Changes in plasma metabolites and glucose homeostasis during omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Conclusion Effects of FO and SBO on plasma AA were similar and differed significantly from those of the FLX. The primary target of dietary PUFA is not known. Dietary PUFA may influence insulin secretion and resistance directly and alter plasma AA indirectly. Alternatively, as a novel concept, dietary PUFA may directly affect AA metabolism and the changes in insulin secretion and resistance may be secondary. Graphical abstract (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - April 12, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Revisiting the biochemical and molecular milieu of brain tumors
Conclusions MR spectroscopy is an intergral tool for evaluation and systematic follow up of brain tumors. A deeper understanding of this technology by a biochemist would help in a swift and more logical development of the technique while a close collaboration with radiologist would enable definitive application of the same. General Significance The review aims at inciting a closer ties between the two specialist enabling a deeper understanding of this valuable technology. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - April 11, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Clinical significance of serum protease-activated receptor-1 (par-1) levels In patients with cutaneous melanoma
Conclusion Serum levels of PAR-1 have no diagnostic, predictive and prognostic roles in cutaneous melanoma patients. General significance: Measurement of PAR-1 in serum is not a clinical significance in cutaneous melanoma patients. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - April 5, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Inflammation-associated changes in lipid composition and the organization of the erythrocyte membrane
Conclusions Erythrocyte membrane lipid remodeling as reflected by LPC formation and/or PS exposure occurs during systemic inflammation in a secretory phospholipase A2 IIA-independent manner. General Significance Sepsis-associated inflammation induces a lipid remodeling of the erythrocyte membrane that is likely to affect erythrocyte function and survival, and that is not fully mimicked by experimental endotoxemia. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - April 2, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Blood metabolomics analysis identifies abnormalities in the citric acid cycle, urea cycle, and amino acid metabolism in bipolar disorder
Conclusions The metabolomics analysis demonstrated altered serum levels of pyruvate, N-acetylglutamic acid, β-alanine, serine, and arginine in BD patients. General Significance The present findings suggest that abnormalities in the citric acid cycle, urea cycle, and amino acid metabolism play a role in the pathogenesis of BD. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - April 2, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
TCF7L2 polymorphism is associated with low nitric oxide release, endothelial dysfunction and enhanced inflammatory response after myocardial infarction
Conclusion In non-diabetic STEMI patients, the rs7903146 TCF7L2 gene polymorphism is associated with lower insulin secretion, worse endothelial function, higher coronary thrombotic burden, and higher short-term mortality. General Significance During the acute phase of MI, a lower capacity of insulin secretion may influence clinical outcome. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - April 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Prolonged activation of human islet cannabinoid receptors in vitro induces adaptation but not dysfunction
Conclusions Maintenance of human islets for up to 5 days in the presence of CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists causes modifications in ECS element gene expression, but does not have any major impact on islet function or viability. General Significance These data suggest that the metabolic dysfunction associated with over-activation of the ECS in obesity and diabetes in humans is unlikely to be secondary to impaired islet function. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - March 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of oxaloacetate 100mg capsules in Alzheimer's subjects
Publication date: June 2016 Source:BBA Clinical, Volume 5 Author(s): Russell H. Swerdlow, Rebecca Bothwell, Lewis Hutfles, Jeffrey M. Burns, Gregory A. Reed Bioenergetics and bioenergetic-related functions are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects. These alterations represent therapeutic targets and provide an underlying rationale for modifying brain bioenergetics in AD-affected persons. Preclinical studies in cultured cells and mice found that administering oxaloacetate (OAA), a Krebs cycle and gluconeogenesis intermediate, enhanced bioenergetic fluxes and upregulated some brain bioenergetic infrastru...
Source: BBA Clinical - March 21, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Altered expression of intracellular Toll-like receptors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with alopecia areata
Conclusion: This is the first report that shows the comprehensive expression profile of TLRs in AA patients. We conclude that up-regulated expression of intracellular TLRs in PBMCs of AA patients may play an active role in abnormal regulation of Th-1, Th-17 and regulatory T cell cytokines in alopecia areata. General Significance: Targeting of TLRs and their associated inflammatory signaling will open new areas of research, this may lead to the development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of AA or other skin disorders. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - March 14, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Oxaloacetate 100 mg Capsules In Alzheimer's subjects
Publication date: Available online 10 March 2016 Source:BBA Clinical Author(s): Russell H. Swerdlow, Rebecca Bothwell, Lewis Hutfles, Jeffrey M. Burns, Gregory A. Reed Bioenergetics and bioenergetic-related functions are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects. These alterations represent therapeutic targets and provide an underlying rationale for modifying brain bioenergetics in AD-affected persons. Preclinical studies in cultured cells and mice found administering oxaloacetate (OAA), a Krebs cycle and gluconeogenesis intermediate, enhanced bioenergetic fluxes and upregulated some brain bioenergetic inf...
Source: BBA Clinical - March 11, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Clinical relevance of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) deficiency: Exploring the role of new variants including the first SCAD- disease- causing allele carrying a synonymous mutation
Publication date: Available online 10 March 2016 Source:BBA Clinical Author(s): Rodolfo Tonin, Anna Caciotti, Silvia Funghini, Elisabetta Pasquini, Sean D. Mooney, Binghuang Cai, Elena Proncopio, Maria Alice Donati, Federico Baronio, Ilaria Bettocchi, Alessandra Cassio, Giacomo Biasucci, Andrea Bordugo, Giancarlo la Marca, Renzo Guerrini, Amelia Morrone Short-chain acyl-coA dehydrogenase deficiency (SCADD) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation caused by ACADS gene alterations. SCADD is a heterogeneous condition, sometimes considered to be solely a b...
Source: BBA Clinical - March 11, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Expression levels of estrogen receptor α mRNA in peripheral blood cells are an independent biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis
Conclusion We conclude that ERα mRNA levels in PBLs could be used as an independent risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis. General significance Our findings suggested that ERα mRNA levels in PBLs may be more important than age and serum estrogen levels. (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - March 11, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Low magnesium is not a significant predictor of hard events in acute myocardial infarction
Conclusion The present findings do not support a significant role of low Mg as predictor for HE in AMI. Graphical abstract (Source: BBA Clinical)
Source: BBA Clinical - March 9, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Implication of hepatokines in metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2016 Source:BBA Clinical Author(s): Tae Woo Jung, Hye Jin Yoo, Kyung Mook Choi The liver is a central regulator of systemic energy homeostasis and has a pivotal role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Impaired gluconeogenesis and dyslipidemia are often observed in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The liver is now recognized to be an endocrine organ that secretes hepatokines, which are proteins that regulate systemic metabolism and energy homeostasis. Hepatokines are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, type 2 diabetes...
Source: BBA Clinical - March 6, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Glycogen metabolism in humans
Publication date: Available online 27 February 2016 Source:BBA Clinical Author(s): María M. Adeva-Andany, Manuel González-Lucán, Cristóbal Donapetry-García, Carlos Fernández-Fernández, Eva Ameneiros-Rodríguez In the human body, glycogen is a branched polymer of glucose stored mainly in the liver and the skeletal muscle that supplies glucose to the blood stream during fasting periods and to the muscle cells during muscle contraction. Glycogen has been identified in other tissues such as brain, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, and erythrocytes, but glycogen function in these tissues is mostly unknown. Gly...
Source: BBA Clinical - February 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
