International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Transcriptional analysis reveals the critical role of RNA polymerase-binding transcription factor, DksA, in regulating multi-drug resistance of Escherichia coli
The uncontrolled use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture has resulted in the extensive antibiotic-resistant bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and detection of antibiotics in the environment worldwide. Especially concerning is the continued emergence of “superbugs” and untreatable infections. The Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli is a common intestinal microorganism of humans and animals [1]. The incidence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli infections is increasing globally [2–4]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 7, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jiawei Wang, Li Cao, Xiaowen Yang, Qingmin Wu, Lin Lu, Zhen Wang Source Type: research

Title Page & Editorial Board
(Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 1, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Predictive performance of a gentamicin population pharmacokinetic model in two Western populations of critically ill patients
Aminoglycosides and especially gentamicin is often included in empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy for treatment of severe sepsis. Indeed, as administering the right dose of the right drug as soon as possible to a septic patient has been shown to decrease the mortality rate [1 –3]. In case of gentamicin, the dose is considered appropriate when a maximum gentamicin plasma concentration (Cmax) / minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio of 8-10 is classically targeted leading to faster clinical response and an increased probability of cure [4–6]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 25, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Laura H. Bukkems, Claire Roger, Caspar J. Hodiamont, Jean-Yves Lefrant, Nicole P. Juffermans, Jason A. Roberts, Reinier M. van Hest Source Type: research

Adverse events of fluoroquinolones vs. other antimicrobials prescribed in primary care: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that are highly effective for the treatment of a variety of infections however, their use as a first-line treatment is limited at least in part due to antimicrobial resistance [1]. FQs are recommended as second-line treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs) or respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in general practice [2 –5]. FQ are associated with common AEs impacting the gastrointestinal ((GI), such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pain and central nervous system (CNS) (headache, dizziness) [6–8]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 24, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M. Tandan, M. Cormican, A. Vellinga Tags: Review Source Type: research

High prevalence of multidrug-resistant international clones among macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in immunocompromised patients in Tunisia
Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the major pathogens responsible for meningitis as well as respiratory tract infections such as otitis and pneumonia. The prevalence of β-lactam resistance and the role of atypical pathogens in community-acquired respiratory tract infections has led to an increase in macrolide prescription. However, macrolide-resistant isolates have increased considerably in the last decade, with important geographical variations in involved phenot ypes and genotypes. This increase is due to antibiotic consumption and/or clonal diffusion of resistant strains [1]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 23, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Anis Raddaoui, Farah Ben Tanfous, Yosra Chebbi, Wafa Achour, Rekaya Baaboura, Assia Benhassen Source Type: research

High prevalence of multidrug resistant international clones among macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in immunocompromised Patients in Tunisia
S. pneumoniae is one of the major pathogens responsible for meningitis and for respiratory tract infections, such as otitis and pneumonia. The prevalence of β-lactam resistance and the role of atypical pathogens in community-acquired respiratory tract infections led to the increase of macrolide prescription. However, macrolide resistant isolates increased considerably the last decade with important geographical variations among involved phenotypes and genotypes. This increase is due to antibiotic consumption and/or clonal diffusion of resistant strains [1]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 23, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Anis Raddaoui, Farah Ben Tanfous, Yosra Chebbi, Wafa Achour, Rekaya Baaboura, Assia Benhassen Source Type: research

Identification of the KPC plasmid pCT-KPC334: New insights on the evolutionary pathway of epidemic plasmids harboring fosA3-blaKPC-2 genes
In this study, a plasmid pCT-KPC334 carrying fosA3, blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-65, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1, and rmtB genes was identified, providing evidence on the evolutionary pathway of plasmids harboring fosA3-blaKPC-2 genes. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 20, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Junyan Liu, Jinhong Xie, Ling Yang, Dingqiang Chen, Brian M. Peters, Zhenbo Xu, Mark E. Shirtliff Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Identification of the KPC plasmid pCY-KPC334: new insights on the evolution pathway of the epidemic plasmids harboring fosA3-blaKPC-2 genes
Sir: (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 20, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Junyan Liu, Jinhong Xie, Ling Yang, Dingqiang Chen, Brian M. Peters, Zhenbo Xu, Mark E. Shirtliff Source Type: research

Sequencing of pT5282-CTXM, p13190-KPC and p30860-NR, and comparative genomics analysis of IncX8 plasmids
Plasmids of the X incompatibility (IncX) group have been isolated dating back to the pre-antibiotic era, and the IncX group has been first identified in 1988 based on their ability to confer sensitivity to filamentous bacteriophage [1]. Sequenced IncX plasmids are predominantly from Enterobacteriaceae species, such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii and Salmonella enterica, indicating that IncX plasmids have a narrow host range. However, R6K (accession number LT827129; the archetypical plasmid of the IncX group [2]) has been shown to be transferrable from Escherichia coli ...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 18, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Haihong Fang, Jiao Feng, Yuanhong Xu, Ying Zhang, Zhe Zhan, Zhe Yin, Xiongbo Duan, Bo Gao, Yigang Tong, Jinglin Wang, Yanping Luo, Erhei Dai, Dongsheng Zhou Source Type: research

Simplification of first-line antibacterial regimen for complicated appendicitis in children is associated with better adherence to guidelines and reduced use of antibiotics
Acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition affecting 0.3 –0.4% of children, with a peak incidence between 8–13 years of age. The most common complications include perforation, peritonitis and abscess, found in 25–39% of cases [1]. Treatment of acute appendicitis usually relies on early surgery (appendectomy and, when necessary, management of complic ations) and a short course of antibiotics (4–7 days) [2], although highly selected patients with a well circumscribed focus of infection may be cured by antimicrobial therapy alone [3]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 17, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Marion Taleb, Nicolas Nardi, Alexis Arnaud, Nathalie Costet, Pierre-Yves Donnio, Charlotte Engrand, Edouard Habonimana, Eric Wodey, Pierre Tattevin Source Type: research

Simplification of first-line antibacterial regimen for complicated appendicitis in children was associated with better adherence to guidelines, and reduced use of antibiotics
Acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition that affects 0.3-0.4% of children, with a peak incidence between 8 and 13 years. Most common complications include perforation, peritonitis, and abscess, found in 25-39% of cases [1]. Treatment of acute appendicitis usually relies on early surgery (appendectomy, and management of complications when necessary), and a short course of antibiotics (4-7 days) [2], although highly selected patients with a well circumscribed focus of infection may be cured by antimicrobial therapy alone [3]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 17, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Marion Taleb, Nicolas Nardi, Alexis Arnaud, Nathalie Costet, Pierre-Yves Donnio, Charlotte Engrand, Edouard Habonimana, Eric Wodey, Pierre Tattevin Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research