Extension, Compression, and Beyond: A Unique Classification System for Mortality Evolution Patterns
AbstractA variety of literature addresses the question of how the age distribution of deaths changes over time as life expectancy increases. However, corresponding terms such asextension,compression, orrectangularization are sometimes defined only vaguely, and statistics used to detect certain scenarios can be misleading. The matter is further complicated because mixed scenarios can prevail, and the considered age range can have an impact on observed mortality patterns. In this article, we establish a unique classification framework for realized mortality scenarios that allows for the detection of both pure and mixed scena...
Source: Demography - June 20, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
How Durable Are Ethnoracial Segregation and Spatial Disadvantage? Intergenerational Contextual Mobility in France
AbstractBuilding on emerging research into intergenerational contextual mobility, I use longitudinal data from France (1990 –2008) to investigate the extent to which second-generation immigrants and the French majority continue to live in similar neighborhood environments during childhood and adulthood. To explore the persistence of ethnoracial segregation and spatial disadvantage, I draw on two measures of neighborhoo d composition: the immigrant share and the unemployment rate. The analysis explores the individual and contextual factors underpinning intergenerational contextual mobility and variation across immigrant-o...
Source: Demography - June 15, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Cohort Differences in Parental Financial Help to Adult Children
AbstractIn this article, we examine birth cohort differences in parents ’ provision of monetary help to adult children with particular focus on the extent to which cohort differences in family structure and the transition to adulthood influence these changes. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study from 1994 to 2010, we compare financial help to children of th ree respondent cohorts as the parents in these birth cohorts from ages 53–58 to 57–62. We find that transfers to children have increased among more recent cohorts. Two trends—declining family size and children’s delay in marriage—account for part ...
Source: Demography - June 15, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Organized Violence and Institutional Child Delivery: Micro-Level Evidence From Sub-Saharan Africa, 1989 –2014
This article addresses how local exposure to organized violence affects whether women give birth in a health facility. We combine geocoded data on violent events from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program with georeferenced survey data on the use of maternal health care services from the Demographic and Health Surveys. Our sample covers 569,201 births by 390,574 mothers in 31 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We use a mother fixed-effects analysis to estimate the effect of recent organized violence events within a radius of 50 km of the home of each mother on the likelihood that her child is born in a health facility. The resul...
Source: Demography - June 13, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Same-Sex Married Tax Filers After Windsor and Obergefell
This study provides estimates of the population of same-sex tax filers drawn from returns filed in 2013, 2014, and 2015, using methods developed by the U.S. Census Bureau to address measurement error in gender classification. We estimate that approximately 0.48 % of all joint filers in 2015 were same-sex couples, or approximately 250,450 couples. (Source: Demography)
Source: Demography - June 12, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
