and peer recognition of high ability students. High ability judgments by teachers were found to depend more on everyday school achievement (GPA) than on cognitive ability (IQ) itself, even when teachers were urged to distinguish between achievement and ability. Gir...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 22, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Longitudinal relations between hope and academic achievement in elementary school students: Behavioral engagement as a mediator
This study explored the reciprocal relations between hope and academic achievement, and the mediating effect of behavioral engagement in a sample of Chinese elementary school students. A total of 949 students from third, fourth, and fifth grades completed measures of hope and behavioral engagement in the middle of three consecutive semesters. Students' final exam scores for Chinese, Mathematics, and English were obtained from school records at the end of the corresponding three semesters. Results indicated that hope and academic achievement reciprocally related to one another. Bootstrap analyses of the indirect effects rev...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 22, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Does choice matter or is it all about interest? An investigation using an experience sampling approach in high school science classrooms
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Patrick N. Beymer, Joshua M. Rosenberg, Jennifer A. SchmidtAbstractHaving choices during learning is often touted as beneficial for student motivation. However, it is not clear whether the motivating factor is choice or the act of pursuing tasks that are of greater interest, which is often afforded by choice. Using data collected via the Experience Sampling Method from 244 youth (ages 14–18) in the United States, we explore the effects of choice and interest on student engagement, affect, and learning in multiple high school s...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 16, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The stability and trajectories of teacher expectations: Student achievement level as a moderator
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Shengnan Wang, Christine M. Rubie-Davies, Kane MeisselAbstractUsing three time points of teacher expectation data, this study aimed to examine the stability and trajectories of teacher expectations within a school year in the Chinese junior high school context. The participants were 48 Chinese, mathematics, and English teachers and their 1199 students from 10 junior high schools. The issue of the stability of teacher expectations was explored at individual-student level and student-group level, respectively. Spearman's rank orde...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 16, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: January 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 77Author(s): (Source: Learning and Individual Differences)
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 15, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Independent and interactive associations of temperament dimensions with educational outcomes in young adolescents
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Mauricio Scopel Hoffmann, Pedro Mario Pan, Gisele Gus Manfro, Jair de Jesus Mari, Eurípedes Constantino Miguel, Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan, Luis Augusto Rohde, Giovanni Abrahão SalumAbstractFew studies investigate temperament interactions and its association with education in young adolescents. Here we examine a sample of 1540 adolescents (9–14 years of age, 733 females) from a community-based study in Brazil. Temperament was derived from adolescents' reports to the Early Adolescence Temperament Questionnaire. Educational ou...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 9, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Applying the transtheoretical model to adolescent academic performance using a person-centered approach: A latent cluster analysis
Publication date: February 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 78Author(s): Paulo A.S. Moreira, Vânia Faria, Diana Cunha, Richard A. Inman, Magda RochaAbstractAccording to the transtheoretical model (TTM), intentional behavioral change to improve academic performance at school is a process that involves a progression through five discrete stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. The current person-centered study assessed the emotional and sociocognitive characteristics of adolescent students (n = 343) with distinct academic performance stage of change profiles. L...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 9, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Competence development of high achievers within the highest track in German secondary school: Evidence for Matthew effects or compensation?
Publication date: January 2020Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 77Author(s): Claudia Neuendorf, Malte Jansen, Poldi KuhlAbstractThe Matthew effect hypothesis of academic development predicts that students with higher initial achievement will develop further skills at a faster rate resulting in cumulative advantages. Prior research has focused on the development of reading competence in primary school. To extend this research, we used a sample of N = 1,010 German students in Grades 5 to 9 to compare the development of reading and mathematics skills between high-achieving high-track secondary school stu...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 31, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Profiles of perfectionism and their relations to educational outcomes in college students: The moderating role of achievement goals
This study highlights the importance of considering both students' perfectionism and achievement goals when designing programs to increase their well-being and academic success during their time at college. (Source: Learning and Individual Differences)
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The roles of executive functioning and oral language skills in young Chinese children's arithmetic competence
This study investigated the relative contributions of executive functioning (EF) and oral language skills to performance on number-fact and story problems in Chinese children. A total of 280 kindergarten children in Hong Kong participated in this study. Children were assessed on their EF, phonological awareness, morphological awareness, receptive vocabulary, performance on number-fact and story problems. Results of path analysis showed that when children's age and parental education were controlled, children's EF, phonological awareness, and morphological awareness were correlates of performance on both number-fact and sto...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research