Rats Self-Select a Constant Protein-to-Carbohydrate Ratio Rather Than a Constant Protein-to-Energy Ratio and Have Low Plasma FGF21 Concentrations
ConclusionsThis study showed that self-selecting rats established PE ratios larger than those considered sufficient to achieve optimal growth in adult rats (10 –15%), and the ratios were highly dependent on carbohydrates, apparently with the aim of maintaining a constant and high PC ratio. This was associated with a minimization of plasma FGF21. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Decreased Iron Intake Parallels Rising Iron Deficiency Anemia and Related Mortality Rates in the US Population
ConclusionsIncreased iron deficiency anemia and related mortality rates in the US population between 1999 and 2018 were likely related to the decline in dietary iron intake resulting from an Fe concentration decline in US food products and a shift in dietary patterns. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Use of Model-Based Compartmental Analysis and Theoretical Data to Further Explore Choice of Sampling Time for Assessing Vitamin A Status in Groups and Individual Human Subjects by the Retinol Isotope Dilution Method
ConclusionsAlthough no single, unique time provided the most accurate prediction of TBS for all individuals within these groups, applying the RID method at 21 or 28 d yielded predictions that were within 25% of assigned values for 90% or 95% of adults, respectively; corresponding values for children were 80% from 10 to 20 d, and 85% at 21 and 28 d. For most subjects, early times (<14 d for adults and <10 d for children) provided less accurate predictions. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
A Systematic Review of the Association Between Vegan Diets and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
ConclusionsAmong the Western populations studied, evidence weakly demonstrates associations between vegan diets and risk of CVDs, with the direction of associations varying with the specific CVD outcome tested. However, more high-quality research on this topic is needed. This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42019146835. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Antioxidant Supplementation Does Not Affect Bone Turnover Markers During 60 Days of 6 ° Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest: Results from an Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial
ConclusionsSupplementation of an antioxidant cocktail to a diet matching the DRIs did not affect bone resorption or formation during 60 days of HDBR in healthy young men. This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT03594799. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Experimental Evidence that ( −)-Epicatechin and Anthocyanins Modulate Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Metabolism: Relevant For Humans?
See corresponding article onpage 1497. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
False equivalence or fake news: is a peanut really an egg?
See corresponding article onpage 1190. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Identification of a Positive Association between Mammary Adipose Cholesterol Content and Indicators of Breast Cancer Aggressiveness in a French Population
ConclusionsThis study is the first of this magnitude that analyzes cholesterol concentrations in adipose tissue from female breast cancer patients. An increase in breast adipose tissue cholesterol content may contribute to breast cancer aggressiveness (HER2 phenotype, multifocality of triple-negative tumors, and IBC). (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Can (poly)phenols lower the risk of gestational diabetes?
See corresponding article onpage 1128. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Calendar of Events
Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, events around the world are being postponed or moved online. For the most current information on events listed below, please visit the meeting's website. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - April 8, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Evaluation of an 8-Week Vegan Diet on Plasma Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Postchallenge Glucose in Adults with Dysglycemia or Obesity
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that a vegan diet is an effective strategy for improving glucose tolerance and reducing plasma TMAO in individuals with dysglycemia or obesity. This study was registered atclinicaltrials.gov as NCT03315988. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - March 30, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Regular Industrial Processing of Bovine Milk Impacts the Integrity and Molecular Composition of Extracellular Vesicles
ConclusionsCommercial milk, that has been heated by either pasteurization or UHT, contains fewer or no intact EVs, respectively. Although most EVs seemed resistant to pasteurization based on particle numbers, their integrity was affected and their molecular composition was altered. Thus, the possible transfer of bioactive components via bovine milk EVs to human consumers is likely diminished or altered in heat-treated commercial milk. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - March 25, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Maternal and Infant Factors Influencing Human Milk Oligosaccharide Composition: Beyond Maternal Genetics
AbstractMaternal genetics is a key determinant of human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition in human milk. Beyond genetic status, other factors influencing the HMO profile are poorly defined. Thus, we aimed to review the existing evidence on the associations between nongenetic maternal and infant factors and HMO composition. A systematic search was performed on PubMed and Web of Science (without a time restriction) to identify any relevant studies published. In total, 1056 results were obtained, of which 29 articles were selected to be included in this review. The range of factors investigated include lactation stage, m...
Source: Journal of Nutrition - March 24, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Higher Diet Quality in African-American Adolescents Is Associated with Lower Odds of Metabolic Syndrome: Evidence from the NHANES
ConclusionsDiet quality in US AA youth is low. Higher DASH pattern scores were associated with lower odds of hypertensive BP and higher AHEI-2010 scores were associated with lower odds of MetS. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - March 24, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
Mendelian Randomization Analysis Reveals Causal Effects of the Human Gut Microbiota on Abdominal Obesity
ConclusionsOur findings provided evidence of a causal association between gut microbiota and TFM in UK adults and identified specific bacteria taxa that may regulate the fat metabolism, thus offering new direction for the treatment of obesity. (Source: Journal of Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Nutrition - March 24, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research
