International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

First report of an mcr-1-harboring Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 4,5,12:i:- strain isolated from blood of a patient in Switzerland
In the past, colistin use has been mostly limited to veterinary medicine owing to its rather severe side effects, but given the increase in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, the World Health Organization (WHO) recently re-labelled colistin as a ‘critically important antibiotic’. The first description of the plasmid-borne mobilizable colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in 2015 [1] caused great concern, as the ease of potential spread on a conjugative plasmid encoding resistance to polymyxins might change the resistance situation to colistin drastically. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Laura M. Carroll, Katrin Zurfluh, Hyein Jang, Gopal Gopinath, Magdalena N üesch-Inderbinen, Laurent Poirel, Patrice Nordmann, Roger Stephan, Claudia Guldimann Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Rare mould infections caused by Mucorales, Lomentospora prolificans and Fusarium, in San Diego, CA: the role of antifungal combination therapy
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, invasive mould infections (IMIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in immunocompromised individuals [1]. The incidence of invasive aspergillosis (IA), the most common IMI, is 10 –20 cases per 1 million population overall, with an incidence of 0.2–0.6% in intensive care units (ICUs), 0.5–3.9% following haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and 0.1–2.4% following solid-organ transplantation (SOT) [2]. Reported mortality rates from IA range from 30% to 60% at 12 w eeks in patients with an underlying haematological malignanc...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jeffrey D. Jenks, Sharon L. Reed, Danila Seidel, Philipp Koehler, Oliver A. Cornely, Sanjay R. Mehta, Martin Hoenigl Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

First report of an mcr-1 harbouring Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 4,5,12:i:- strain isolated from blood of a patient in Switzerland
In the past, the use of colistin has been mostly limited to veterinary medicine due to its rather severe side effects, but given the increase in multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, the WHO recently relabelled colistin as a “critically important antibiotic”. The first description of a plasmid-borne mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in 2015 [1] caused great concern, as the ease of potential spread on a conjugative plasmid encoding resistance to polymyxins might change the resistance situation to colistin dras tically. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Laura M. Carroll, Katrin Zurfluh, Hyein Jang, Gopal Gopinath, Magdalena N üesch-Inderbinen, Laurent Poirel, Patrice Nordmann, Roger Stephan, Claudia Guldimann Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Rare Mold Infections Caused by Mucorales, Lomentospora Prolificans and Fusarium, San Diego: The Role of Antifungal Combination Therapy
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, invasive mold infections (IMIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in immunocompromised individuals [1]. The incidence of invasive aspergillosis (IA), the most common IMI, is 10-20 cases per 1 million population overall, with an incidence of 0.2-0.6% in the intensive care unit (ICU), 0.5-3.9% after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), and 0.1-2.4% after solid organ transplant (SOT) [2]. Reported mortality rates from IA range from 30% to 60% at 12 weeks in patients with an underlying hematologic malignancy, HSCT, SOT or solid tum...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jeffrey D. Jenks, Sharon L. Reed, Danila Seidel, Philipp Koehler, Oliver A. Cornely, Sanjay R. Mehta, Martin Hoenigl Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Successful management with fosfomycin  + ceftazidime of an infection caused by multiple highly-related subtypes of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant KPC-producing Serratia marcescens
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Serratia marcescens infections are increasing in several hospital wards around the world [1 –3], probably due to the recent use of colistin to combat Gram-negative carbapenem-resistant isolates [1,3,4]. Here we describe a particular case of S. marcescens infection from a single patient (P1) during 4 months of hospitalisation. Nine S. marcescens strains (SmP1–SmP9) isolated from consecu tive bone and soft tissue samples of P1 were subjected to antibiotyping and molecular studies (Table 1). (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cecilia Rodr íguez, Silvina Brengi, Mariel Agustina Cáceres, Silvana Mochi, María Rosa Viñas, Constanza Antich Rizza, Graciela Merletti, Elena Bru, José Daniel Assa, Raúl Ricardo Raya, Daniela Centrón Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Effective inhibition of rifampicin-resistant Chlamydia trachomatis by the novel DNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor corallopyronin A
Rifampicin is highly active against various pathogenic bacteria, including Gram-negative, obligate intracellular Chlamydia trachomatis, which causes functional damage in female reproductive organs [1,2]. However, prolonged exposure to rifampicin causes mutations in the rpoB gene, resulting in the emergence of resistance in C. trachomatis in vitro [2]. In addition, we previously demonstrated that microenvironmental changes, such as different oxygen availabilities that can be found in female reproductive organs under physiological conditions, influence the efficacy of antimicrobials, including rifampicin [1]. (Source: Intern...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kensuke Shima, Svea Ledig, Nathalie Loeper, Andrea Schiefer, Kenneth Pfarr, Achim Hoerauf, Simon Graspeuntner, Jan Rupp Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Successful management with fosfomycin/ceftazidime of an infection caused by multiple highly related subtypes of MDR and XDR KPC-producing Serratia marcescens
Sir, (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cecilia Rodr íguez, Silvina Brengi, Mariel Agustina Cáceres, Silvana Mochi, María Rosa Viñas, Constanza Antich Rizza, Graciela Merletti, Elena Bru, José Daniel Assa, Raúl Ricardo Raya, Daniela Centrón Source Type: research

Effective inhibition of rifampin-resistant Chlamydia trachomatis by the novel DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase inhibitor Corallopyronin A
Sir, (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kensuke Shima, Svea Ledig, Nathalie Loeper, Andrea Schiefer, Kenneth Pfarr, Achim Hoerauf, Simon Graspeuntner, Jan Rupp Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Detection and characterization of methicillin-resistant and susceptible coagulase-negative staphylococci in milk from cows with clinical mastitis in Tunisia.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) play a role as opportunistic nosocomial pathogens in human medicine. They are often involved in foreign body infections and catheter-related infections, but also in urinary tract infections and endocarditis, among others [1]. Nowadays, CNS are of great interest in veterinary medicine because they are currently considered to be emerging pathogens of bovine mastitis. In dairy farms, mastitis remains an important disease with high economic effect. Among the etiologic agents of bovine mastitis, the main type of microorganism is staphylococci; some coagulase-positive species (Staphylococcu...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Amira Klibi, Abderrazek Maaroufi, Carmen Torres, Ahlem Jouini Tags: Themed Issue: Recent Advances in Antimicrobial and Bacterial Resistance Source Type: research

Loss of activity of ceftazidime-avibactam due to MexAB-OprM efflux and overproduction of AmpC cephalosporinase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients suffering from cystic fibrosis
Avibactam is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of β-lactamases approved in combination with ceftazidime for the treatment of Gram-negative infections with limited therapeutic options [1,2]. Since it shows in vitro activity against most class A and class C enzymes [3], including the chromosomally-encoded AmpC cephalosporinase of Pseudomonas aerugin osa (P. aeruginosa) [4], its activity was previously assessed against a large collection (n = 334) of P. aeruginosa isolates from patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hussein Chalhoub, Yolanda S áenz, Wright W. Nichols, Paul M. Tulkens, Françoise Van Bambeke Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors versus carbapenem for bloodstream infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: systematic review and meta-analysis
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that hydrolyze the β-lactam ring, giving resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics including the expanded-spectrum cephalosporins but precluding the cephamycins and aztreonam [1]. In addition, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are often resistant to other classes of antibiotics (e.g. fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-s ulfamethoxazole, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines), making the treatment very challenging [1-4]. Temoniera, a Greek patient's name, was the first plasmid-mediated β-lactamase isolated designed as TEM-1 in an Escherichia coli that grew in a blood culture ...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Maroun M. Sfeir, Gulce Askin, Paul Christos Tags: Review Source Type: research

Assessing antimicrobial resistance gene load in vegan, vegetarian and omnivore human gut microbiota
Bacteria are transmitted between humans, animals and vegetables in a bidirectional manner: from animals and vegetables to humans directly through food; from animals and humans to vegetables through manure and faeces dispersed in water and soil; and indirectly to humans from vegetables through animals that feed on them [1]. The connection between human and environmental microflora through food increases the possibility of genetic exchange between their associated microbiomes (the collective genome of these microbial communities), thereby allowing for the transfer and selection of potentially novel genes to the human gut, in...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Carmen Losasso, Andrea Di Cesare, Eleonora Mastrorilli, Ilaria Patuzzi, Veronica Cibin, Ester M. Eckert, Diego Fontaneto, Angiola Vanzo, Antonia Ricci, Gianluca Corno Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Profile of drug resistance mutations in nucleos(t)ide analogue-experienced chronic hepatitis B patients in Tianjin, China
We read with great interest the recent study by Guo et al. [1] in this journal aimed at evaluating the dynamic changes in the mutation patterns of hepatitis B virus (HBV) resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) in North China. However, the profile of HBV resistance mutations against NAs in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in Tianjin, the biggest coastal city in northern China with a population of more than 14 million, is still largely unknown. Therefore, we wish to contribute by reporting the drug resistance mutations in NA-experienced CHB patients in Tianjin, China. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wei Hou, Congdoanh Trieu, Yanan Du, Cindy Wang, Wing-Kin Syn Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Overcoming challenges of treating extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemic urinary tract infection
Sir, (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Leyland Chuang, Lasantha Ratnayake Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Beta-lactam/ beta-lactamase inhibitors versus carbapenem for bloodstream infections due to extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that hydrolyze the β-lactam ring conferring resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics including the expanded-spectrum cephalosporins but precluding the cephamycins and aztreonam [1]. In addition, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are often resistant to other classes of antibiotics e.g. fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim -sulfamethoxazole, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines making the treatment very challenging [1-4]. Temoniera, a Greek patient name, was the first plasmid-mediated β-lactamase isolated designed as TEM-1 in an Escherichia coli that grew in a blood culture of...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Maroun Sfeir, Gulce Askin, Paul Christos Tags: Review Source Type: research