Antenatal maternal low protein diet: ACE-2 in the mouse lung and sexually dimorphic programming of hypertension
Elevated blood pressure is an important global health problem, and in-utero under-nutrition may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that antenatal maternal low protein diet (MLPD) leads to sexually dimorphic developmental programming of the components of the pulmonary renin-angiotensin system. This may be important in the antenatal MLPD-associated development of hypertension. In pregnant mice, we administered normal (control) and isocaloric 50 % protein restricted diet, commencing one week before mating and continuing until delivery of the pups. From t...
Source: BMC Physiology - May 14, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Ravi GoyalJonathan Van-WickleDipali GoyalLawrence Longo Source Type: research
Exercise performed around MLSS decreases systolic blood pressure and increases aerobic fitness in hypertensive rats
Background:
Exercise is a non-pharmacologic agent widely used for hypertension control, where low intensity is often associated with blood pressure reduction. Maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) was recently identified in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) as an important step in establishing secure intensities for prescribing exercise for hypertensive phenotypes. Here we verified the effects of training around MLSS, 20% below MLSS, and 15% above MLSS on aerobic fitness and blood pressure status of SHR. Eighteen-week-old SHRs (n = 5, ~ 172.4 ± 8.1 mm Hg systolic blood pressure) were trained on a treadmill for...
Source: BMC Physiology - March 14, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Bernardo PetrizJeeser AlmeidaClarissa GomesCarlos ErnestoRinaldo PereiraOctavio Franco Source Type: research
Alteration in circulating metabolites during and after heat stress in the conscious rat: potential biomarkers of exposure and organ-specific injury
Conclusions:
Integrating plasma metabolomics with tissue proteomics and transcriptomics supports a diagnostic approach to assessing individual susceptibility to organ injury and predicting recovery after heat stress. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - December 24, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Danielle IppolitoJohn LewisChenggang YuLisa LeonJonathan Stallings Source Type: research
CaMKII content affects contractile, but not mitochondrial, characteristics in regenerating skeletal muscle
Conclusion:
Elevated CaMKII content promotes a slow-to-fast type fibre shift in regenerating muscle but is not sufficient to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in the absence of an endurance stimulus. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - December 17, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Wouter EilersRichard JaspersArnold de HaanCéline FerriéPaola ValdiviesoMartin Flück Source Type: research
Big data in wildlife research: remote web-based monitoring of hibernating black bears
Conclusions:
For the first time, detailed physiological data were successfully transferred from an animal in the wild to a web-based data collection and management system, overcoming previous limitations on the quantities of data that could be transferred. The system provides an opportunity to detect unusual events as they are occurring, enabling investigation of the animal and site shortly afterwards. Although the current study was limited to bears in winter dens, we anticipate that future systems will transmit data from implantable monitors to wearable transmitters, allowing for big data transfer on non-stationary animal...
Source: BMC Physiology - December 11, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Timothy LaskeDavid GarshelisPaul Iaizzo Source Type: research
White-nose syndrome initiates a cascade of physiologic disturbances in the hibernating bat host
Conclusions:
Integrating these novel findings on the physiological changes that occur in early-stage WNS with those previously documented in late-stage infections, we propose a multi-stage disease progression model that mechanistically describes the pathologic and physiologic effects underlying mortality of WNS in hibernating bats. This model identifies testable hypotheses for better understanding this disease, knowledge that will be critical for defining effective disease mitigation strategies aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality that results from WNS. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - December 9, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Michelle VerantCarol MeteyerJohn SpeakmanPaul CryanJeffrey LorchDavid Blehert Source Type: research
Identification of novel Kirrel3 gene splice variants in adult human skeletal muscle
Conclusion:
The results presented here demonstrate for the first time that there are at least 3 splice variants of Kirrel3 expressed in adult human skeletal muscle, two of which have never previously been identified in human muscle. Importantly, mRNA of all splice variants was not always present, a finding with potential physiological relevance. These initial discoveries highlight the need for more molecular and functional studies to understand the role of Kirrel3 in human skeletal muscle. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - December 9, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Peter DurcanJohannes ConradieMari Van deVyverKathryn Myburgh Source Type: research
White-nose syndrome initiates a cascade of physiologic disturbances in the hibernating bat host
Conclusions:
Integrating these novel findings on the physiological changes that occur in early-stage WNS with those previously documented in late-stage infections, we propose a multi-stage disease progression model that mechanistically describes the pathologic and physiologic effects underlying mortality of WNS in hibernating bats. This model identifies testable hypotheses for better understanding this disease, knowledge that will be critical for defining effective disease mitigation strategies aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality that results from WNS. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - December 9, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Michelle VerantCarol MeteyerJohn SpeakmanPaul CryanJeffrey LorchDavid Blehert Source Type: research
Identification of novel Kirrel3 gene splice variants in adult human skeletal muscle
Conclusion:
The results presented here demonstrate for the first time that there are at least 3 splice variants of Kirrel3 expressed in adult human skeletal muscle, two of which have never previously been identified in human muscle. Importantly, mRNA of all splice variants was not always present, a finding with potential physiological relevance. These initial discoveries highlight the need for more molecular and functional studies to understand the role of Kirrel3 in human skeletal muscle. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - December 9, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Peter DurcanJohannes ConradieMari Van deVyverKathryn Myburgh Source Type: research
Acetate transiently inhibits myocardial contraction by increasing mitochondrial calcium uptake
Conclusions:
Lehninger and others have previously demonstrated that the anions of weak aliphatic acids such as acetate stimulate Ca2+ uptake in isolated mitochondria. Here we show that this effect of acetate appears to extend to isolated cardiac myocytes where it transiently modulates cell contraction. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - December 9, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: James SchooleyAryan NamboodiriRachel CoxRolf BüngerThomas Flagg Source Type: research
Differential role of STIM1 and STIM2 during transient inward ( T in ) current generation and the maturation process in the Xenopus oocyte
Conclusions:
It was found that STIM2, but not STIM1, was essential in both responses, and T
in currents and GVBD were strongly reduced or eliminated in cells devoid of STIM2; STIM1 knockdown had no effect on the maturation process, but it reduced the T
in response by 15 to 70%. Thus, the endogenous SOCE response in Xenopus oocytes depended mainly on STIM2, and its expression was necessary for entry into meiosis induced by progesterone. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - November 15, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Barbara Serrano-FloresEdith GarayFrancisco Vázquez-CuevasRogelio Arellano Source Type: research
Longevity of Daphnia and the attenuation of stress responses by melatonin
Conclusions:
Our results confirm the effect of melatonin on inhibition of stress-signal responses of Daphnia. Until now, only a single study demonstrated melatonin effects on behavioral responses due to vertebrate kairomones, whereas we clearly show a more general effect of melatonin: i) on morphological predator defense induced by an invertebrate kairomone and ii) on life history characteristics transmitted by chemical cues from conspecifics. Therefore, we could generally confirm that melatonin plays a role in the attenuation of responses to different stressors in Daphnia. (Source: BMC Physiology)
Source: BMC Physiology - November 6, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Anke SchwarzenbergerMark ChristjaniAlexander Wacker Source Type: research
MAPK-activated protein kinase 2-deficiency causes hyperacute tumor necrosis factor-induced inflammatory shock
Conclusions:
The capacity of the endothelial barrier to deal with inflammatory and oxidative stress is imperative to allow a regulated immune response and maintain endothelial barrier integrity. Our results indicate that, considering the central role of TNF in pro-inflammatory signaling, therapeutic strategies examining pharmacological inhibition of MK2 should take potentially dangerous side effects at the level of endothelial barrier integrity into account. (Source: BMC Physiology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Physiology - Latest articles - September 4, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Benjamin VandendriesscheAn GoethalsAlba SimatsEvelien Van HammePeter BrouckaertAnje Cauwels Source Type: research
Impact of maternal dietary fat supplementation during gestation upon skeletal muscle in neonatal pigs
Conclusion:
In conclusion, a HF gestational diet accelerates the maturation of offspring biceps femoris muscle, reflected in increased glycolytic metabolism and fibre cross sectional area, differences accompanied with a potential resetting of myofibre nutrient uptake. (Source: BMC Physiology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Physiology - Latest articles - August 27, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Hernan FainbergKayleigh AlmondDongfang LiCyril RauchPaul BikkerMichael SymondsAlison Mostyn Source Type: research
Sympathoactivation and rho-kinase-dependent baroreflex function in experimental renovascular hypertension with reduced kidney mass
Conclusions:
Regardless of residual renal mass, blood pressure and sympathetic tone are increased, whereas baroreflex sensitivity is depressed in murine models of renovascular hypertension. Reduced norepinephrine excretion and/or degradation might contribute to sympathoactivation in renovascular hypertension with reduced renal mass (1K1C). Overall, the study helps to direct research to optimize medical therapy of hypertension. (Source: BMC Physiology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Physiology - Latest articles - June 19, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Rainer PliquettSebastian BenkhoffOliver JungRalf Brandes Source Type: research
