Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

A phase II Japanese trial of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab for previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia
ConclusionAlthough the number of patients was limited, FCR appears to be effective with manageable toxicity for treatment-na ïve fit Japanese patients with CD20-positive CLL.Clinical trial numberJapicCTI-132285. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 27, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Current status of cancer immunotherapy for gynecologic malignancies
AbstractRecent cancer immunotherapy development with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown durable clinical responses in a wide variety of tumor types. These drugs targeting programmed cell death 1, its ligand programmed death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 have revolutionized the field of cancer treatment. It is of significant interest in optimizing the immunotherapy for cancer patients beyond the conventional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Many clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of various combined regimens with immune checkpoint inhibitors have bee...
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 27, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Current status of immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer
AbstractRecently, immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies have improved the overall survival of various types of cancers including advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Until now, two ant-PD-1 inhibitors were approved for AGC in Japan: nivolumab as third- or later-line treatment for AGC and pembrolizumab for previously treated patients with microsatellite instability-high tumours. However, a limited number of patients achieved clinical benefit, highlighting the importance of the better selection of patients or additional treatment to ...
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 26, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Preoperative fall risk assessment score as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy
ConclusionsWhile the fall risk assessment score is an objective and easy-to-use method to assess fall risk and frailty, it may present a prognostic factor in gastric cancer. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 25, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

BRAF V600E as an accurate marker to complement fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the guidance of thyroid surgery in the Chinese population: evidence from over 1000 consecutive FNAs with follow-up
ConclusionTheBRAF V600E mutation is highly prevalent in the Chinese population and can accurately complement cytopathology in the guidance of thyroid surgery.Mini-abstract: TheBRAF V600E mutation has both high specificity and sensitivity to predict thyroid malignancy in the Chinese population. It can accurately complement cytopathology in the guidance of thyroid surgery. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 25, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Impact of postoperative infectious complications on adjuvant chemotherapy administration after gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer
ConclusionPostoperative infectious complications are significantly associated with the delay of adjuvant chemotherapy and predict adverse clinical outcome in patients with gastric cancer. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 25, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Surgical resection of the primary lesion for osteosarcoma patients with metastasis at initial diagnosis
ConclusionsSurgical resection of the primary osteosarcoma lesion did not worsen prognosis, even in patients with unresectable metastasis. Further study is needed to identify which patient group will benefit from primary lesion resection. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 24, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Modest efficacy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma
ConclusionNivolumab plus ipilimumab had modest efficacy for papillary renal cell carcinoma compared with that for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab remains an option for a limited number of patients with intermediate- or poor-risk papillary renal cell carcinoma. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 20, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

An Italian, multicenter, real-world, retrospective study of first-line pazopanib in unselected metastatic renal-cell carcinoma patients: the ‘Pamerit’ study
ConclusionsIn this real-world study, metastatic renal cell cancer patients treated with first-line pazopanib reached greater progression-free survival and overall survival than in pivotal studies and had high response rates when belonging to International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium ’s favorable group, without new toxicities. Pazopanib has been confirmed a valid first-line option for International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium’s good prognosis metastatic renal cell cancer patients who cannot be submitted to immunotherapy. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 20, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Study protocol for an International Prospective Observational Cohort Study for Optimal Bowel Resection Extent and Central Radicality for Colon Cancer (T-REX study)
AbstractThis is a prospective observational cohort study aiming to include 4000 patients with stages I to III colon cancer treated at 35 specialist institutions in Japan, South Korea, Germany, Russia, Lithuania and Taiwan. The anatomical distribution of lymph nodes and feeding arteries are investigated using surgical specimens according to pre-specified categorizing methods using intraoperative anatomical markings. Primary analyses are performed to identify the general principles of metastatic lymph node distribution in terms of its relation to the location of the primary tumor and feeding arteries. Secondary analyses will...
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 20, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Appropriate Extent of Lymphadenectomy in Segmentectomy: A Multicenter Study
ConclusionsMediastinal LND was found to provide more appropriate pathological staging compared with hilar LND in patients with segmentectomy by harvesting more lymph nodes. In addition, mediastinal LND might lead to better oncological outcome than hilar LND in segmentectomy. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 18, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Current status and perspectives of immune checkpoint inhibitors for colorectal cancer
AbstractImmunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized the standard-of-care of multiple types of tumors. For colorectal cancer, the clinical development of immune checkpoint inhibitors is mainly separated according to the status of microsatellite instability or mismatch repair in a tumor. High-level microsatellite instability/deficient mismatch repair metastatic colorectal cancer generally has a tumor microenvironment with infiltration of T cells, associated with a favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 inhibitor) and ...
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 18, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Age-specific breast cancer incidence rate in the world
To make a comparison of the age-specific breast cancer incidence rate between Japan and other countries, we abstracted cancer incidence rate from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vol. XI (CI5) (1). The International Agency for Research on Cancer provides the CI5 databases on the incidence of cancer recorded by cancer registries (regional and national) worldwide. We used cancer incidence rate in five countries in Asia (China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea and Thailand), three countries including America (the USA, Canada and Brazil), two countries in Oceania (Australia and New Zealand) and four countries in Europe (...
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 18, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Efficacy and safety of tolvaptan in patients with malignant ascites: a phase 2, multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study
ConclusionsTolvaptan seemed to have no definitive effect on reducing ascites; however, it might be effective in at least some cancer patients. No new safety concerns were identified at doses of 3.75 –30 mg/day. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 11, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Pembrolizumab-related sclerosing cholangitis manifested by a pruned-tree appearance of the bile ducts
An 81-year-old man treated with pembrolizumab (200  mg, triweekly) for non-small-cell lung cancer showed a gradual worsening of his liver enzyme levels despite having no history of liver disease. The pembrolizumab treatments were continued as scheduled until the patient’s liver enzyme levels met the criteria for discontinuation. After the fifth c ycle of pembrolizumab, liver damage became apparent: the alanine aminotransferase level was 419 IU/L, the alkaline phosphatase level was 1987 IU/L and the total bilirubin level was 1.7 mg/dL. Computed tomography showed diffusely thickened extrahepatic bile duct walls (Fig. 1...
Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology - November 9, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research