Shedding quantitative fluorescence light on novel regulatory mechanisms in skeletal biomedicine and biodentistry
Publication date: Available online 6 September 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Ji-Won Lee, Tadahiro Iimura Digitalized fluorescence images contain numerical information such as color (wavelength), fluorescence intensity and spatial position. However, quantitative analyses of acquired data and their validation remained to be established. Our research group has applied quantitative fluorescence imaging on tissue sections and uncovered novel findings in skeletal biomedicine and biodentistry. This review paper includes a brief background of quantitative fluorescence imaging and discusses practical app...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - September 5, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
The usefulness of diagnostic imaging for the assessment of pain symptoms in temporomandibular disorders
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Shigeaki Suenaga, Kunihiro Nagayama, Taisuke Nagasawa, Hiroko Indo, Hideyuki J. Majima The causes of pain symptoms in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscle (MM) regions may not be determined by clinical examination alone. In this review, we document that pain symptoms of the TMJ and MM regions in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are associated with computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) findings of internal derangement, joint effusion, osteoarthritis, and bone marrow edema....
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - September 4, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Phospholipase C-related catalytically inactive protein can regulate obesity, a state of peripheral inflammation
Publication date: Available online 27 June 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Yosuke Yamawaki, Kana Oue, Satomi Shirawachi, Satoshi Asano, Kae Harada, Takashi Kanematsu Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation. Chronic inflammation in fat influences the development of obesity-related diseases. Many reports state that obesity increases the risk of morbidity in many diseases, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, sleep apnea, and breast, prostate and colon cancers, leading to increased mortality. Obesity is also associated...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - July 27, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Progress of computer-aided detection/diagnosis (CAD) in dentistry & lt;Runningtitle & gt;CAD in dentistry & lt;/Runningtitle & gt;
Publication date: August 2014 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review, Volume 50, Issue 3 Author(s): Akitoshi Katsumata, Hiroshi Fujita The development of computer-aided detection/diagnosis (CAD) systems for dental imaging is progressing. One expected use of CAD is to detect radiological signs of medical systemic disease in the panoramic screening radiograph. The target diseases for CAD include osteoporosis, arteriosclerosis, and maxillary sinusitis. CAD is also useful in the detection and evaluation of dental and maxillofacial lesions. Identifying alveolar bone resorption due to periodontitis and radiolucent jaw les...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - June 17, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Development of technique for in vitro embryotoxicity of dental biomaterials
Publication date: Available online 11 June 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Koichi Imai The Embryonic Stem Cell Test (EST) developed in Germany in 1997 is known as a screening test method capable of predicting the presence of unknown chemicals influencing normal human development. Firstly, we investigated the embryotoxicity of 24 types of monomer including dental monomers and dental alloy-component metal elements using this test. Monomers including Bis-GMA contained in base resin of composite resin exhibited weak embryotoxicity, and the toxicity level varied among dental alloy-component metal ele...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - June 10, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
A controversy with respect to occlusion
Publication date: Available online 26 May 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Shunji Fukushima There are very little controversies on occlusion in healthy individuals, where centric relation is regarded as the criterion for assessing the present occlusion and also for establishing a new occlusal relationship between the upper and the lower jaws. On the other hand, the occlusal position in patients with deformed condyles still remains to be clarified. In this review, the effectiveness and limits of centric relation in these patients are discussed. In addition, the muscle induced occlusal positions, s...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - May 25, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Molecular characterization and function of tenomodulin, a marker of tendons and ligaments that integrate musculoskeletal components
Publication date: Available online 27 April 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Chisa Shukunami, Yuki Yoshimoto, Aki Takimoto, Hiroshi Yamashita, Yuji Hiraki Tendons and ligaments are dense fibrous bands of connective tissue that integrate musculoskeletal components in vertebrates. Tendons connect skeletal muscles to the bone and function as mechanical force transmitters, whereas ligaments bind adjacent bones together to stabilize joints and restrict unwanted joint movement. Fibroblasts residing in tendons and ligaments are called tenocytes and ligamentocytes, respectively. Tenomodulin (Tnmd...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - May 9, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Histology of human cementum: Its structure, function, and development
Publication date: Available online 27 April 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Tsuneyuki Yamamoto, Tomoka Hasegawa, Tomomaya Yamamoto, Hiromi Hongo, Norio Amizuka Cementum was first demonstrated by microscopy, about 180 years ago. Since then the biology of cementum has been investigated by the most advanced techniques and equipment at that time in various fields of dental sciences. A great deal of data on cementum histology have been accumulated. These data have been obtained from not only human, but also non-human animals, in particular, rodents such as the mouse and rat. Although many den...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - May 9, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Role of the Wnt signaling molecules in the tooth
Publication date: Available online 5 May 2016 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Masato Tamura, Eiji Nemoto Wnt signaling plays a central role in many processes during embryonic development and adult homeostasis. At least 19 types of Wnt ligands, receptors, transducers, transcription factors, and antagonists have been identified in mammals. Two distinct Wnt signaling pathways, the canonical signaling pathway and the noncanonical signaling pathway, have been described. Some Wnt signaling pathway components are expressed in the dental epithelium and mesenchyme during tooth development in humans and mice...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - May 9, 2016 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Rho GTPases in ameloblast differentiation
Publication date: Available online 11 December 2015 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Keishi Otsu, Hidemitsu Harada During tooth development, ameloblasts differentiate from inner enamel epithelial cells to enamel-forming cells by modulating the signal pathways mediating epithelial–mesenchymal interaction and a cell-autonomous gene network. The differentiation process of epithelial cells is characterized by marked changes in their morphology and polarity, accompanied by dynamic cytoskeletal reorganization and changes in cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion over time. Functional ameloblasts are tal...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - December 12, 2015 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia: A new clinical entity of limited mouth opening
Publication date: Available online 9 December 2015 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Tsuyoshi Sato, Tetsuya Yoda Limited mouth opening is a common health problem that interferes with eating, makes examination of the oral cavity difficult, and may increase the mortality rate during emergency intubation. Here we introduce a disease designated as masticatory muscle tendon-aponeurosis hyperplasia, which is a new clinical condition of limited mouth opening. Most oral surgeons and dentists are still unaware of this disease condition, thus increasing the risk of incorrect diagnosis as some other disease, su...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - December 11, 2015 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Exopeptidases and gingipains in Porphyromonas gingivalis as prerequisites for its amino acid metabolism
Publication date: Available online 26 September 2015 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Takayuki K. Nemoto, Yuko Ohara-Nemoto Porphyromonas gingivalis, an asaccharolytic bacterium, utilizes amino acids as energy and carbon sources. Since amino acids are incorporated into the bacterial cells mainly as di- and tri-peptides, exopeptidases including dipeptidyl-peptidase (DPP) and tripeptidyl-peptidase are considered to be prerequisite components for their metabolism. We recently discovered DPP11, DPP5, and acylpeptidyl oligopeptidase in addition to previously reported DPP4, DPP7, and prolyl tripeptidyl p...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - September 26, 2015 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Production and physiological role of NO in the oral cavity
Publication date: Available online 11 September 2015 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Kimiharu Ambe, Hiroki Watanabe, Shinya Takahashi, Toshihiro Nakagawa, Junzo Sasaki Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical which is produced from a wide variety of cells and tissues in the human body. NO is involved in the regulation of many physiological processes, such as vascular relaxation, neurotransmission, immune regulation, and cell death. NO is generated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which has three identified isoforms: neuronal type NOS (nNOS), endothelial type NOS (eNOS), and inducible type NOS (iNOS...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - September 11, 2015 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Dental prostheses mimic the natural enamel behavior under functional loading: A review article
Publication date: Available online 1 September 2015 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Ahmed A. Madfa, Xiao-Guang Yue Alumina- and zirconia-based ceramic dental restorations are designed to repair functionality as well as esthetics of the failed teeth. However, these materials exhibited several performance deficiencies such as fracture, poor esthetic properties of ceramic cores (particularly zirconia cores), and difficulty in accomplishing a strong ceramic–resin-based cement bond. Therefore, improving the mechanical properties of these ceramic materials is of great interest in a wide range of discip...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - September 2, 2015 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Structural factors affecting prosthodontic decision making in Japan
Publication date: Available online 19 May 2015 Source:Japanese Dental Science Review Author(s): Noriyuki Wakabayashi , Junichiro Wada Prosthodontic treatment strategies, prosthetic designs and materials, and treatment procedures are not determined solely by the diagnosis. We discuss the major effect of structural factors surrounding prosthodontic care on treatment decisions in Japan. These structural factors are related to the dentist, such as the dentist's education, postgraduate courses, and access to the latest research, and to the health care support system, including the social insurance system. Education conten...
Source: Japanese Dental Science Review - June 14, 2015 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
