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Examining the association of over-claiming with mathematics achievement
This study investigated the association of over-claiming with student achievement in mathematics from mixture modeling. We examined three competing models to find relationships between over-claiming, reported familiarity, and mathematics achievement. We then identified latent classes by use of the three variables. This latent class analysis examined the existence of subpopulations, which revealed the disguised details of the relationship between over-claiming, reported familiarity, and mathematics achievement. The results of this study represent findings from a sample of 15-year-olds across the United States (n = 4978)...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): (Source: Learning and Individual Differences)
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 18, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The role of emotional labor in explaining teachers' enthusiasm and students' outcomes: A multilevel mediational analysis
Publication date: February 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 70Author(s): Irena BurićAbstractThe aim of the present study was to explore the role of teachers' emotional labor in explaining their enthusiasm, as perceived by their students, and the students' outcomes. Data on emotional labor from 90 high-school teachers and data on perceived teacher enthusiasm, intrinsic motivation, positive affect, and deep learning strategy from their students (N = 2019) were obtained. In order to account for the nested structure of the data and to examine the relationships between study constructs, a multilevel ...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Boys and girls gain in spatial, but not in mathematical ability after mental rotation training in primary education
Publication date: February 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 70Author(s): Antonio Rodán, Patricia Gimeno, M. Rosa Elosúa, Pedro R. Montoro, María José ContrerasAbstractSeveral studies have shown that spatial skills can be improved and are linked to mathematical reasoning. However, there are few studies that have evaluated the effect of Mental Rotation (MR) training on mathematical performance in children aged 6–8 years. One of the studies has shown a transfer towards a mathematical task, while the other has failed to demonstrate it. The present study investigated with children in 2nd grade of ...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Positive social relationships with peers and teachers as moderators of the Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect
This study aims at analyzing social relationships as potential moderators of the BFLPE, focusing on two core partners in classrooms: peers and teachers. Multilevel structural equation modeling was applied to test the moderator hypotheses, drawing on data from a sample of N = 7004 secondary school students. Whereas no support was found for a moderating effect of peer relationships, data supported the assumed moderation of the BFLPE through student-teacher relationships. Students with positive teacher relations experienced smaller BFLPEs than students with negative or average teacher relations. The study illustrates how ...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Development of math anxiety and its longitudinal relationships with arithmetic achievement among primary school children
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): Riikka Sorvo, Tuire Koponen, Helena Viholainen, Tuija Aro, Eija Räikkönen, Pilvi Peura, Asko Tolvanen, Mikko AroAbstractThe aim of this study is to examine the development of two separable aspects of math anxiety, anxiety about math-related situations and anxiety about failure in math, and their cross-lagged relationship with arithmetic achievement. The mean level of anxiety about math-related situations decreased among second, third, and fourth graders, and the level of anxiety about failure in math declined among third, fourt...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - January 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

How transformational lecturers promote students' engagement, creativity, and task performance: The mediating role of trust in lecturer and self-efficacy
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): Daniela Pachler, Angela Kuonath, Dieter FreyAbstractIn today's fast changing and increasingly complex environments the promotion of ongoing employees' task and contextual performance is an important issue. Thus, this longitudinal study investigates the impact of transformational teaching which is derived from transformational leadership concept on students' motivational states (course-related self-efficacy and trust in teacher) and subsequently on students' increased engagement, creativity and task performance in higher education...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Do girls take school too seriously? Investigating gender differences in school burnout from a self-worth perspective
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): Julia Herrmann, Karoline Koeppen, Ursula KesselsAbstractRecent investigations have suggested that a considerable percentage of teenagers, especially those in academic track schools, report school-related burnout symptoms (exhaustion, cynicism and inadequacy). Low school achievement and female gender are discussed as risk factors for the syndrome. We investigated school burnout from an individual differences perspective, focusing on aspects of self-esteem (global self-esteem; academic contingent self-esteem) and their associations...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Direct and interactive effects of perceived teacher-student relationship and grit on student wellbeing among stay-behind early adolescents in urban China
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): Xiaoyu Lan, Ughetta MoscardinoAbstractThis cross-sectional study aimed to compare student wellbeing operationalized as learning engagement, satisfaction with peer relations, and school satisfaction between urban stay-behind early adolescents and their non-stay-behind counterparts in Mainland China. Furthermore, we tested whether the expected relationship between perceived teacher-student relationship quality and student wellbeing was moderated by grit. Participants were 143 stay-behind (43.4% girls) and 297 non-stay-behind (52.9%...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The role of adolescents' temperament in their positive and negative emotions as well as in psychophysiological reactions during achievement situations
This study examined the role of adolescents' (n = 190) temperament in their emotional reactions in achievement situations. Adolescents rated their temperament (i.e., surgency/extraversion, negative affectivity, effortful control) and completed achievement tasks in Grade 6. They also reported their emotions before and during challenging and non-challenging tasks. In addition, adolescents' autonomic nervous system reactions (i.e., skin conductance levels) were recorded. The results showed that high effortful control was related to higher levels of positive emotions independent of the degree of task difficulty. Low negati...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Changes in students' psychological well-being during transition from primary school to lower secondary school: A person-centered approach
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): T.E. Virtanen, K. Vasalampi, M. Torppa, M.-K. Lerkkanen, J.-E. NurmiAbstractThis person-centered study examined the patterns and the dynamics of pattern change based on 1666 Finnish students' self-reported psychological well-being during the transition from primary school to lower secondary school. Moreover, we examined the stability in the profile memberships and the influence of changes in perceived support from teachers, families, and peers on changes in students' psychological well-being. Six student profiles were identified ...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 19, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The effects of refutation texts on generating explanations
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): Kelsey K. Will, Andalusia Masad, Haley A. Vlach, Panayiota KendeouAbstractThe aim of the present study was to examine the effect of refutation texts on generating explanations and explore individual differences in quality of explanations. Seventy-five undergraduates read refutation and non-refutation texts addressing common scientific misconceptions and completed a two-tier post-test including True/False and open-ended questions. Readers' written post-test explanations were coded on accuracy and quality dimensions. The analysis o...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

A person-centered investigation of patterns in college students' perceptions of motivation in a course
This study extends person-centered research on student motivation by providing a multidimensional and dynamic illustration of patterns in individuals' motivation-related perceptions. (Source: Learning and Individual Differences)
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The specificity of associations between cognition and attainment in English, maths and science during adolescence
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): Georgina Donati, Emma L. Meaburn, Iroise DumontheilAbstractExecutive functions (EFs) are predictive of early academic attainment. However, there is little research investigating whether academic outcomes are differentially associated with cognitive abilities during adolescence, when EFs are still developing. Using a large population-based sample, three latent components, working memory, inhibitory control, and processing speed, were characterised from ten cognitive tasks. These components were used in structural equation models a...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 13, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The role of weekly need-based experiences and self-criticism in predicting weekly academic (mal)adjustment
Publication date: January 2019Source: Learning and Individual Differences, Volume 69Author(s): Beatrijs Vandenkerckhove, Bart Soenens, Jolene Van der Kaap-Deeder, Katrijn Brenning, Patrick Luyten, Maarten VansteenkisteAbstractThe present study aims to examine the role of both adolescents' weekly experiences of psychological need satisfaction and frustration and adolescents' self-criticism in their weekly variation in academic adjustment. A sample of 82 adolescents (mean age = 12.45 years; 42% female) provided weekly assessments of the psychological needs and academic adjustment during three consecutive weeks. Multile...
Source: Learning and Individual Differences - December 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research